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The Fiscal Year 2020 U.S. budget deficit is expected to be $1.1 trillion. 3 s4 P1 p% U- r( \- j6 u+ U( ~
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2020财年美国预算赤字预计为1.1万亿美元/ R; [9 F' U& \( Y- `4 ?
9 B" ?5 }# L" K- \/ q6 oThe first column represents the fiscal year, followed by the deficit that year in billions. Next is the debt increase by fiscal year, followed by the deficit/GDP. Finally, the events affecting the deficit are cited.( Z, \- B! i* n, U
第一列表示会计年度,其次是该年度的赤字(十亿)。其次是财政年度的债务增加,其次是赤字/ GDP。最后,列举了影响赤字的事件
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Fiscal Year Deficit (in billions) Debt Deficit/GDP Events
3 X$ G3 [/ n) q" J4 @ K% E/ x1929 ($1) ($1) (0.7%) Market crash
2 q; `, M( Y* ~1930 ($1) ($1) (0.8%) Smoot-Hawley
. J3 y6 p5 ~1 U) G1931 $0 $1 0.6% Dust Bowl
7 v" m* u; Q$ V" E0 F. u1932 $3 $3 4.5% Hoover tax hike d6 O2 l) t: T: n: m; I1 N, i0 D
1933 $3 $3 4.5% FDR New Deal
# l# ^! I! {3 H8 y1934 $4 $5 5.4% GDP up 10.8%, debt also rose
7 U& l) m# }1 P4 [8 @8 E1935 $3 $2 3.8% Social Security$ {: V% {- x# f- M8 }5 j P4 P
1936 $4 $5 5.1% Tax hikes# x0 _ u8 }0 s, [
1937 $2 $3 2.4% Depression returned, third New Deal9 s8 K1 p [0 o4 ]7 z: X% W& Z
1938 $0 $1 0.1% Dust Bowl ended
. E( C0 q5 x& s2 @* @, I% Q1939 $3 $3 3.0% Depression ended+ M% {" X, T9 }' L
1940 $3 $3 2.8% Defense increased7 ?- q! t+ v+ h. b1 |
1941 $5 $6 3.8% Pearl Harbor
. @1 `- C E" A) o2 J1942 $21 $23 12.3% Battle of Midway! b% N* Y- @ O4 i1 \1 H
1943 $55 $64 26.9% Defense tripled, v7 r# d8 z: H2 d. `+ O
1944 $48 $64 21.2% Bretton Woods
5 j5 Y& j$ b2 x* x% \9 w1945 $48 $58 20.0% WWII ended
2 D: b3 C* |9 }' q1946 $16 $11 7.0% Recession/ |9 {8 \- k, f1 i$ _. t. l4 b
1947 ($4) ($11) (1.6%) Cold War
?' ^ Y- s1 k3 n5 L, G. G" @1948 ($12) ($6) (4.2%) Recession' @" i$ {0 h( x9 [& w1 ]8 g
1949 ($1) $0 (0.2%) Recession
5 u- _( w/ I R+ d0 w2 O5 U1950 $3 $5 1.0% Korean War$ Z2 R; N: E/ P( y) @" u9 i9 S
1951 ($6) ($2) (1.7%) Expansion9 _: t2 D1 F2 m" g9 o; d
1952 $2 $4 0.4% Expansion* S& r0 N) k/ ^% u
1953 $6 $7 1.7% Korean War ended, recession7 k+ j2 s+ d9 x- p5 C- k3 n
1954 $1 $5 0.3% Recession, Eisenhower budgets
7 I0 x8 I ~$ _& l! Z' h5 l1955 $3 $3 0.7% Expansion' B2 Y: _) I `6 m2 u) A
1956 ($4) ($2) (0.9%) Expansion
4 h& R" |) d9 Q/ `- p1957 ($3) ($2) (0.7%) Recession- I! {' R* _7 I. g2 @. Y; r) B
1958 $3 $6 0.6% Recession ended @2 n: ^+ o, U+ }' U4 `5 E+ _
1959 $13 $8 2.4% Fed raised rates
; A6 X1 A% G* C# |/ S/ b1960 $0 $2 (0.1%) Recession6 m0 h& c8 t7 q! z) n
1961 $3 $3 0.6% JFK & Bay of Pigs! v8 E- j- `; L
1962 $7 $10 1.2% Cuban Missile Crisis
( `1 c! F0 x2 ?1963 $5 $7 0.7% U.S. aids Vietnam, JFK killed+ d1 K% _! n4 P2 B. B
1964 $6 $6 0.9% LBJ War on Poverty2 @3 \! V$ v& [3 P8 x9 b& P% ~
1965 $1 $6 0.2% Medicare, Medicaid, Vietnam War
4 R7 U- r6 T# s; s- D1966 $4 $3 0.5%
3 t6 W3 g( ?. ~. u5 y1967 $9 $6 1.0% Expansion
1 o) E0 P3 |, S+ ?) z% r" c6 E9 [, y _1968 $25 $21 2.6% Moon landing& Q& H- N$ H0 X$ f
1969 ($3) $6 (0.3%) Nixon took office
, F! k0 f6 M0 n1970 $3 $17 0.3% Recession
7 y) g; d# B' H1971 $23 $27 2.0% Wage-price controls! U1 |9 Z; t. O: |
1972 $23 $29 1.8% Stagflation
