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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语& {& r' w8 A$ t. E2 s
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
( l4 Y& l/ [/ h. S% g. Y之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。  B7 M! [; n- F4 F% H# V, I, m
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!( l/ P0 Q; W6 J/ r# W

4 \+ N0 S) _, }9 W" a5 Z(1) empty suit:, l( F3 E& A$ b& E
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
) Q! X5 |+ f7 X3 d0 d(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)  [0 X( Z- m, t: v/ I* s
例如:
: s/ \. X3 C( y5 S! O) q1 O7 g+ }7 GAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.+ I, q7 M  `7 X/ R8 w# V
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)  i5 ~* J& V, M, ], s
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
3 G' [0 I$ p# Q! \- K' d(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
. T; a" \( p5 J) s$ z" e虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
0 r8 `! |; z6 p- \% ~2 e) NThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.+ C$ e: b4 |. G/ Y
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
$ Y; h5 t( H8 R* }(2) fair-haired boy:& h( k8 P; [! p" E* K+ @
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
5 C1 b1 d' K9 e  c(通常用单数,当名词用)& x, [+ x: B0 Z; T9 }! w
例如:
: Z8 E2 j3 i! H/ Y  s- o4 jMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
. \# ^* V6 u, e/ _& @( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
; F2 g6 u& u0 ~' z/ ?2 bNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.$ w. K' t0 b& q
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
. |+ F' z8 L% E4 J* s; {: C: H+ n- E有时也可用复数:
/ C: c! f8 L& F. ?8 y0 a, S* [Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
3 U7 O2 h2 C' z4 m(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
9 }" c6 u3 S3 Z/ L9 w5 S/ Q& PFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
* }  |1 }# Q4 U5 |* A: g(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
4 G' ^- y) f. q(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)/ Q: c/ x0 `9 g. Y# l
(3) fishing expedition:
9 }2 r4 o) o% E, v2 ]' [为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
* F" a! N& p/ E(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
1 X1 M' L% J5 y9 f  p例如:
: I/ J) U2 j; T3 |' a, YThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
8 ]1 A$ |) G; D2 u+ X. {( K+ @(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
: o9 z/ @5 }0 i! B  d5 g2 n) X- PThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.! R; o) ]5 S; i3 C* x. M
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)% z# D, |. ^$ r# T- ^9 t! k  E
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
' s' Q' Z: u( p, k8 }. V- tThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.* Q; ]5 x1 O) r
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)* j* K+ Z) X; [% F9 ~
偶尔也有人用复数:
0 ^% Z  ]1 T" A  J0 q$ j+ _Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.1 c' \+ @8 R# w, g" W5 q* h
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
3 S% \* F' o& Y* B8 N0 U(4) filthy rich:  l2 C5 c7 p. v8 u
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)6 ?6 d+ u0 y8 _( h& q( b
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)% M6 k2 i( r; P
多半当形容词用。例如:5 g# }  T! T; A& w& C) u' Z3 F
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
/ |, ^- V9 h6 q! L% D; E' N( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)( ^2 k6 y* r  ], Y  K. }+ c& Q- F. U
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.1 H& u! }6 ?. p: d9 T
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
, J5 i1 V; K' t7 U9 EA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.3 `4 J8 s5 |1 d0 W
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
" f# o+ ^6 w# F$ A, F3 J5 X1 dFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
! ?# }; _- ]  o9 I9 j(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)" m7 ~3 E- S) L
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)0 d0 K$ b! q0 ]1 ^1 R% m7 M
(5) fairy godmother:; [/ q" O! R, B$ v& V1 r( }$ t5 N4 F
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
1 M" m0 u; H0 f" ](多半指有钱的女人)
# k+ c1 e; o. D(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
; K" @9 \. n% P4 z: y- yMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.  E# j6 @$ `( W" c# O2 b
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。), g: Z6 U+ R* s9 C" t% {# G
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.$ r; V( s/ |  r5 a: L! I1 E5 g
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
% Z) s0 o5 L4 e; B/ H有时也用复数:
. k7 o0 ?5 j3 J: z' tOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
9 S1 Y( o" G4 R' S! S* b(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
