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谈英语俚语, \9 _6 h9 }# Y
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& S1 Z& \: U- T在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
. [. @ V1 e9 ^) T; t之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。' I7 O+ \9 y& [+ m, x
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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1 M; ?1 U% s8 t6 S2 ~" H/ i(1) empty suit:
2 l C. d6 h4 H3 b1 Y1 [# W6 o. t7 ^指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
) [# m+ P! Q$ @# _$ z! z(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
7 V) w9 v, m4 |7 c- m+ k例如:
- E2 R0 B! X0 i [& l5 `9 m; h$ lAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.* ?; I; d( _4 |& {
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
# C# I9 s( N4 J' A9 BMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.; X: ?* @! u& y' _; k- p
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
8 v: k8 i0 D. V/ D- [$ j0 W虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:; B' d$ u% b+ S% y( g& P" q) i
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.' N3 ~6 K0 g+ K) b# S/ n
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)3 b: c0 a0 d: o1 x8 U
(2) fair-haired boy:! C& [' p% d* e J' T8 L6 l
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man). ?+ x- i* `$ i
(通常用单数,当名词用)+ Y! `' \ }( Z- H
例如:+ ^7 x% M! ~' z; r# O$ t% e
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
' f& N# L7 r6 F4 y: Y0 Z; X( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
9 W L! M* S3 b6 NNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.& Q" v# Q M+ A: t
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)/ B$ t' _% y; C
有时也可用复数:
& P- k1 \4 F" J& TMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
: `7 m% x5 @2 n6 R: W(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)# L! D! W1 a: i: ?1 o% t- Q+ K
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.8 [: E$ G% T; b( Z& }0 q
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
4 _3 j/ V, Q$ M" I- w J(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)# D: e9 Z% X' Q; O; t( z
(3) fishing expedition:
* i4 T, I( P. Z& H为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information), O$ _6 a9 X% y' l& s A; T
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)) p) k$ w% F# [( x, W
例如:% r; N* I7 D5 B/ X3 D
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
/ H5 r8 r/ B7 I' R0 S0 c, l(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)7 ]" T3 }( M! N! ~' E/ p+ m. k
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case. E! u* j- n' W! N) t7 n; N
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)1 [- }: J+ y) }& ?7 i- g
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
; ~1 f" F5 Y4 F$ hThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.; q. O' H$ Q+ g$ f, Y: C
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)2 z. l0 _" @2 Q! a
偶尔也有人用复数:* W) R0 m" X4 M/ r( `, K
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office." k8 S7 \0 }) O; D( R8 T5 L: h
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
2 v' l5 H O/ H(4) filthy rich:
2 y1 X6 J2 _6 T+ y4 U+ Y意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
" X& k8 S# Z3 Q8 s6 v, O(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
' C4 A! D: e1 ~" e多半当形容词用。例如:. `. k& t7 X, @; F6 _2 l! W
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.6 l5 w/ X: s/ Z
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
* {1 Y6 w8 m8 z/ I: bDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
% i4 |% P6 W; m1 ~) T% `(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)' o7 |& r& j+ i1 h0 e
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.: Q/ g$ G, Y+ U) d0 `3 o3 c' y
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
0 V+ H' X6 Y2 k6 nFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
4 K) d3 M3 ^; r(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
) Y; d7 N9 i* _8 ]8 G C(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
5 V3 C/ b" `2 M+ U4 f2 @0 p0 f(5) fairy godmother:
' H; }/ i; J- B7 m指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance); T2 m0 M/ t" V
(多半指有钱的女人)* u) I3 v* F& b; F: A$ \. v
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:1 J1 x9 i* y# R& U. b
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.9 F! X; D" U( Y( |5 m7 D# B
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。): l# a4 o& Z. x% \2 Y4 m
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ u8 O: V1 |2 f% C1 a(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。): y. o* u; i/ o2 P
有时也用复数:( I2 {7 J7 j% O& u
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
* r k% v5 p5 j: V(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)8 I4 b' H2 d1 L; j ^6 ^- l
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
2 a/ l( E) w' J, s& O: |1 b4 _(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)/ o6 {( f) h! |
