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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
, c7 A, b$ q7 y" T, ~之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。( T9 z$ q( B, J
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
( w% A1 Q' [6 a! Q指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。# f G5 d! {9 \) P' ?
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
+ N, x4 V3 j! \/ i5 D例如:. W' `6 W& S1 Y. w" E) [) m
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.$ ~; R$ i/ s$ ]+ f4 o0 Y
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)) x* R% ]% k* C1 O
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.+ m9 s) p! [) T; G
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
d' g5 E- X# m5 e虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数: h* h# w8 I0 B6 @# V
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
0 J8 m2 G0 v F7 E; _(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)9 I7 w% h( @ U
(2) fair-haired boy:) P6 l+ x. N0 r0 R( z( r
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)0 \' ]9 T9 x, H1 E4 R6 [
(通常用单数,当名词用)
7 c9 T, j3 Q% D* E$ K% H例如:/ d, n4 M, }( P6 o8 i
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
3 Y8 T H( N. V; R9 d" v( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)9 `/ P' H7 T" |+ J, x
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.9 y, W' Q" j3 m
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
2 R4 I- s1 H9 O有时也可用复数:
$ e: O0 [# y; `& \) Q( M) YMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.5 \ c! z( [0 D; g
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)6 e7 J$ p$ h" |5 g) c
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
1 }3 G2 S, I* {$ f+ H/ ~(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
; h5 ^7 X( ^6 D* `(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)& P4 U% l, Z# ]; W/ B; x6 s
(3) fishing expedition:
" m/ V2 j G8 Z0 t) H% J; w为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)5 l) z$ T# }, X3 o0 n- s- G
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
5 E) b# K( V% t1 j8 U0 Z例如:* }- |3 Z) s; ?; j5 ~* B8 \
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.8 E* K# t% V! A: b0 ^) ^
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
$ @: \- u: @6 RThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
. K& Z8 w9 a# A! w% S4 P(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
- a2 [: R2 n9 Q; p; c* b* I(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict). A {) v0 ^3 r" ^7 ^' J( Z( z+ ^1 D
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
; R( q1 j2 D4 |8 T' E, P(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
1 j9 v% ~) U2 x/ G2 J偶尔也有人用复数:
# g" D; R6 _: TSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.2 S5 g7 b& o& O. {; D
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
1 n9 I3 w# `8 T/ J7 D; I(4) filthy rich:
/ o4 G+ V. C( Z8 V* c( f意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
6 V2 x( Q1 N1 J7 i" f(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)/ e5 U3 X7 O$ f; E, x4 }
多半当形容词用。例如:
3 u, v# v' q) ~$ d/ `( JWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
( d' w4 }# {3 W+ ?7 A( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)+ ], O% H0 g- k/ v5 \3 d0 n
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
- g" K& y' s/ l# M(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)3 S7 b; z9 `2 v% H) p& v* g" d7 _
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.+ B. i5 i# R- q+ i! f7 y
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)& V. `+ e! O# c# z5 Y5 }
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
. Y1 w8 t: U: f6 ~5 ~(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。): y. R7 N4 A1 e O: E# H- A, _
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
* J5 Z3 r1 M J8 M2 i(5) fairy godmother:2 C+ h. r) V5 @9 U
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
8 A4 p" N, p! l8 H(多半指有钱的女人)
: Y: K; H6 z9 U T(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
8 p( b+ O" P2 f. V$ bMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
4 y$ W# ?8 s' R, n4 a(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
0 a; k; r* Y( ]* Z. H( Z( oAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.1 S* `0 y6 P& w/ Y! ~# y2 Y
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
- e% C" P( B3 r7 g6 b/ I' {有时也用复数:9 B# H1 {5 ?" ?! C
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.4 o7 f# l% M6 a; e! G! k& q
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。), L" }8 d1 F' K) }0 ~* [/ `
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.1 [1 j: l8 q6 `# x" h
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)$ D9 n" t/ b' ]+ L/ M
