 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
How to figure a home's fundamental value) k6 Y2 i! y: p k
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
( x- j* T' @& g; a% P! ^% I
% x9 P O; [" M) N8 }Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
. p9 g! b% e6 l) c: \# g: Q- [, D) S( S
Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
, A7 J g$ O# a: j; ~' P1 `4 A8 ]: B
To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:- X T: \8 B a
! V, m: C ^' H
+ X U+ m. A; VIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
8 L7 M9 o! o' q3 ?; V' V8 I' S( a: P- ?8 l8 [* n
San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
( n) J! j" {8 d) P0 J+ m2 BSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
( Z4 N c! i- t7 ^( Y1 u/ m- s) G7 DNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
3 @/ r' D+ I$ SYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
. _- y7 }& z, ^5 I6 z4 I* |0 B# a' f8 ^1 G
If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.3 H2 y- y! v V# v
/ I* P8 U5 M1 _& I
If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.% s% _, m8 {5 ]
5 c" I: I/ m6 V# k- q. w6 h- @ Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
# P! F" d; H. @4 r Avg. 1988-2000 2001
7 k7 G1 G; _9 SBoston 20.5 30.2
! x5 s( P9 P: i; ISan Diego 22.8 29.7
1 u1 v7 W7 i! b% ^% s jSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
, D. h8 E' c* |, ?# |! yLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 2 e3 u; B7 D8 ^$ K$ L+ B
Seattle 20.4 25
$ b4 p7 w( C" a0 B0 q) cDenver 17.7 23.7 7 n* u( a" x3 h, c( X
New York 21.2 22.5 : h# {& ^/ c2 a n1 d7 f
Chicago 17.2 20.8 , v7 J9 d. c; Q$ P
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 * I9 L, j! V0 V; e+ d2 K' z
6 Y4 U) D& L- V9 \4 S# ?* L
8 C. ?) m3 i$ T: v! J
+ v; q6 U" S F n; V. j. LIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
, a/ N3 Q: }8 M# s
3 r/ ^6 a; N7 \% k4 n. P' o$ D9 o5 W3 W6 L* q' d
From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
|