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谈英语俚语9 a- |$ O0 a3 T' D: Z
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; } m7 ^ Y2 \) ]0 ~: ^, F在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯" {1 a4 r6 W6 o! M2 t' \2 A
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。 u' O% z& o: l$ X, D
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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, r* I: c* q1 N(1) empty suit:, W2 B0 i" X9 Q$ V. \2 S5 Z
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。) p; ?3 i8 X% n) c
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)2 \7 ~! D0 x& G, B8 N
例如:* w0 Q5 I) I6 z$ m
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.% P: A" I- j; h, h4 `
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。). A0 A) F& `' v9 G
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.3 q6 p8 M P( v' H6 q
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。); i, y) C0 o$ T. q9 N
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
9 k9 K1 T W! X1 f" F. c1 |( T9 GThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
* f" g0 Q6 w2 W0 z3 Q(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
, X2 L7 }: P. {0 F! ^1 l(2) fair-haired boy:, ?7 D6 M9 v* Z) Z$ V% [6 q
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
6 w1 C5 F2 W# W! \(通常用单数,当名词用)7 J4 ~/ N f" V
例如:
" \' ^3 q! }3 bMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.& y) k8 z' K8 |# n
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
; Y$ {: u# _/ ZNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
. D0 k) _( G7 N) L(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
! V! T. W2 u0 @# v9 \6 h5 X( M有时也可用复数:# G/ ?- d W( w* k! \' W
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.5 g! Y* f y: L
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。): e, q$ o1 s1 s; }
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.* N4 C. r& G0 Z3 I; _: H9 k' b7 M
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
7 e: ^7 {) L% G7 F(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)3 n5 a& ~4 i1 \* v
(3) fishing expedition:" h& o$ ~7 P8 I3 X* ^) H
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)- h- F, ]0 ]& q
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)) U! Y7 p" j( M) Z
例如:
- l# i) f0 z# g+ C& nThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.$ P8 Q9 V8 O) k2 ^" [. u
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
5 N% s2 n8 ~! |7 w% \The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
5 p% N8 k: G1 x+ J* X(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
/ E' \3 t6 {& [6 H' O2 d7 I* Y(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict) [) |7 ~7 b$ b8 d$ ~ L) I
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.: {1 o3 y2 }: C" K7 C* i
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
4 _$ s# T7 l% U( a/ A+ U6 l( F* Q偶尔也有人用复数:* ^4 i0 W& X) |" X. M4 ]( M, z% R
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
5 P' {2 r6 y, m2 A% P8 J(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)6 X7 t& X% L! n9 G9 P$ s* m; k
(4) filthy rich:$ A' `& ]' n$ n, W( `$ [
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
; D+ h$ z) V1 g: l+ e4 [9 i(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
4 ?4 _/ M& w( y2 _多半当形容词用。例如:% @8 }4 M- S" C- v+ J
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
# B- i+ Z I- v: i+ V/ Y! [( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)" L! k8 U5 j( c! P5 M
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
9 \- e/ K% s0 _' }8 w7 n(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
5 S6 A9 T H m7 I3 Y! ^A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.! P/ Q0 U# A2 M1 D' j
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
0 Z1 L9 Z/ g6 z0 ?- K' M, {3 kFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
8 v) C5 _: p' K% Y% c8 U3 B% [(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
1 y- L' j( f6 E* A(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法) C: }5 ]- n6 h+ N( s
(5) fairy godmother:
8 h; G# d; P/ K3 p指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
0 `8 e9 R) U- {# Y, V. W; Q; ~(多半指有钱的女人)
. h9 h3 |' [# j8 O* P* q(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:; T4 k( D9 t# w' C+ K- m% @1 P
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
% N! y) u. |9 C$ k) R(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
4 v9 P( \: h" m" U6 G# GAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.5 [& b8 T) Z- e0 g# o
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)( B) E7 \. P7 b: U4 `$ ^# u! l
有时也用复数:
* @9 Z. k% B# P; qOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
7 R* a: f6 C6 u8 g% |(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
, `, _" X$ }% kIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
