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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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; o2 h: n1 L% r5 s1 G在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯) u" s3 Q$ u' m" h( n9 X3 h: F" P
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。. {% u( n8 t  U7 \
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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, w3 J" |: B: n9 G(1) empty suit:
0 ?3 `  |9 @" F0 O$ R指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
% X/ a( K7 B; v4 x" n  t+ [" u(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。): k* r3 x! \# h8 H
例如:
! q; D/ A' w- EAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.9 l. n% c* E$ d4 D
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)3 Z* X' I; N  K- ~9 f
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.: F: c, `) r; I, s' U' L: y
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
4 |- \9 r7 q9 N) f* C; w5 Q虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
$ e& t! B1 a( }3 ZThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits." s' l% h& j. h* u2 d  j3 [$ v
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人): ^9 u/ m* z* ~
(2) fair-haired boy:. W, U( S. S; \, ]; C
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
" m4 T( H# i8 X. }* N(通常用单数,当名词用)0 ~3 o* E) d4 V8 p
例如:: V, W; o) @# |9 [" V' R
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
& X" \4 H- @, p6 c8 m( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。), M8 r( I# ^" Q; K" L
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.  j3 i) ?  I6 M& O' L, X2 R
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
# V5 f* D' h, s- K- B有时也可用复数:
6 a# j# y# U4 a: ?! [; ]! p3 |7 F6 ^Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
; x6 b) ^3 p4 E5 T( o(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)- M* g+ X2 b0 K, G
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
5 \. q' C/ ~9 ]( N& l: X; @. z: |" W' z(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)7 M- h2 U7 c8 X0 |8 ?
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)8 ?; V) G$ ?" v
(3) fishing expedition:
( s, X( t; P$ B" a6 C' R! d/ r为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)) N; N. `+ k$ D1 C6 A$ R
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)! I$ S2 Y3 y$ W; U" M
例如:
1 A/ |% m  W* y7 U! l- P9 D' dThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
1 {6 h0 b( w  O( M0 T(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)9 |1 }6 F9 ~. |& o- e
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case., L! t! k' P% w3 y" o. Z1 T0 L
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)4 l: w0 X9 y8 t5 C* ^
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
; q. F6 U" C' S$ S2 AThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.8 I0 i' o0 w1 t) F' i& j
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
+ ]# ?' y6 a$ `$ M偶尔也有人用复数:
7 ~+ H- ]  K- \, p' M* A3 D& ~Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
% Q3 `( j9 r( R, R, T* H(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)7 n. O' C. X# o) S4 q# m
(4) filthy rich:
" i4 Q5 {4 n. J8 v9 W( ~意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)$ J$ D: x0 n8 k: i8 {
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
" e, M2 G1 {; D( H9 {多半当形容词用。例如:
6 X3 {* b2 @: d) L) H  n) XWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.$ V0 n9 e5 b0 P- x8 y* z9 S
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
5 e7 C7 G( L9 hDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
1 T' Z, D' F* s3 ]% p2 y9 k/ v(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)9 A' |. o# u% \! Y; ]- I
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
1 B' k, K$ \1 U. X(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)1 [! w& M& f" ^( a% Z' I
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.4 W' h! \2 N+ U% l3 F! N
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)# e$ N! A& [6 V8 @  h- V
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
  x* k6 C$ \& O7 n(5) fairy godmother:
4 ]* D: W. \$ g9 _5 {$ D; L指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
* R: i+ M& h# H) Q& h3 s* j& x7 c(多半指有钱的女人)6 ~% f; Y4 P9 `
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:5 Z7 {+ \2 t9 B* {! ~6 P3 A
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
5 W0 ~. q3 P) r% x(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
% V$ c. S! `; D5 p% U* UAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.+ ~; f7 @/ a/ x$ g; ?
