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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语; ?- @) @$ {/ @- k2 Y' w
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯: p, N; `+ s3 s: M9 C" d
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。* c  w9 r) q& p: _5 b
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!8 d% c3 x: `0 A5 T' [
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(1) empty suit:) k* N5 H/ E7 f8 a7 {" n
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。6 ~. u" \9 d& G4 F1 J
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
; y, Q% \0 b1 y; \; z  a; v例如:
$ M1 k5 `1 s$ R2 S7 WAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.! a6 Q9 e" W2 z1 ^- t) B
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
6 z& i& i1 w2 O8 ]" t) KMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit./ e+ y+ P* y- T
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
) k8 U  r; D( M5 l! R虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:6 l9 }$ t* z3 R/ u
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
6 E& l6 s9 I+ e: G6 U(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)' y/ L5 }6 {5 ~
(2) fair-haired boy:% P, d2 Y( K: M. }& r! h8 ]
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
: B& x/ s3 s; p  a. t1 s) n(通常用单数,当名词用)7 x! N- g; a1 j
例如:& _2 j* V3 e+ {* G
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.8 Y1 {; g/ r* K0 o
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
) k+ z: D% y, ]3 |  P) pNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
; R4 k, n$ E1 O# o0 u(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
5 S4 T) E0 G( y6 _. v: L4 j有时也可用复数:
' z" ^7 Q3 f5 ?; s5 MMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet." u6 q( \9 H* ^& U- Z. C# p+ c
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
4 y% a0 `6 p. t, P; c/ r' |Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
# g1 j- ]  D" G) A" n" j2 H(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)8 I- e2 B4 C  I" V8 Y" @
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
( s6 {) D' U% t, y(3) fishing expedition:
, ?3 k7 ^- K3 s# B0 C/ u为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
3 _. C1 ^; O$ M# e' r. G(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)) B; m" J, J2 ?4 T0 ^  ]+ m
例如:
' n8 F3 t) F3 a6 ?8 p5 ?$ nThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.& F/ R  `$ p) a( ^0 Y8 B; I. G8 g
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
4 G5 I0 N% p: n7 xThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.) Z( @" _# g- c% @* Q8 b
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
$ D+ `+ o: M% |- w: @2 l+ k(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict); Z* q+ `- T1 V! s
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.3 n; c8 W! B8 D* ]
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
7 _# Q- M5 Z% v' O偶尔也有人用复数:6 T' f" ^8 ^3 O4 c0 a# |  ]/ M; Q
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
1 j, I+ K3 j# l( V) Z1 ?3 I(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)/ |4 u6 X2 G; n, K, u1 f1 o
(4) filthy rich:
% r: {" B; h7 n) d" [; d( @# D意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
( R% e  C1 n  @4 Q9 b(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)+ s( z, h- _* C% I% Q5 r
多半当形容词用。例如:
& @1 T! |, N. H5 A5 j: N- PWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.+ b' v8 O% C& G+ g/ ?
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。). Z4 q$ H% ?/ M" }  h7 v1 Q
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.7 n, O3 o, e. Y1 r: W$ b5 E
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)1 i# D, I% C8 ?* X1 l
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
' \) ]- A' i+ ~(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)5 C8 |5 T4 P5 d; s; T  n  t
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
2 k: N# N: u( t: C( H! D# j; I(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。), ~( N9 v3 v% X+ `9 b
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)' s% m% }2 M8 s1 ?. q
(5) fairy godmother:- V6 b1 h7 X8 g3 V
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)3 e& I. A5 c  {, i) A7 B5 I$ z. T8 r
(多半指有钱的女人)
6 Q( I/ Q8 u5 ~, E( i3 }# r7 A(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
! O: U, J- [, ?- B2 bMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.: m7 k6 I" G. A8 `' H
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
! N) D( A! [% d8 H0 LAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.& h( J! J3 N0 F& O1 |- u9 q2 U- d' r
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)3 v! Z" Z! a6 h2 H) h9 h
有时也用复数:
0 z, t2 g2 l) s0 c) O' JOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
, K3 n9 S$ j' R5 }& X1 [(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 D" z- ^# Z2 g, P3 z5 q/ OIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
