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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
0 n) Y$ R" e) {0 k6 ~& VYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of% `( `- k% K6 k
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.$ k7 _5 l1 H* {9 c: U
+ h5 o! \4 I$ ?5 [ n
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
: w% H0 G1 n3 F! M0 L& p1 [Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
4 i0 `4 H& O. { M- }
7 s+ Z$ F; N% [- Q: xSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .: g- T5 Y- G R) r: B
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018& |, ]+ f2 w' v+ y9 A7 r0 A
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
0 h$ I" p2 d* E6 ^. U$ k" o) c6 @7 pJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
( o! ?3 Q7 n9 W1 Q) v" aDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
9 ]+ a2 A Z2 i0 o0 oTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
. w! u* L% q, r' S- C" E; i& Eengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
- D+ ~ ]1 K1 d+ V. z. m: zonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific3 t# `. H; ]' ^
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly: t$ ?. J. D6 X& v
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
3 O1 j/ t9 z7 [( t; J: \translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s! P8 A3 V T4 C$ t" q' O/ e% Z, Z
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
/ M$ C$ b1 | s% ]and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
9 R$ y; Z6 h, Y, m: H" i n9 t( Nstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
# ]) F9 R5 X' h( r: d+ Lin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
! d. I8 u" F @! B f' {5 F2 x# bhe established had helped greatly with the popularization6 V4 [, e4 |3 k( W
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
+ s. U7 @+ B ?5 ^, f0 f: }" |the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way4 y% {* z, c5 |9 `: `- p$ h/ r
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
7 r5 r/ n$ _& N& O! y% }that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
Y: Y. f3 q: _5 C" B4 O2 j* ^great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific( |, }& O7 v7 j4 f2 G
terminology.
* ~. P5 c& x; m4 g6 cKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
( Z$ J' o/ n2 H& {Standardization of terminology translation
' k1 R$ Z9 }( h% s' C# r* z9 w3 l; M3 D+ mYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
4 t" b9 w% I' l5 [Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern# s" _ {! f# z
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available7 P5 }6 S& k6 ^; Y- R! f+ l/ B
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213$ M8 j) g& e9 T, I/ t' y
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102135 j) n6 w7 Z: _
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( H! p: ], u w& GINTRODUCTION
, x5 [8 H" x4 ?John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
. A/ A% c0 q8 C6 V8 ]; n, ia great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).; F. i1 t# \1 s) R( N
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
, r5 m1 [8 ~7 IHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of% {+ J& e& r+ B* m7 V
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed/ [3 w0 x, P9 N. {- T
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as! v% g9 ^$ f" X. N) J) V7 Q5 q
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on/ q: S6 L0 w9 I8 Z
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-( ~: v0 p, u. m' w/ F/ j
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
/ V2 h1 U m8 N# v% xworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,: ? C: x6 U: z& D& m$ ?
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.+ s# Z6 v2 t, M: ~2 e
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
8 c! x3 V) Y" o# D) {to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
* D! V+ J1 T% N- p ]( owould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,5 v1 K: F3 l h
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
9 X9 S% B1 w. P" I8 iFryer translated more than one hundred of Western# \6 n1 w! F! Q: A7 {, Z. |
books that made him the most productive one among the
; T5 u, e3 F0 s4 oforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
/ y) b6 m u# g. m! M3 Y0 C7 `/ n; rtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a7 t6 m/ M6 B: O; ^
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
$ I- ]- a7 B% E; speople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).+ q7 g; s) t: r3 g
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
& F; x5 d& t7 W- A: Balso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western% f5 z9 L) Y; r7 b4 D
science and the standardization of translated scientific# I0 X' O# Q Z
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific6 c5 P4 u3 a! W2 P+ L( A
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the1 T) G- J5 U; H' T9 c1 ^5 a6 r
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another) v5 j5 G' `' B8 C# }
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series9 [% Z. F |6 U8 b% t
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in1 ^$ U5 @3 P2 s
Modern China.( b! [$ J1 E6 i8 K* q) O2 i+ A
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
+ y0 e9 Q# j. M! b7 k* B tThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
% g6 D2 g. ]$ s6 btravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
8 B# Y2 h- [) T c& O* Va lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In* W! r9 S6 Q! |
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
1 x* T8 v. I& i0 qTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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