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0 q: g" H% I/ R6)eye opener:9 m5 l! C+ F1 t( H
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)0 A) k& f1 D5 X$ s
(当名词用;通常只用单数) o* A8 \ H" @8 R
例如:
! G: C% T5 }+ l a+ QYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.& f5 L' D% _* c. D/ W) w
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
/ m0 q, V7 F- E+ ~. GMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
H- r0 B0 w8 M* k7 h(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)( R3 s+ D2 l, d. T: x! K
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.. P/ a1 I4 |5 m2 v
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)8 X2 W0 C' q1 H9 a9 T" |- ~
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.: z2 j" k. O1 p3 n2 p1 t7 C
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)- q4 x" G+ j6 {; C
(7) hot dog:6 |! h( C5 Z9 `/ h1 T4 A8 [7 T* {
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
5 v: a( q/ D( a7 M) T% r8 N$ \例如:
g* r( X8 J" G! f. B5 ~7 GSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
: Y8 e' a. t+ c/ P(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
, ]! k! R! Z8 c$ a- Y! Z4 F(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)! e4 K( m4 x( X/ G: c3 v. O0 m3 d
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
* U. y3 @' m1 l# o0 a: C! P(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)/ {. Q. `- N; r5 ?9 ~: m
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)0 R- }8 v" t# E1 K+ L$ }$ V
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.( [3 p ^- I# v! u6 X0 f/ u
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
$ j+ |/ Z! p) T7 ?也指真正的热狗食物:
( {! X& ^7 q" l7 ?: |4 {" T* kThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
7 B* e+ e' D7 ?. k5 {(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
9 E& ]3 H$ Y" u4 l也可表达欣赏的心情:
: X, T: N" T/ u' ]8 BHot dog ! What great news for me./ o9 q! k5 d0 E/ ]' S4 |
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
6 L' y) Q8 w* l1 [( \(8)eager beaver:
# h8 D: u' W3 V2 b& }1 @# |4 s指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
! B. H3 W* n- S o5 g) e# u(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
1 b* A7 }+ }+ e6 d9 b(当名词用,可指男女)/ [% [4 N# ~- g
例如:0 N8 J \# `3 ~, e4 j
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.4 e3 G X" T2 O7 B, X) D
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
# C5 J) X+ L L, q9 uBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
9 l/ q0 ?' l# L. p(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)+ Z6 @: l" x* N
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?: ?7 W: [% @) x( [5 B
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
$ V6 e& h6 N3 \: v* x( GYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.+ n5 z1 R# f1 i( j0 l5 r" w
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)7 e/ ~' `% k$ \, r0 S: r( d
(9)doubting Thomas:8 [; m, [. e: | D/ L4 p. b
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others); d) P7 Y- u# [& G, G
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
7 `9 o7 k8 z& h- y(当名词用)/ f* U" V' h* C
例如:& J: c( J5 ^0 d/ W( A0 `; Y/ R
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.* e1 r$ o3 A9 F" a
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
V9 W* s* Q$ h5 _% \, qThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.2 s* H+ Q# `. @6 U0 \/ e0 A1 T; }) D
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)( l! p8 R4 \/ k5 F! d3 V7 d
也可用复数:3 E: j* n- Z7 ]. P9 g
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
! k3 X* n* F. S' p2 L2 H(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
2 w( e# L7 j0 Q0 m$ g2 d0 q _If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.! C& l( F9 O6 H$ ?/ Q
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
+ m- ~9 K+ H- i& o5 A# F(10)dragon lady:
( Y8 ~' s& b$ W8 X* a U: n指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)6 f# Z$ j1 r* w/ @+ R" Z) i
例如:
6 b. b, o1 F+ H4 D, D* i$ EThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.) ~" Y1 j! I1 b( a
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
5 p: Q7 y6 P$ ~/ ]I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.) m3 D( j/ a t8 b3 Q, \% L4 m7 n
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)5 v/ e9 G3 ` P* D m! _
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?) D, u6 C7 _7 _) I' X4 N
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)2 z1 D; b4 D+ L- Z5 _
也可用复数:
' Q2 l9 V% K* K3 `- o8 q. OThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
/ l5 X( _% S8 E& o3 S1 H(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)& T* N% X6 o6 n- K
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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