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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ! A4 C9 r4 P* U; D$ c8 e/ {
z3 U: ?) }3 X4 g+ J+ M, j; X; ehttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688; @: h3 w6 X* z3 I; g
5 k$ ]! K, v+ QJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China% k; \6 y7 j: V7 Y
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of3 S/ T$ _( |' C7 ^! b7 Y# `4 y# ^
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.: k% A( w" m% d% T5 F% a$ O' Q; x
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
- X* _# `9 Z9 @0 yFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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_! R b% H0 [2 ^4 j) g0 r1 \Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .% t/ D( r: k/ o2 O
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20185 t$ ^3 s9 _; N
Published online 26 January 2018& Z7 o0 o4 u4 h3 _8 O' l
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" J8 P4 [5 j9 d6 m+ j' Q% JAbstract
1 N9 O; j, F9 E r% }John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing! M( T6 D4 H6 i9 i
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
/ }# u2 r1 J6 N1 ^; D& B9 F$ @Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
0 |3 J+ }; L. a3 v& Z- V3 Kengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
; T' h* [5 T# ^6 zonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
0 p1 N5 ^' E# s. F/ J8 t, tworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly! e9 F$ Z1 |) E, L3 ~% L$ i- o( K3 m! k
to the standardization of the scientific terminology4 n e% C- Q* m' W! q
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s4 s+ ^+ P# a/ \: D, f
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,( I H+ Z0 v R! f
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
9 _4 }8 h/ X4 d: |, _: vstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
+ \; x! f# Y; a: E# M, |in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien, [6 Q6 ]$ \5 }7 Y$ B0 d
he established had helped greatly with the popularization# Z; ]# h2 U* v5 T. @9 Z. M. R
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring) j' H! g5 k/ B1 S3 k. F! J
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
, B* r$ X5 u6 j' C% n% [6 Wfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
! m$ v, T* l& k I5 P3 Xthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
- `* f$ y2 V" f( P. i) E5 qgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
1 X3 N0 _8 J9 p1 B3 Mterminology.
) }& W8 L1 m, |2 l$ KKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;7 b9 W; [8 _$ ]4 p z
Standardization of terminology translation
* z6 F/ a% n# aYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
5 _' B) C2 T" H) A) G/ HStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
8 U D* R, c: o0 }4 I) W' [China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
8 |% v9 s, W% qfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
4 P3 @* |5 n: p" d oDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213 N! G P! q9 l3 ]4 z3 C8 O- f
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INTRODUCTION
& m1 N$ Q7 {# f6 R' c% g& U6 fJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and6 J" L) z( S# C2 }7 p* f
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
" u7 L; C3 |$ a7 aDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
$ n8 n2 E% | q9 ?$ M& yHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
6 v( g& y y) @- L3 i: bSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
7 d3 p V, L( }" Dby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
9 ? a+ ^* U/ p. G3 can editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on/ A! b: Z% }) }* _ o+ P
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
1 y4 M- ^. ?1 K# J& \" Z1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 G6 m& E7 F8 G- B* m& w4 v" yworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,, `3 X0 x" H' o% p) H
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction." m0 i# p" g, [9 J
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated' Q8 [1 C6 @: A+ H' ?1 F
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant! {1 ~ ]# e t
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
L" U" K' m+ D4 M. m5 trevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,5 @5 {- C1 F8 }7 }9 g A$ c; I
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
( U6 j: @$ w; Q' O4 Abooks that made him the most productive one among the/ X1 P" t4 i1 {/ z, U$ Z
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
) C3 p+ d6 ^* H! s7 Atranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
/ g/ Y0 L; t3 a9 h* D' `, ~$ `/ mnoble work which could help accelerate the process of& a" }: L- [8 D+ d" i7 N7 S
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
# {% C. }4 c* @' @In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
$ H- U% ?3 ]7 P7 w* H! e; {also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
9 q. b- @; ~6 Z4 q2 w; w5 qscience and the standardization of translated scientific) V, v; m- ~" A' i$ T/ n* r/ z
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
6 c+ K2 j' n9 ^magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the% l r7 [ f+ Y& ]7 i
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
5 X, M! \ d8 T/ @1 ]: mcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
6 @7 S/ ?) v% g# Sof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
" ^- {+ o: E" }7 O. wModern China.
6 A) o/ H# C) l5 C) ]An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
' ?" H* ~. V c# g+ DThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
6 Q8 C3 V. f0 | V: V I/ b4 c! Etravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
: N3 t! m( ]$ \, B: F/ b2 W7 @a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
! G/ r7 ~) O, H) `. T, `John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
6 Q4 ^8 V5 E, b4 N( Z4 X& aTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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