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。). ?$ n8 U  t  s
有时也用复数:5 g1 Y5 c: b% q4 A6 Y) Q9 k
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.3 n: S: e  S' Z' s2 w! c, D" i
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)! x/ Y2 w# S5 V
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
6 O5 @9 Y5 Z* H& j/ p(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:
9 B" a, n$ [% t0 O指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
& A1 o/ e7 h3 L4 k* D; @6 B) {(当名词用;通常只用单数)* v! |; l; K; p/ y
例如:
6 O. k; b* T! ^Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.' R  A7 T& d4 H
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)" _1 j# @) p" M' B! n( i# {
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.) P/ y; n& C# K2 g# \1 F, U
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
2 C9 G$ C0 E% c* QThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
( R7 E; P; E1 g! m6 F(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)5 H: ^- i, z+ ]6 |% l! q3 [* Z
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.( w9 P+ C8 T  X8 v5 e& O" |, f
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)4 B, i8 F0 O) D
(7) hot dog:
6 x9 o* D; ^& G8 f  R指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
9 g! T7 X( M" n" E- {5 v例如:5 g1 D' a4 [% e9 ~. c2 G8 l8 X1 U) d
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time., j! q  P* Z5 h9 U6 Z, N
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
9 A* M4 M/ G2 x3 F! W8 o(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
& F' [. ^; {) VIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.) o) T% V6 }# r4 k' [
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
, Y* m' d! ^# ~  _5 f(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)6 |  j% o9 ]! @# H9 q
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer." b8 [- [2 o! q, ]. V
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)! T8 P9 X3 y' v( T+ m) G' P; K/ ~1 L
也指真正的热狗食物:
8 L7 P5 {5 D' m3 y' t1 NThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.' l5 @" r" m/ x. Y
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。). i$ M3 ?: Z. Q* b
也可表达欣赏的心情:
: m( f% Q$ P; M# E# U- |Hot dog ! What great news for me.# J. \: n3 K+ X0 Z* K' ^$ G
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)8 ]1 m. R- f$ `& t' g; N' \
(8)eager beaver:
0 T8 D% @) H' l8 n+ U指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)0 z% o! t# {2 Z" P8 k% R" }4 D
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
, v' l. {; u: K(当名词用,可指男女)6 @% J: w: E  T  e) j
例如:
- [( G0 @+ F. |John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
9 W, ?* C& y0 T) [(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
( j! Y8 l. G; D' F, Z  rBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
5 Y( q( Y7 d# }0 z! y$ W; T- z# u: b(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
1 R, l% N' a4 k' U& Z+ v- E" Y- MDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
4 D1 `& Y6 S6 g$ S, Y/ M(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
1 y4 e% w# ]& _1 h9 G  m+ H1 MYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.$ {" X4 k' W' e9 x+ I. A- R
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
- R% c( I( `7 y(9)doubting Thomas:, C5 |2 |8 h" C! q# P
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)( R; a3 I7 t! N8 P& \% U: C
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
$ \' f  k$ `; ^4 g/ Q(当名词用)
$ f# R0 o$ L+ h$ W例如:
: M4 D* {5 w8 P0 `, A9 B. FI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise., P0 Q  U- x+ V
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)# r& F: B+ v, i0 i7 v- |
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.6 |$ Q, k' X2 {% _! g
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)7 E; ]$ O( w! f7 v# u, r, U
也可用复数:9 b5 @7 q# M- ^( W9 ]0 s" w6 |9 J' j2 R
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.$ p2 l% k' K$ u, Q$ U
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)8 L& y4 E1 C) L/ S- f. |* b8 r* S
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
8 ?! }! D# Y. k" H. O0 y% g(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
: O9 K1 R+ Z  n( D$ E* X! N(10)dragon lady:: @2 \1 a" z, n4 C$ q" Q8 j) @
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
) Y6 o0 K' S1 }0 _" u" h1 i% f例如:( X$ g# n2 x1 j
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.: P9 ]) y" l0 e; y: x
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
" d+ R% k: S7 i6 G4 l2 R+ A, ~- ?& ?I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
) W  j8 d" j( u$ h+ z- p# e" V; o: q(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)$ y8 M$ T9 \+ O( n( ^
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
; u! A. y2 a# V(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)/ h9 c0 L* c# r$ `; C% ~* `: k7 E
也可用复数:
2 m  s# `5 L9 w) G4 q4 H6 ~2 pThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.0 B( w( u+ j) C# v
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)5 `; m6 }! D, }
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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