5 {8 ]: C' x0 E, S% C. x1 k7 {8 pIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
8 i8 k& W! E& E+ s(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:* V. e  D7 W' N) V: Y: v! O
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)4 E6 R9 g7 @7 M) ^" @$ L, A
(当名词用;通常只用单数)1 y% w' D# D5 ^1 P3 r/ K
例如:  M) W4 R; |! y- N! a
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
" w( o% I& s3 l4 \' y$ G4 E(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。), c1 Q- {$ {8 l- J. B
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.* e0 I* O0 W' l% P
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)+ R. \- o, e- J7 c
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.1 L& c8 @9 M1 m1 A; `
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
8 }% |& G: Z0 L& Z, ^Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
, v7 A( i- e7 f) e$ a( m1 N(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)+ B  t8 L& T" Q* _2 \) I" I
(7) hot dog:
& |9 C% b! m) B指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
) Q6 m9 W# G: H0 m. Y4 d2 i# p例如:
2 X3 K6 ?1 ~/ ?( l2 g* f! XSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.) f# v4 u+ l& ?9 T8 H
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
, M( [- X% B5 Z% }0 y1 }! T& T) l. e(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers), |0 _1 A: e+ i' a
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.5 j9 f: _! R- C+ B2 J
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)2 o& P! s$ S( x7 d6 K
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
8 r5 c* i+ f2 {0 ^# F. RDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
5 r8 J- U' `# z(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
7 d5 y) y* r+ j. i$ s6 t也指真正的热狗食物:' ^. m! h$ C. U7 j1 W5 W
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.( _/ A5 m! L# N0 B2 b
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
* N$ q5 f5 k9 \也可表达欣赏的心情:9 f+ s7 [$ f+ t
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
: f/ B8 {! K$ x2 k, y8 P; x" W(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
0 @  @7 Y8 s' ?- N; L(8)eager beaver:1 @) X0 o( Q3 y/ z/ w) K, b: ^! _9 `
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others), u$ T7 [* e! L( u; g: P% k
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
. a2 f: t% K$ v9 E& h& _(当名词用,可指男女)
. ^6 ~1 S+ m7 F' D例如:: U; k# Z8 n" p4 E
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.* r, g# a: b6 D1 a2 u
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
, w9 M4 R8 e+ h% lBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
' W9 m- P/ A" S" L% b(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)+ {$ {( [6 B: P4 s- x" s# A
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?. ^) u! X5 f" e8 z9 o' C  V& s& X/ E* B
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)6 V+ Q6 [$ ]5 x
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.4 p, M( O0 v( ^/ `
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)+ |/ I3 Z% K( }
(9)doubting Thomas:% J; k  C7 k. L0 W5 v  o* O
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
) u/ f+ z) p1 X' `( Z(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)% X. f4 T) g+ V
(当名词用)2 p; k# q# b+ j5 ]  Y0 p
例如:
% ]4 L# }) \0 m6 q6 N& ^I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.& M# k3 q, k5 P3 ?  ~# _% z6 u
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)6 O. N  p. t; i7 x) ]
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.8 B5 @7 f* s( m
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
' L$ l& G0 z- c+ C6 W' c8 o/ \也可用复数:& D, `  ~7 i9 X, {- T+ Y$ C
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.0 ^* V- w8 ]7 e
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)5 s0 E) S* z1 D! z
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.! X5 I( \6 B. @; v( m
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)2 P% V; U: V" u4 b4 V4 s0 U' F" ~
(10)dragon lady:
4 _* _& x0 G$ E- a指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
# \9 `. L8 e: F例如:
+ e4 @5 Y1 H% B7 i. p1 ^: eThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
' n+ _0 ?. l1 V3 O(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)7 ]7 p" u% X: `; E7 ]- q2 |4 V
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.% V$ V: ~/ G! ?& C
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
" _" e7 B6 b0 A7 q5 f) B) jShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?$ k0 K" T4 U7 ^# g* Z" A
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
$ m# f- ^( X/ m/ y0 C也可用复数:
3 V1 z9 Y1 C; t) [" v% a, pThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
2 X3 r5 l2 R/ |# U! @$ a* ^( ?(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
+ h- ]  g% D+ H; K4 c注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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