| 
  鲜花(0 )   鸡蛋(0 ) | 
 
| How to figure a home's fundamental value ! Z8 U" d3 W3 E$ R4 o# m- c8 I, F6 mLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
 9 C* ?' s7 D! c. q% \3 F% j7 u
 1 ]# M' J# r, Y: nNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
 ; b8 k5 a; w& n9 q0 E5 n/ ~( x  Y) T! O# S. S, K2 Z+ i' b
 Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently./ y5 `1 S* N# c, T! K& j! ~5 \
 
 * I9 w8 ]/ Z' I; _1 {To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
 - W6 {& F# O2 C$ A6 {9 I2 X2 g; h0 R
 
 " e% k7 u1 U4 d8 w" T4 nIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.' v3 I5 p0 z3 q. y, d
 & K  w; `3 f9 Z; P2 a: [7 X5 n7 j
 San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.# I  f% N7 {$ V" ~3 l
 San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.  c  a6 u! A# W
 New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
 . |6 b% ?: b$ v7 z( `6 p+ zYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
 ' F& Q8 o: l# F
 3 M  ~  {$ c" J. p) r& }* ~If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.1 i0 Y3 _: \7 r# X: [
 + ^( S0 m$ [' y3 e+ t6 Q
 If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
 : }; T' L* _+ t: L& d8 p1 b. Y3 a) ^& W3 Z2 z$ b1 i
 Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
 - r5 s8 H' Y4 f0 M" F. h Avg. 1988-2000 2001
 & f  ~8 D5 Y5 f, C: l9 UBoston  20.5 30.2 , _/ k* a- P2 J' Q( D! {
 San Diego  22.8 29.7 . @0 {+ \4 v4 L6 T
 San Francisco  23.8 27.2
 2 H4 @1 ]1 Z- [4 o: ~" I6 v9 QLos Angeles  21.3 25.6
 ) d0 U" {6 {$ |7 ?9 q) I: Z- M6 WSeattle  20.4 25 6 [# e  R2 W/ k) ~0 x
 Denver  17.7 23.7 ; h0 e$ J9 q6 q
 New York  21.2 22.5
 ; D$ L! s2 L+ ^- _9 p9 O4 R8 B% pChicago  17.2 20.8 6 \- k3 ]. ]8 j* n7 _& o
 Washington, D.C.  17.1 20.4
 4 @5 @  W3 f' Z! w8 j8 f& p , u: X2 g  i( ~$ t" ?
 
 ! U. s9 c4 I4 C4 r
 + R& o2 }! l! vIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
 2 B  O, [! W* D5 U$ a2 g- @# N4 R( ^0 c
 3 k9 T4 Z! ]* @, \5 x- h
 From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp
 | 
 |