* U( O) f  R5 ~5 h(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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$ l; Q1 E, }6 d# y% f8 @, t6)eye opener:
) O  ~' p  g! Z7 ]  p) P% L+ F指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
& p" L3 g- a' R% U1 a5 V(当名词用;通常只用单数)
  o. F) H$ y8 g9 X. v* N9 j例如:
  l9 M) M+ U$ G9 ^- Q0 mYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.% [, W) R$ @0 w7 t- [' R
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)7 t/ i3 p" Q9 h" b" {  H; I
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.# p7 T* R' K* t! V" P3 {$ z  Q
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。). Q4 B1 H7 M) \  @' O3 e2 \
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
. x, V& V  ~5 _1 R' V' o; `(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
  O2 `7 K! u: P9 j7 nSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
9 i/ e& i* R+ s(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
7 y2 f/ A+ }- K- ]6 q& L/ R" U; q(7) hot dog:, t2 A+ E  ?) g# K9 b3 B
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)6 M( O3 M3 `: P
例如:: H: Q6 r: b- c# J7 `0 N
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.1 b, }% Z8 t$ h% m$ b; l
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)7 J: R  V2 M# V6 [
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)! B* t$ o+ j1 i3 x6 L+ [! \
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
- K4 V+ D* E' R9 Q: \% X9 g(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)' F) h( r1 \. ^4 z+ O
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)3 ^$ ^/ r- U0 Z+ b" s1 u
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.5 j: e3 t, T: n9 y
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)" u* Z# C% }2 C! a
也指真正的热狗食物:7 H- U5 v7 N( B" E4 W' R1 k+ A
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
  `' y% c$ D/ _(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)' z$ V& Q$ e2 M! S$ a/ M# w
也可表达欣赏的心情:2 Q6 G! N9 {- y+ q
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
; F8 o* e) {6 O# D(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
, z8 t- A  _5 b; b& E(8)eager beaver:
! l  t' h! u3 a+ t1 Q3 m6 }5 V指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others). Q( a0 e+ o1 }2 R* j- Y  ~
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
% l# B# z' R' H) m6 z3 z/ W) H(当名词用,可指男女)+ D' h% h/ |" ~) E1 c( b9 [
例如:
0 q, e' K/ `: C& f- z% u+ R9 oJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
3 }# q* {2 {! q$ x4 l: Z: t* U$ b(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。): w1 k6 w) T6 m7 e6 d( x; d" g6 b
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
2 y% s& ^, u4 o' M(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
. a, e% m$ C, D. h2 r  fDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
. V# M1 D. i% e  S8 T, |0 h9 }4 B(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
( u: i; h' n, W# v- y1 {You may find some eager beavers in any organizations./ t1 \6 e0 k* x: J
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
/ B+ Z6 v1 o+ t9 o. m( I(9)doubting Thomas:
7 }* b8 E) S. F7 ~这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)" t' C7 [& b8 P
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
# W( a- o* I' [/ _! y* x5 V(当名词用)' i- \; J4 m8 P6 X3 l. w3 C' i0 a
例如:
9 c& I4 P3 V0 y3 {; f# e% qI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.# ^) h4 w9 V- l( U( f$ v" V# d0 u
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)5 n% s3 l% D$ ~: }' k- ^
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.% O# z, ]$ B" D7 d
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)2 o6 y- H" o5 y* H( G3 K
也可用复数:
4 G0 X& [. I( u+ zMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
( j* _0 q' K. C& v% }$ ~(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)/ Z. y: ]* O0 I0 I5 e% T( b
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.; w0 E5 {3 k& ]
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
3 ]/ W# J" X2 F2 S7 ^(10)dragon lady:; L, [  C& C+ i. H- ^) u' j
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
$ ]" ]5 o- ?9 `/ q6 z例如:
0 Q) L# |3 ]/ g8 ^* qThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.1 c4 V( G& z. {
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)+ G9 I& P" ~4 e- g( G
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
( f3 U1 J6 X- G* ^6 e6 ^- v' Y+ z(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
- l$ p; M) }- b! m) c4 U7 vShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
8 J6 b- C! R+ k7 H& e4 }5 t(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
! c. S  o3 l8 i; J也可用复数:
, o! T, y# S" X. F9 A) {There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
' o8 `+ v& }) F  e(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
: ^( K+ r/ a/ o注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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