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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106885 g: t: |! @3 L
" O( a% [) o5 R3 a a: jJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
; B( [9 U$ G* ~YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
4 f9 w' H: p" Y' {' F: l/ }8 ?% cFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China./ ^; J3 A9 H1 ]5 V" x
; g' Y/ ?) H# \8 H( f% ^; q/ `4 ILI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
# @0 X& E& n0 I' F7 RFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
% j- I- s) e7 P3 B. ^! H( T) d/ S4 F9 A9 B: i1 J
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
; D$ h+ S- R0 I, l0 n P2 z; s4 `! M7 ?Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
$ Y2 x; n- A- o2 M- NPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract* c0 y0 m+ g0 |4 f4 M% b
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
) O* F+ {6 o# ^$ P! eDynasty who came to China and was employed by The( D) a0 G7 L2 x& z. H* P
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been( g: v, k0 b6 s0 U3 q% F
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
: X6 B5 n3 t1 konly having translated a great deal of Western scientific% y$ a' z6 H3 I2 l, w" h e3 I
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly# l8 u1 s& w* U/ N: I: T/ }
to the standardization of the scientific terminology+ j) n* {" Y4 G% b
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s; m* T d* R6 r) q; [1 u
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,3 M% s/ }: F) M0 z) ?8 Q
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the: J1 O- P+ \- ]* ]
standardization of the scientific terminology translation# z8 A y7 R! E" F$ i
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien @5 W- w, O1 ], A* T3 g+ ~
he established had helped greatly with the popularization* A* O) H% ~/ w! d
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
1 { G) ~% J8 ^the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
# i; p, W& e" L* I5 {4 ]* b# Ofor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and/ k$ P( d2 f5 }8 |5 V* d, [) D
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a8 Z8 h: f# Q- W( f$ q
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific$ r/ l: p; ]8 f0 t6 b# X/ W9 d
terminology.3 [. G! ^/ g \+ Y* _0 Q- z! B" {
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
* M9 r! p. @8 UStandardization of terminology translation# a7 v: h# G) W) }1 o" C
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
' @ Z4 ?1 G& b1 NStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern: s+ b- J) d" D2 m$ w F0 t9 ]/ W6 S4 O
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
9 D7 U& B/ X* m; r$ R$ rfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213. o5 s- E7 a0 ^. X- N {9 m, |9 u
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213* t+ V+ n" B* ]% H( `
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% L# U6 q, }+ O5 g9 F" SINTRODUCTION
+ A: i2 Q6 N/ s- x8 CJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and' ^3 k. b. h( k4 `
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).7 }: E# N5 @" E/ L# b' K
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to7 W8 R3 ^6 c) M. ^( K3 ~/ r
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
7 ] O2 f6 L5 p: e5 o+ W$ LSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed) \& I. E0 e. L/ f
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as; { t3 Z& F; J+ f6 x$ y
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on3 ^; r2 e @+ P. z9 ]1 P
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
# p) K, P9 y& _- m! Y" R1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
: W1 Q( P" E/ b. \2 L5 w6 \works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
9 {& r7 }/ h \0 v1 `Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
: A4 V7 Q5 r' e: _* FNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
, N* l) b8 T9 F. t0 E- oto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant9 f# ~7 R* g7 O' U7 u
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
8 \ `3 Z0 A5 ?revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,3 M$ j) \; v; Q. k
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
: W# S9 t! Z9 E$ ~0 c; I/ Z3 Mbooks that made him the most productive one among the: Y4 }" ~4 m. L8 D5 ^! p* |
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
, y, C. B5 y' I, b* A! otranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
0 _- E# N7 `$ v6 unoble work which could help accelerate the process of
' i2 r; d% c4 J; S p+ V* w9 Zpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
% E2 ]1 M# [% a1 w$ u' g; QIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
1 E; _4 t) u( z8 g& M( Salso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western# Y0 F2 \7 N8 K# d1 G, v5 J; {
science and the standardization of translated scientific T' |5 V7 D( @0 h2 K
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
/ Y# Z8 \7 [4 \/ x; nmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
2 X6 N9 z( ^) u5 O5 cestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
/ b0 ^4 K& [2 L; `, s! X0 Hcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series+ j" f6 p2 _# |! @ `0 Q1 I
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in+ o" Z( w+ m9 `# G& F
Modern China.
8 H% ]' l+ d% U: _5 O' }" \4 ^1 YAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
" ?2 @! R4 v1 T) q2 M, LThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of( O! x2 Y% Q- p4 E6 _ `4 j
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing, E8 Z* f6 R0 B3 p& G: l& U4 R
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
7 ^$ } i" L2 LJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
v0 H7 R- n8 p; P/ }Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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