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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语) X/ k8 P9 s( @3 s

. a5 |, x" g4 p
; `) S# _. v, n3 m8 |8 `; p在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
) d# W5 X7 G1 E' j0 A4 ]之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
- H  W: T! @9 `5 @2 R$ q. ]9 s若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!  T  Q/ c6 `7 J% @

  e! u" P) t8 T, ]5 Z+ H(1) empty suit:$ _( _, m. M, s7 J- g) a( Q
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。; ~6 m: J% B6 e" F5 ^9 Z6 |
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)% l, Z8 V! u1 [8 A. Y
例如:+ {8 [5 y% v6 I
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.( R" C/ d# h1 J& P7 s  }
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
2 U) f& I: L6 B) O3 x5 A7 oMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit./ o, \# C* m8 K9 s" M% L2 i/ E
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)1 u4 T( R, v# Y0 \$ ?9 W% m
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
& y- O+ n& a: J$ n- T8 NThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
. m- D/ u* P$ j7 j3 l" i(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)+ F* M: S; v) j5 u+ C
(2) fair-haired boy:
  t% b. m% D* b* C5 T6 f$ O: M1 z# M指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
. |' a# [0 U2 _$ k, g% F  f6 i1 s7 k(通常用单数,当名词用)# v# A& ]: G5 i( \4 K1 j. a5 x( C  E
例如:
5 Y  }3 R7 A9 w  _Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
+ ]' W' e* E  R3 _( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
- a) R" d1 X9 h" oNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.- S8 t/ L9 u, ?: S
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
: d2 ]5 V1 U9 I" t; y  T' m' Z有时也可用复数:" m. v+ ~# R8 B( b* C. F
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.  w0 _, i1 e+ M" Y2 \) |
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。); c+ P. e2 T8 l. G4 F
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
4 F2 C/ V: m' R4 P(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
- l0 Q; Q5 q) p; Z- R(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)/ j$ ^3 U" I; D6 h
(3) fishing expedition:7 P- g* g8 i4 J
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)+ @/ E! N9 l0 W% M+ B8 ~
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)) \6 v: `6 W7 @" P
例如:1 q; r& u: F" k* m" _% H
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.! [0 a! d9 v- T& c$ N- ?+ L% p
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)9 ?( H; }( x! S; O$ Q  Z6 Z
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
+ }2 I7 E4 `+ X(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)9 A1 h/ E: D% g& Y& Q
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
0 x9 a/ {) k4 o/ k3 hThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
# J% e; e) Z# {- H# K(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
( v* G8 e4 w  Q8 M+ b偶尔也有人用复数:
( g2 z& v$ K- \* {6 qSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.# u% N4 s& ~1 [, d! {3 }
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
7 e6 Z1 I) W- M# ?2 x1 t4 @(4) filthy rich:
6 N" O) b0 |0 y  u8 x1 U% Q% ]意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)' o0 n) l/ {5 E/ N3 V
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
; t1 d( B- {2 T( y4 p' Q多半当形容词用。例如:
4 o$ w0 x2 z7 J5 I4 T' ]With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.2 y0 C) N% v" |4 F6 N! H
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)! f# H! q3 s) P% A
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way." M6 C( g& O4 v' _* j% Q, B0 {
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)9 P7 }+ l8 P, }6 ^4 ?: O. x% S
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
* O2 e& q# m3 T7 G- s2 A/ N(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)) L* Z5 `, \# a9 S! m( A1 |
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
% j/ L& @8 u: a(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)+ z( \6 P0 W6 }: x* n$ r& }
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
7 p0 h1 i4 p: a7 N(5) fairy godmother:
. m3 C% ]. Y: l7 I% u! B指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
. Q1 ?  M; D3 c, X(多半指有钱的女人)) R, T' c6 i0 z8 V$ L/ R$ o
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:1 z! E# P" f& E; L' ~
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
3 w- c1 d/ H% x: M: ^- ](一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)+ T/ u. Q. [5 D- e5 Z) G+ n
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
% l& l( c, G0 H) B(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
' r, @, e2 V# I6 J! A7 e有时也用复数:9 n1 J9 Q1 A: O' _9 t
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
9 i0 r2 E+ |- }+ ~; V(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。); F3 H. u5 V- g9 ^! o" x
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
