 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
. W! ^0 O# j( b' w! V6 I: r( |1 }$ W- R8 |" n) c
一、厕所 5 N- ^0 ]) R+ W. v/ z
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
: V! a; n. T0 ^. x4 w) j C# N% \
二、解小便
H7 U' L. I# J. u 最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说: ! D: I5 V L5 u3 h0 t
Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
1 O7 ?4 N0 N* b5 O9 a1 q% l6 m
& H+ F1 S8 P, i! Y! p$ w 医生或许也会问: 6 @5 b$ s8 n) H6 q" q6 o% c
Do you have trouble urinating? 7 [& F( Y- D0 k( t/ u' H2 d
=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)
4 G4 b2 u; u/ ^, {1 v! }1 d, N- v0 S
此外,还有其他的说法:
: N7 ` y% N, v to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如: 3 d! R, a4 [% }, S/ ]' H* g9 C# H
* I need to piss = I have to take a leak. + w& n6 r' p9 M! O
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)
2 w3 }0 l# P& C! D; k* F: q6 q1 |5 `% b
+ w) W' U& q: i S& |+ i: f 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
, x3 B% C6 @4 N% G5 B * There are several (portable) johns in the construction site. 6 e9 J' {! m6 `5 T* d/ o" h
在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。
7 U3 {( d) O# f% f7 O* V7 ?2 I# D4 q. p% d
* He went to the john a few minutes ago.
) O N3 g6 [( H' Z0 ^& P 他在几分钟前上了厕所。 * T( F+ C2 \% N3 c" k1 t
8 i- A/ P* i! ^$ q/ a; X$ |4 V
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours. , R9 V- W1 Y, p; I+ G, h# S1 \
劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。 , }6 }, b4 b- i4 n( q+ a, k8 E" f0 P
3 V* k n1 [" R3 T# `! J& s
不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: 8 ]" I0 w% B9 s6 c% e
* The boy needs to pee.
. r, F- O3 A: V( q3 P6 h+ H, R8 \- U1 N) b m# Q5 P
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如: & q8 t! a( r! D
* Do I need a urine test? 1 G- G# T6 f, B/ ?
9 T2 R; L; L( u/ Z* @* i
注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如:
h5 x8 C4 B1 x. o8 m8 p7 q * He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
" w4 ?" }. _( @* k5 w * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) 8 }% f* v V: M f& F+ C
; G. a+ Y+ H C0 y! f 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: ' j2 U; Q: g5 E" t& w, \+ p
* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
% T/ h, F9 {6 N3 [1 L * I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) , \7 {/ ?, D* b
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病) ( D3 a4 O3 J' G7 \% g' X
* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少) 5 Y7 X. y5 |( ~- V7 N
0 K6 n( X# ~# t0 [
三、解大便
3 x) [' q% e0 {7 s, k3 \) U 一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法:
5 X0 A! {/ X/ W' v/ @ to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)
+ e8 Q& x2 d9 v7 n. k5 D. W =to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如: / S( U1 g7 N6 V. q
* The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) 8 T3 _* M: `0 c: ]* O
5 l k# M( q, |5 J7 W% q* s
不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如: 4 g$ c( h9 B/ r& j
* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
% I, w6 s" S. _' o$ {' Q& Y* E; a. ?+ u4 V1 y
但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:
- ^4 x( Z R$ u: i. J8 g5 N" z* h+ K) Q" c * The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。) 1 x+ W$ Z! F9 ?' M+ B
- a$ f; L4 e- j0 f% M. W/ I 四、放屁 0 s. P: o" L8 S) K8 k9 o% R, i
在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问:
) v, f/ i% z* Q7 ^3 K How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas? + ^) Z/ {0 k0 i, [5 o7 |4 o3 U
你放屁的次数很多吗?
* L5 r/ k! }+ M7 A8 Z. m( i! I% I * Is the gas expelled by belching?
; m* u. b- ]2 r1 D' p8 e7 ` 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) 4 m! `( g d3 q3 \ x& Y! s* h- q
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
, o7 t& v- n& J- r0 b 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。
% V' J1 _5 e0 M( S * He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.
9 a* w2 j4 Q8 _2 l5 g9 r 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 0 F0 j( ~! Y9 R3 l7 t8 ^
* Be careful not to fart in the public. ( ?' {( I4 \+ E2 _; o2 P
注意在公共场所不可放屁。
4 N6 k+ c/ J; t7 k9 L+ z. ]4 \
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:
$ g4 k9 G& W5 c R5 ?( x * I have an upset stomach.(消化不良)
1 w1 E+ q6 Y# U5 `7 ?. I8 w/ a# B = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
[& i( C$ ?& @* h- y. _7 c8 | 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
1 d# T) P3 y6 n9 p, q( W$ K, F
8 d4 w# j8 D% P+ D9 J& G * Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. . p; ^8 ?" g) @: g0 O5 `8 p5 |
胃不舒服有两星期了。)
* B2 h5 u* `0 ] * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity) / f/ R' K! j1 [% t2 \5 Z- u
他经常便秘。) 或 7 g% D9 _; |6 c) G0 R
* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 9 S' m. R2 T+ [" c4 p4 w
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或 : K7 b7 S" g1 q
* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
; O h! |% X3 B o3 A% h n8 E$ a- h1 q% W% w
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea. 2 G o4 S' j2 N
他拉了一阵肚子。
5 y& B7 V2 H4 ^- J# |$ E- e * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) ( K# K1 @4 N# C# _6 E8 z1 n
大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|