 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The* z* {9 O1 E/ t k
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 U. _0 s) L3 T* f, }8 b& @syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
& l) B$ `4 L: Fand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
# v, L/ h# l2 }; e3 o: E(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
/ d5 q5 D( |# _6 \+ p9 f, aretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).+ y* W/ A* s/ q9 Z# E+ m7 o) j, F6 }/ o
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=/ Z9 o1 O. f) ]# \0 p3 K) J6 |5 i- _
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]+ z: X6 |% o' Y# Z8 B
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
' L9 y0 w4 Q6 L% Uretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on6 P2 S; t0 \4 k/ X
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
X. b B1 ]& M1 r& J(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
$ ?" G" i% d' O8 N) q5 i5 G. o9 xsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a- m' [: w; a8 f, g
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
) o) h4 l/ y. [: Pend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In% t4 G6 }7 l5 o7 w9 S6 J) ~2 N$ b
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,* q( x- N; z+ H- s
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
# F; F0 A& N3 H8 Q) a, q! F$ Y2 B& `' E- I/ @1 p
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 l' }$ _+ P# N; u& Q
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
