 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 P- O3 u7 ]: ] eInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
4 j% S9 {2 [: x5 Esyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,$ n/ N* P5 Q5 b" R# ^2 [/ m
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ G/ L$ C( }6 k% _- G
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of# w# a2 m* z; B9 X% h( a
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
% v( O8 C0 J# CA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=3 ^% s7 s- e7 Y* e/ j1 e
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 G3 a5 V+ o' G( g* g7 L(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving$ _- m' s" Z4 X) G8 `7 w
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
8 @+ }9 \( }6 `& n, F+ K( Apossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& }7 X0 T* L6 P' {6 ?- D
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
/ E/ S& i5 q' z5 f$ `1 L. [segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
+ I8 j/ z: @# _8 O- w6 ~9 nsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# s+ V; n! h) D; V) X4 t
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In- u% H$ N3 V( i1 j
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,, q! I' U0 Q4 i0 V- ^2 E
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..6 I( k; M# R) B2 i- |7 Z3 m
+ P: a# Z- m7 s
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
, o; g. { a( ^# v3 w+ ]and American speakers of English, |
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