& ^4 p- ^. c5 @% j( S& p1973 $15 $31 1.0% End of gold standard6 S3 A$ Z' E; Z7 w
1974 $6 $17 0.4% Budget process created, Watergate
@# E) \. o3 W, C5 z" y- f1975 $53 $58 3.1% Ford budget, Vietnam War ended
" w" ^8 Z! c1 r! f" I1976 $74 $87 3.9% Stagflation
" j1 p7 z! i- {# h' @/ [3 U J" D8 E1977 $54 $78 2.5% Stagflation
8 J8 ^5 G7 j) j. g& }9 i; ]1978 $59 $73 2.5% Carter budget, Recession
^6 {! i/ D: H8 Z- u4 G1979 $41 $55 1.5% Recession0 v7 m& s/ V/ ~2 w) w G( {
1980 $74 $81 2.6% Volcker raised rates to 20%
4 I8 w. `8 f+ u1981 $79 $90 2.4% Reagan tax cut
& t/ |3 I1 ?0 o: J# K% a0 h6 J. N3 g1982 $128 $144 3.8% Reagan increased spending
8 ~" V' v( W" k% I3 w& ^1983 $208 $235 5.6% Jobless rate was 10.8%
5 w* M' O( W* n+ x; T3 q1984 $185 $195 4.5% Increased defense spending
+ c. P @: H% Q9 Q; L1985 $212 $256 4.8% Increased defense spending" f2 Q3 O. r2 z
1986 $221 $297 4.8% Tax cut: |6 S# }4 _+ Q! i) \
1987 $150 $225 3.1% Market crash- }% w9 L% G8 B- @
1988 $155 $252 2.9% Fed raised rates
& ^, m" i# W: |. a& ?( I1989 $153 $255 2.7% S&L Crisis, Bush 41 budget+ O7 S- Y1 J6 _" Y A
1990 $221 $376 3.7% Desert Storm
$ c( f5 q1 b# \7 U+ w k9 R1991 $269 $432 4.3% Recession
' ~5 V4 \3 W1 E; [5 N1992 $290 $399 4.4% Expansion
3 k) o' Q6 g% i, l1993 $255 $347 3.7% Clinton signed Budget Act
( V1 Q7 F: b a0 A9 a1994 $203 $281 2.8% Clinton budget
( u' }0 w$ l* x" a9 b6 U: p1995 $164 $281 2.1% Expansion( e+ C+ J& C1 c+ e% E
1996 $107 $251 1.3% Welfare reform. V) ?0 h3 f3 s* x9 s ~
1997 $22 $188 0.3% Expansion
& [: q: A+ l6 |5 F ~3 q1998 ($69) $113 (0.8%) LTCM crisis, recession M- b! L3 h- `9 q: q- L7 G
1999 ($126) $130 (1.3%) Glass-Steagall repealed/ n6 a5 _! S: I1 Z' q" x7 U7 V; W
2000 ($236) $18 (2.3%) Surplus1 K- u/ R, x0 a! [* A9 [1 `. y' N
2001 ($128) $133 (1.2%) 9/11 attacks, EGTRRA
/ k( j3 g9 y8 C7 b. ]2002 $158 $421 1.4% War on Terror$ R) n+ _! P% \
2003 $378 $555 3.3% JGTRRA7 T( J% P: x. _
2004 $413 $596 3.4% Iraq War" M7 [: A( e3 G$ |: P7 U
2005 $318 $554 2.4% Katrina, Bankruptcy Act3 }0 |' U& ^3 B: k# x6 g4 P) ]
2006 $248 $578 1.8% Bernanke chairs Fed) M8 D" [5 s% k- P' Z' ]! E
2007 $161 $501 1.1% Bank crisis+ @, P# O4 H$ l+ Y+ m4 d
2008 $459 $1,017 3.1% Bank bailout, QE* Z& |! L) Q2 z5 ^
2009 $1,413 $1,632 9.8% Stimulus Act. Bank bailout cost $250B, ARRA added $241.9B
3 q$ Z3 f" {0 \* _2010 $1,294 $1,905 8.6% Obama tax cuts, ACA, Simpson-Bowles
: J% x/ V, m4 P; ?4 J) d2011 $1,300 $1,229 8.3% Debt crisis, recession and tax cuts reduced revenue
+ l; U1 _. A% u W3 j) X2012 $1,087 $1,276 6.7% Fiscal cliff
" I) K# A3 V9 f2013 $679 $672 4.0% Sequester, government shutdown
; k& M/ f) U; @- P; S1 f- ~! W& [2014 $485 $1,086 2.7% Debt ceiling
. p9 d) X3 E& N1 r7 O2 C2015 $438 $327 2.4% Defense = $736.4B
# R+ n% Z2 j% E5 X2016 $585 $1,423 3.1% Defense = $767.6B3 U& v4 ]2 K: k" a9 z- Q
2017 $665 $672 3.4% Defense = $817.9B! K; m3 M1 @1 q4 _. H2 _0 `7 c8 H
2018 $779 $1,217 4.0% Defense = $890.8B. Trump tax cuts3 ]/ C9 P5 t, k
2019 $1,091 $1,314 NA Defense = $956.5B7 Z$ p( v9 Q+ Q/ g5 k; d
2020 $1,101 $1,281 NA Defense = $989B4 i; _3 a0 J1 ~; Q1 m
2021 $1,068 $1,276 NA NA) z2 G/ g' D& u7 r" q; k$ {
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