 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
, i0 J' g# T |2 z6 ]; a, cInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
4 `5 i) ^! \1 rsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,* {; D0 b5 O$ _& q& U& U
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial# x- y' B2 Z4 W1 j% ~) X5 |
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of0 ^8 t* c% F" ~9 U" w/ D
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
# F8 }& X ?) y" RA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=5 s. U4 j8 L# A0 @
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]$ A# |" |: U4 z+ b
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
. e& @3 m- W6 G, v! pretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
' @- _6 W4 H: {( Y& V% z+ [5 ppossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
, j8 e* ~% u1 m$ S0 r, G' |(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two" O1 ^& {; {/ U+ T7 @& d+ e
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
. A) N& P/ @7 e. s! r* Isemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.! w. m! h! K7 Z) K
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In- v& }6 `) d8 |8 U. W w
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,1 n* F/ n; T! J1 \! U' s! W$ [
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
$ V( L. w/ X6 X9 y' o* h( i! k0 S: }9 ]$ f$ Q3 z1 [
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
% Z' R& F% y% R9 _and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
