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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)4 {1 B: `* T" b' l2 Z" t% D
& ~6 c5 D p* [& S# a- UProof:
3 G: U) [6 x& L# bLet n >1 be an integer
; ?) W! o6 T1 C6 u0 tBasis: (n=2)
: D, b7 g B$ ?. F4 \. o 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
1 s; x1 g! x. s e( U0 J( y$ R( ^) W$ A0 I* `5 j: @
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
3 V# g7 J3 t% D+ g; L3 N K^3 – K can by divided by 3.& n. M2 D+ A3 U6 E# z! y
4 L+ K/ A- `$ N7 s) d: z
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
5 H# J5 P: }6 ?/ c4 L9 Asince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
M% ?, {; Y+ _) q" [+ lThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)5 p' i2 Q6 {3 V5 p
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K' O! t1 S# i5 F- a0 Y Q& h2 v g
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
+ z" }$ K0 d9 c$ a) S0 a. \ = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
$ H% i9 y8 z3 v+ v- i" H1 Kby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0. s% ?7 |7 z1 R2 f& ^" P
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)* Z2 G( e; u- R& }/ f
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)( Z. Z/ @2 b. y/ }4 U
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
6 @9 ?0 v7 }* W) s& r4 W* k7 \' {( u4 q- g9 E% z5 S/ a; d
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.' p2 N/ R9 o, W
: E; P8 f9 S; X, H
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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