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6)eye opener:; Y# b$ T% Z5 j- {, V
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)* C* S* \4 w' D- B5 z& T
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
0 ^2 K! j; u1 p8 P例如:
2 ]& L) T1 y* y7 q" s, a5 T& S+ k4 mYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters., n6 K. t& X$ j6 x+ `( I [
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
6 x. p1 |# Z- CMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
6 Z E/ |" v2 T3 B" s- ` V(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
# i( }, ]+ q' t4 c" i0 p* R5 FThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
$ y/ J5 Z% s1 N8 c4 y+ J8 V(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)& u! C) X6 t; p7 }, P
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.5 P+ A$ _, I6 m8 n; u
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
$ r% h+ {* C/ ~5 s! l(7) hot dog:1 B' W( m# R( f. U8 j& ~
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
T7 }9 [4 R: |1 e例如:
: I% s, Z: l% ^7 H. u9 k) vSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
+ e: E- j, Q- k% b) X+ T' W(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)8 i! ^. {+ l& N: E/ m4 e3 Y" \
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
+ l4 V6 k" d% F) T' }In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.& z2 T" I$ b# f% i9 k) K* ?8 j
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)) Q; }# N) `4 @! h8 R
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)( m; j9 c! c: w
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.; G4 L2 U- @) Z3 c0 V8 q0 b
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)) s" p2 z0 k! e' A, h" M9 {
也指真正的热狗食物:1 H+ A+ r- D, s* X4 r/ B
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
% ]2 Q, k9 Y4 h9 F) I1 ^(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
8 I8 }9 r9 a* P也可表达欣赏的心情:. I9 L K/ q% {" v' U7 v/ ?
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
* A, z, Z. ^% Q* W, n i(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)0 E2 h; ?& E% h% u" ]* F# A; ?
(8)eager beaver:
# M# t3 e- ]" [7 E7 b1 m. l3 j指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)( k/ c! w3 x6 T' A& ?3 n
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
, _5 c2 n3 d* H& ]( l0 e' U! q9 C/ B0 B(当名词用,可指男女)
) U' z( u* S3 E* h6 k例如:
4 A4 F$ g9 A: b4 S6 YJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
9 Z" c0 `) `1 h6 w3 T(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
* q) r) a. x/ ^1 X/ p$ s7 iBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
; ^. s% u) P$ ^: K- V2 T4 g' b- C(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)8 t) M+ L7 \* u7 y+ v
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?5 o- A' ^4 q3 g8 T: [
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)7 K+ O+ F& j* f. E& _
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations./ K. S4 L3 a2 m W& Q h2 {
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
+ ?5 l- Y6 K7 ~( e& E. H(9)doubting Thomas:
9 ^. s& o, F! V" C$ V2 g, r% ]) k$ s这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)1 {- u( W/ B8 F8 Z
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)8 F2 E, N8 v4 Q/ r* E: r
(当名词用)
* y( ?: N% K; b8 p, T- @/ M. {# M例如:4 }8 @( [8 I% Q4 l
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.0 c5 [8 W( _. e& ?/ d! g9 L5 a+ r
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
9 Q5 j, p+ s* z& H: i; a' w' hThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
7 p; r# u! {& E0 Y' z1 z) R, g(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)7 g& \, _9 ~# a: e
也可用复数:$ L$ f- j) g) ~6 s! Q
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.& }6 A) H" m. w% l
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
% S( ?4 @+ ^& |; K/ DIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
3 k# l% u6 \; r5 ?& s. N(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
) f5 b; f( U- U1 G; ~) Q6 t+ g(10)dragon lady:, ]4 Y9 r3 M! K% u0 S# |
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)8 ^ ]2 ]2 t+ D
例如:: j' j! O6 c! f1 w
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
$ ^/ X: n& f* Q(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)9 L5 [2 v1 b0 w+ L% g% A, Y
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
8 V O+ d' ]* \; u& ?( v(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
, u0 ]8 H+ e& SShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
! s' G3 q% L# _) U+ I$ @2 e(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
9 S( L$ g& ?. [4 ]" w& H也可用复数:
- }! T. a7 c! n* FThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.; f9 [9 x& v) `! r$ S' h6 G
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)% O; B! z) S# _! N+ h5 ]
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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