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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 : b8 `7 h+ {8 ^
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688, k* H8 Q% Y q" L0 b$ q
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China2 |" k2 E; V/ t7 V, o1 M
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
' K O, ~- ` j* l) CFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.6 S( O( z7 W4 e3 M. z* L- t
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
: i# r; M+ a8 k$ ]( U0 @Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China. K5 G4 z( q9 F% T* [0 P3 ~
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
1 K5 ~2 h& o& e3 W YReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
; p$ U. g5 U. ]& n) C" E: D7 v3 UPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
' k3 W) F+ `/ W( zJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing9 U' c6 C( N2 p
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The V ]. N6 s5 C
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been7 p$ B" y+ c2 c% y4 R+ Y! s g
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
# W# P0 @. D1 ?7 Y# L8 Conly having translated a great deal of Western scientific$ }7 ]) |$ m' E) I! ?
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly( { @1 ~0 v( t/ D
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
& {5 b& s" Z8 Y. ^! K$ Q" `9 }translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
$ P& Q9 r" P7 o; M% ~( d: Oscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,) V$ |! t/ {/ P! t# V" a' `8 v
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
' Y6 J/ z7 v3 o0 e4 c. Dstandardization of the scientific terminology translation7 n3 \5 c/ L& F/ r5 }+ W; }
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
6 O$ W4 O5 d( ?: ghe established had helped greatly with the popularization
* }; h" `( c- ?2 O! n$ Lof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring; r, U( |+ J3 K8 o
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
+ p5 U- p- q7 bfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and2 i/ e; S6 H' @. C" h6 X7 Q
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a$ i O9 |* A3 C' w+ U; u
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific$ i3 b. i, T9 |& |/ ^
terminology.6 @" g+ b8 r- u" G1 E- O
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;3 q3 o, h2 N; M8 Q( j. V# M
Standardization of terminology translation' [- |* Q# n# \/ Y
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to, P- `# s6 ], O' q( B6 y
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern) `) o5 p7 P D e( J. a
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
0 ^ _6 R4 [+ Q2 Bfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213; G8 d# d6 _3 @5 ~! c* }- m3 S! M
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213& S, C6 c; e7 ?: ]+ x v W
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/ W& U3 q* Y7 O/ U. ?( [' e8 SINTRODUCTION& H! E% b) s+ H' d# C: |' O
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and) L: u- F+ m& \; U
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
6 { t5 m3 t- X3 D1 QDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to. r0 f4 n; l1 ^8 q0 y
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of3 M% J3 H& j( b
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
2 Z0 G6 t7 P) b7 Q% z' _" Uby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
; t" l8 D4 A6 Ban editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on2 B1 `; t# l% d9 h! Z. h" ^
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
P! {" l, L, M# A0 c& |# O& O1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
, R! H$ f+ N9 T4 d) yworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,9 e" `- S' O9 x% _
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
6 e% K! s; |( R2 wNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated+ P2 P# C2 n+ O& V3 Y
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant) C, Z; a5 b1 x' Z
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
. v7 ~- ]5 O# t8 Z5 `7 ]+ p- Qrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
2 D3 I+ X8 V- bFryer translated more than one hundred of Western9 n" F! u% r& N- [" c7 q8 _& R
books that made him the most productive one among the
+ ?5 ]7 B* Z; }foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
% s7 X2 X" L: S) o qtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a& y1 {& h! b# H7 Y8 g9 }
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
5 o. b6 C* R/ j* j kpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
5 `/ S' G/ B' ]In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer5 D: p2 `6 K7 @# |
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western1 a2 O Y( R( E' U
science and the standardization of translated scientific4 K' f3 z2 |/ r: o9 z
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific1 H# }( b) m( [. O' Z/ ]9 x
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the S e* ^& v& W. V3 ^/ B
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
# ~, R$ D+ n* J2 P! {4 J5 H5 j; Kcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series' |0 j7 I- s/ l' k3 }
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in! V( K/ J A$ w; _* H2 b% c
Modern China.! ] \5 N, D' D4 u8 ?: S
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
. i$ o; t u3 G6 K4 Y0 yThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
( ]8 F, M% c B$ \) s" l( vtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing0 A% U! c; q' [6 T) x. _1 {
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
5 M$ J. |* N$ x6 n8 LJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
3 N8 E) W; c, Q( UTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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