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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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E# U1 `8 r. B) M9 k! ?http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
5 }3 j' d3 Y: B: H4 p0 a- m) pYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of* q1 q6 q: N8 L; M( D; f
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
, S( t1 A, ~8 _) j9 g9 V; j% u y* |5 Y1 E0 E3 @8 I
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
* E, X5 ?; u# Q9 I, K3 H4 YFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.5 N0 P4 C; g# ^! U
1 s ?& u# p1 T7 r M( I# b7 ]Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
1 @6 Q6 i2 A0 P! ^7 ~( K( `' EReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018% a. V, O$ @$ O( L
Published online 26 January 2018$ B6 w4 _% b- e% d3 C7 r' r
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Abstract
$ } {- _) ?8 h' [) iJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
# s* n. O) c2 B( [, v; l3 w9 dDynasty who came to China and was employed by The3 M& M& D* P& W/ L
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been4 b/ L$ }8 r; T6 m; t# @4 @
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
1 A2 T6 _! b4 Q4 ]1 x1 Monly having translated a great deal of Western scientific% h/ C+ B+ e [* l: _ V
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
9 ^* D/ ~6 f* zto the standardization of the scientific terminology/ S) L _/ ]! A$ `3 o
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
' n6 h( z9 _* Q9 N: cscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,7 k3 b* d' {: P$ n
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the7 l0 }8 d; z6 Q
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
2 a1 {7 b# d# w+ zin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
7 n4 V; _9 B0 B6 ?3 bhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
. k# n7 @1 E! a0 ?+ v% H6 A' Yof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
9 s# p/ }* R- O! C. Q; v' cthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way* W8 M6 b q* _/ H1 B5 F
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
8 ?5 d I' d: `3 `' Hthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a3 m6 `/ m2 c3 G* B' ]
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
% g1 p# o3 J& c, Tterminology.! I/ U* [" R0 H3 g, ^0 Y8 M
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;3 H1 F: f& o5 ?, U# v$ {$ B7 f
Standardization of terminology translation: V, H3 f# M* F! Z$ I+ e% O4 y4 ^& y
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to2 E2 i& [7 ^2 g1 l: ?0 m+ O: @
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern' d5 S2 R3 r) v6 ^7 Y9 b& Y
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available+ @7 g& s4 W; s, N/ k: ]* {% w
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102134 U2 L& _( }5 S
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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5 m- D; Q g( K" vINTRODUCTION4 S' e$ G; ?9 x* v, k
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and1 z/ k7 E6 \( ^# ?
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).9 l- ?2 d6 w2 _ e; C
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
) {0 H% d: r% p* k' F& E! ZHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
0 z& X% t: H8 N$ ISt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed# ?0 ]+ f; ~. C' H) K ?
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as" `; h; r( c! L4 _2 Q! k5 q
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
3 L O! S2 R5 N3 `! z/ P3 `his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-1 k9 o: K0 J4 y, U! z% n
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific$ }! D$ g& w% {+ e! S6 t% g# Y
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,: B; a0 X' ]$ H) w
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
/ ?% }4 X0 L. [Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated8 l# _+ Q5 C; P- c; w K
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
; v0 {6 a/ E% L4 R$ |( ]would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,( F" [* i; H' j8 m
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,# R6 D5 z# D5 w; l/ r) o. G
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western+ F- Z& L9 z/ W r4 Z
books that made him the most productive one among the2 b9 b+ {3 p& G1 S
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
, j! F/ G3 n/ W7 ]translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a5 r6 N' K- S. e+ K- W
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
- y, S! P% p# D) dpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).4 q) V7 {! O5 ?
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
4 z- r, Y8 m9 k5 Y' v+ X, zalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
8 S! ~8 ^5 \+ F! l/ uscience and the standardization of translated scientific4 s+ P [) d+ C4 b
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific. E1 C3 B+ e( A# |
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the& U6 }5 H; P& K& q
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
& w' Y3 w4 R& wcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series9 ]' i f, \) r
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in4 P7 @% x1 a+ A5 I, @1 I9 J7 h
Modern China.% s% T# G$ E# O, s X! H
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
6 b. F. L6 b+ i! e h- SThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of y; ?# G. [7 x1 d3 b0 S
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing+ b; R. H) E6 s: W: Y7 V4 h. _, \1 ]
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
. H6 H. w) n0 J+ }5 mJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
. i4 K2 @0 M: t% |, uTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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