) _0 W& g% L+ f0 o(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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- P/ k4 M* A% v9 r6)eye opener:: |9 E! U6 m! A' v# a
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)8 [$ v$ i- v) E* E$ R) t
(当名词用;通常只用单数)9 R5 F) @3 w; D- n2 }+ H; Y5 t$ ^
例如:0 _0 F; n$ M; [# M! c
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
7 o4 a$ H+ a# k(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
! N' L7 u( w! K/ Y DMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
0 U5 m) R' Q3 m, u4 k9 I$ X! z3 Y(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
+ P2 y, x7 {' g+ x5 S/ ~0 X v! fThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
0 p5 y; p) ^- X$ z# Y, h(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
- I% n! b8 m" KSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
- [9 J3 H) ?2 Z1 T, Z. B q(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
5 T# Y9 L! X% N# F% j# x3 Y5 }(7) hot dog:
/ P* ?! i" W3 r4 Y- o指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)& F& h0 ]- t3 H4 x$ j z
例如:' p1 P2 J. g% N$ |1 y$ h
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
& }. I( |$ b! U" S" S8 I(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
! J& e+ R; a: O" @" A% x8 I5 _(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
' a/ h/ H6 A( dIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
. w, A" V; I9 p" r(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
- w9 ~/ \2 ^) y% A' s ~( n(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)/ |& {5 F. X: @- ^$ J
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
) P7 `( O9 K Y8 p& ^; T(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
) i! }% y7 Q+ z$ m. m' g也指真正的热狗食物:
0 k Y# r( m6 U9 P& UThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.6 }9 `4 T: K8 ]9 Z
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
+ [6 H! d2 L+ I1 ?/ ?" b也可表达欣赏的心情: f, F' E2 r! P9 D% u
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
5 F5 h4 _) q7 ^(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
& Y; }) y) r" f(8)eager beaver:
4 f( ?9 N# m) c' f2 m指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others), \2 P" E& @# }. ~8 U
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
9 T: u; a7 R8 F/ E/ i' v% L6 w9 a, K(当名词用,可指男女)" r+ A# r6 d6 q5 d
例如:% Q; T5 l1 i T% g
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.# B- q! v7 Y' S# V* e& s
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
Z/ t2 Q, ^+ uBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
8 T# K- o% }2 Q0 v6 x; o& B(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
9 L9 _+ l8 m7 Z1 s- ^3 s M, lDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
$ ~; t0 R, q" v W4 C(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
3 W( u, p. G$ uYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.) w: `0 Q; y, |$ ~
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)1 V; P4 n& T, Y( Y
(9)doubting Thomas:) L; L" K: M5 |
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)# o* n) H& b6 e$ c$ ~- J* A
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)+ q7 T9 B' B9 y4 C
(当名词用)% b$ L t$ ^1 W* f; B' X0 b$ l
例如:: d& `; S# _3 f# j$ _
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.) ~- D/ ^8 W% v3 T! `4 D& _
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)7 J( g" Q! s5 b- y7 @
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas." O8 b w' u- b* A
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)4 b( K/ M6 p/ v* u& m2 t8 h" Z
也可用复数:
8 q" B9 r4 t7 v: KMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people. @ i( R, L# b( U+ I: c) z
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。). t" [7 J" n5 c- R y- [
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.3 ?6 [- {0 X c7 s, Z' u
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
2 M: o( |+ { S0 e, k(10)dragon lady:) [" {. |# [7 h9 Z$ X5 R& K
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)2 [* k( p: ]% P. q
例如:
0 K1 i4 I( C3 f7 c1 IThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
- _ G- G3 I# \# J(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
) T7 M$ [- y. b% c2 kI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.! n: ^- l% y. e/ |$ x
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。). q+ x5 S! Q* C6 e# C( Q
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?* Y( h/ O5 U; U) d2 g- ]& |
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)% L; d* h/ @4 [0 @6 U3 }
也可用复数:8 n* L0 n( C. l% W8 u
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.! n, T; N L, R B" M- a2 {3 p4 f
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。) o% E- P5 |: l* I4 Y1 N7 c
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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