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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 7 h& F; w; \( E, y+ j
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{" W5 G7 w* P. F' f8 qCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?: l4 a7 P1 J+ x% r) P' r
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
3 A9 k! o$ E, P1 X% W |Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
" U. k1 M5 D' ^9 f# |The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.
$ H L, _) V" E- ~$ E HCurrently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.; [8 m3 n! X c) z4 K
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced." }1 W. A# [1 E O$ i
The country codes used are :
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CODE \COUNTRY
: Q$ C: x ~7 [" ~00-13 USA & Canada
- M7 ~: r' h; c" m Y: ~20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
/ P$ m* i$ V. P/ \8 m' W+ n9 y30-37 France" o+ s8 N4 l0 O8 h
380 Bulgaria# d* _5 C& c, J" E: u
383 Slovenia
0 _0 _. ~0 z7 y% q, g4 R385 Croatia$ n) M$ {) Q; M! p$ ~7 o
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
2 Q$ {( s ^% w5 E0 T- Q4 y400-440 Germany9 z. G" A+ f& d" [0 T% u
45 Japan
( d: O& a% i' A: @6 H7 d: r# M& x$ X46 Russian Federation
K/ O# {3 G+ B, ~! |& V471 Taiwan7 U6 N) A5 W+ j2 h$ U1 K
474 Estonia
7 o6 P! m7 `) H; S) @475 Latvia
; L( u1 x f) J476 Azerbaijan
! \# i2 ?* g* K3 G) ~& V5 w7 C477 Lithuania& v' g9 x \4 r: t
478 Uzbekistan' g; V8 |( ?/ @6 x% f) p, G
479 Sri Lanka
. o! X+ _ E( k8 y1 y4 T5 u1 s480 Philippines$ x# ?6 J+ P9 \7 p( x- H8 W, N
481 Belarus
( q3 O' I( z: i7 B7 P482 Ukraine! ^3 i, v: @0 C+ k0 P
484 Moldova7 N+ E8 _0 L: ~1 e7 A& p6 ~# K
485 Armenia
( ~& ~$ K# r- L ~4 O8 A486 Georgia# Q( F+ w9 R/ D+ m
487 Kazakhstan
8 O# ?1 Q# W7 N5 P" e$ S489 Hong Kong( m( W$ F, f. h9 g0 f
49 Japan
, U# H: _7 Y6 ?- e; l50 UK
2 N$ V! V6 {3 v) y8 C% O520 Greece
9 X: l: S7 z- R `: f8 k& Z, L528 Lebanon' \% u4 O7 u O6 m8 A9 v
529 Cyprus
7 H3 |: m7 t' a/ R531 Macedonia7 c% t% K" q# }/ p
535 Malta
7 X: x9 W4 q' R2 U q1 t" Z539 Ireland
, h5 t6 \. t7 e0 A. Z5 ]6 }54 Belgium & Luxembourg
3 X- K8 I6 ^; _560 Portugal
8 r: s- v+ S. @569 Iceland" n# g+ R: x+ S+ F6 s: C
57 Denmark
' Z9 X9 o" H A2 Z: f4 i5 A590 Poland3 G+ u5 [) {) j8 {5 N7 u
594 Romania
3 V* e; q7 n& H- X' E" o599 Hungary6 [" p# f/ d. E* y$ G+ R5 o6 P" z
600-601 South Africa; E8 m) n/ }* L! g6 x
609 Mauritius& [5 M9 s0 a# W( g
611 Morocco
1 Q* S: ^, a8 x( w% ]) r1 W613 Algeria, K+ _/ [7 {, ^& F7 M/ \# O
619 Tunisia4 Z% X, P% U+ j8 e
621 Syria; S+ x# B4 n- M6 n: I( z
622 Egypt" Q4 j, }# o3 M" U
624 Libya; Z4 O3 v2 X$ z. A$ ^; U8 D4 k
625 Jordan
' l5 V$ n7 T3 _; C8 c( B626 Iran
3 N4 K" Y6 L3 o1 a$ {( N8 N+ ~) ]627 Kuwait' [( n$ Z4 U4 F& l# u- ?
628 Saudi Arabia# O( A) |; ?. s# N) z1 k8 {5 M
629 United Arab Emirates8 G3 j1 d( ~/ f# I+ B1 U
64 Finland
8 N& M/ f' _3 @) W! V. A( p0 x690-692 China3 G, Q6 ^8 B! `1 ^1 y* }
70 Norway% X% t$ l+ Q$ }* a8 T" Q* I1 i
729 Israel+ V4 u! K/ H) i8 W# n
73 Sweden
, E5 H( ]6 z% S. ~, W" e2 ~$ q740 Guatemala
: h6 |# A! k+ T+ F1 F) q8 k741 El Salvador ?4 O3 |& M& S' T2 U7 a
742 Honduras
- _! z4 m% |3 L$ _% D& @ Z743 Nicaragua7 _( @. r1 r. `, |, d% g7 X
744 Costa Rica
4 ^: J7 _ c0 ~, Y, L: c745 Panama
% T( r* u+ v/ b746 Dominican Republic
8 X9 H |" [2 _0 v' h5 L [$ \750 Mexico
6 |) Q0 z8 Z" |# M8 Q0 X3 ^759 Venezuela4 h8 M" s. V9 q. i
76 Switzerland
( N0 {! K; D& n770 Colombia
' ]# b* n7 T0 W7 u B/ N0 i773 Uruguay, c8 [3 S$ ^+ ?
775 Peru/ K! F1 a8 x2 B9 C
777 Bolivia0 ^) _7 T4 I; ?4 _2 z; i
779 Argentina
) f8 \* d0 Q5 m+ ^" z780 Chile
# |' `) o* m: W' Y4 {784 Paraguay
+ _" }2 F, Z# B4 L785 Peru6 d# Q, d; O. f5 q
786 Ecuador
: \9 n; j0 I o3 f9 D1 V$ w789 Brazil
( C/ }# b" o. K) [, e80-83 Italy% H2 X$ ^6 a7 G6 m' i I. ^+ `4 p* C
84 Spain
" [, R k2 W+ v. Y+ M. t9 ~' @850 Cuba; i+ c3 u% \ {1 V/ l% B
858 Slovakia2 }! f! o0 Z6 U( H3 t8 N8 `
859 Czech Republic
, W. j; g; N' X1 m+ w2 B860 Serbia & Montenegro
( X1 |& Y) C7 R" ?869 Turkey
% O: t/ f: K, y |87 Netherlands! b6 d: B4 _: K
880 South Korea
. K* @. O$ N0 `8 F885 Thailand6 P T N( h( `6 b/ J; \
888 Singapore
- h0 y' l" O- t6 a890 India
, Z1 w/ x$ i, [- H; @893 Vietnam
; d, u2 i: L5 I8 k4 A899 Indonesia
! A6 T1 [% g8 T1 I; z f0 H/ o90 -91 Austria
& b( S u9 ^5 |: s7 y0 J+ ^: r93 Australia
+ w8 @8 f+ G1 |+ N* f2 z6 \94 New Zealand( w- l: b, z/ U/ Z1 [( w4 ]
955 Malaysia
! T3 T8 R" [7 A" f, o958 Macau; x( s$ f1 k# V+ Y: q" M
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
7 m4 }' w: [3 F978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
9 P( v& M# b. K% O- \979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)5 I$ K5 H) W8 f/ U, n
- P$ _6 V' C2 O, {7 ~More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm7 J' r0 q+ P) f$ M
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