( [7 b$ X, e0 P, j* R) q- `(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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9 m, a$ x4 |9 Z  [* @" t
: h9 x) w- I7 k# U5 A9 \6)eye opener:
2 B/ O9 N% }% |指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
  J8 R" I- V5 U8 H  d(当名词用;通常只用单数)
" h) Y6 a( a: U/ s: ^0 U% [# Q例如:! e! |" y' r1 }% c1 L  @
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
) S# d/ a$ ]9 [' n/ p(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
- I) ^; U, T% ]2 _5 _% A+ }Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.3 Q* K8 g. t7 g5 s0 ?4 j
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
; u& u( y. I$ k$ E1 ^% b6 JThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.' M& ]/ q$ j" L; `
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
$ o4 [- M9 V0 ?% V7 cSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
" G- q3 u+ o- m3 M  w$ _3 o; x5 M(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)) W# R+ y* m# ]& F
(7) hot dog:% j0 Y8 T5 f5 b/ s/ q5 {& V3 V
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用). A9 s* k3 j! x7 Y4 F
例如:
. z8 b2 h9 X0 M8 kSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.' ?( }& a1 D  k+ b2 n# r, I
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)! I) I5 w) _( }. F
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
/ x% \% E) `8 u: `In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
9 V" |3 P: |/ B  r- n! d; V(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
5 M0 l. C. O2 b* M6 Y: v9 ~(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)# a& D+ Y% s# p2 [2 ~1 [
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
- @/ ?. F7 u& [( j( v3 N. @(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)/ A8 b! L, l) [' H+ a
也指真正的热狗食物:
& t& y) I6 \6 F" d! I6 aThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.' x" m5 h) f' y2 z7 d
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
1 ]; B3 X% I7 ^$ y, E$ K5 i1 c也可表达欣赏的心情:; T) R' F. a- c
Hot dog ! What great news for me." p& P$ ?3 V9 k: _/ }8 J
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
' D- j+ h+ c; q& P9 U7 \(8)eager beaver:- \- Q6 t5 P& m
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)3 O$ v1 z" N& Q2 X+ f
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)$ Q6 P2 V  g0 Y" ?
(当名词用,可指男女)! d( o( |% P/ l' O% Q1 |
例如:
2 F+ P2 i- F* P  }John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
0 s3 [) q) A! H& L) d(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
$ z# E4 X+ J% |2 w, eBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
; w5 I& p7 }! g/ K, I" `" A+ J0 ?(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)7 d0 B  B: p' O  {  m9 b1 t
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?: W* C+ d* G$ V# l* Q) s0 B
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)) M: C7 S& C- [6 s" l
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.1 i' s& }0 n4 `% h) M
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)$ y8 {. P4 i  ]
(9)doubting Thomas:
" J& C& k, u  _2 e9 ^/ Y0 G3 Q这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)  b/ {# D% B0 C1 _
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)% s3 c. r) l$ z: z3 \
(当名词用)" G; @0 }3 U( C) k( b- ]
例如:, a7 S. Z, M7 |; e' K
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.  |; f# o; ^, q9 A$ a
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。); T) s8 C) R% c9 b
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.4 f" z6 s7 ~: }* b
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)2 X) y' {) D; R, x: q
也可用复数:9 u  E0 ?" O( k2 j! n/ a# j6 W
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.- c6 v$ {: @" M+ M1 i
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
) s- Z1 M5 J! _$ q3 HIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.4 q' ]/ ^3 L* U& o/ ]7 X
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
- {8 n/ r! a/ T: X4 V(10)dragon lady:; n* s, i* j8 [+ _& x- j
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
9 x* x" L# j8 w0 s) ?+ o! G例如:1 f4 J) ^/ K) `2 t  h9 U  T8 {
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.- Y( V" S4 O* B7 S7 H. j$ g
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
& ], ?- Y& ?* p6 E+ KI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
  ~1 ?8 p6 X6 N2 k4 \- a4 C3 k(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)! |: Y9 `8 c% w- ~
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
0 a2 W. z. P4 `0 ?; x(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)+ d% K7 d' W: u4 D" S. D
也可用复数:
  K* i7 O7 b/ }5 x' JThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.7 G- _! L" m1 }4 N; `+ }* n  |
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)4 P  A  W# Z  c$ B/ K5 h: w* }
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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