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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n) H- n p- c/ V! p! y. v" M
0 V" o# i9 E& N5 QProof:
* h- ?4 N2 O- J, F. y1 uLet n >1 be an integer 5 M$ V, ^, y+ K
Basis: (n=2); ?- G9 n8 J. b; D, v
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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: U/ N) ^; P' vInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
$ f- s% K. O5 `6 U K^3 – K can by divided by 3.$ c7 j8 I8 _9 E) V
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
0 e7 @7 d& Z0 f; X3 c' h) Wsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
# w0 n8 W* g) F7 E- B0 a2 KThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)6 _1 R, W2 F7 H
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K! J% {) \" n7 U% I" S6 x6 l! k
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)3 ^7 c5 v3 ~6 p
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, P, _( ] t5 y0 s0 c: B% u% [by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0/ Z f1 |" A9 B5 G% y* G, U
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 x" `+ z) e0 K( E! \
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
1 K' Y, d2 X4 U = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
7 G0 ~! Z+ B5 b d6 [/ z$ T- d
/ t" d e0 g8 d- `Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.1 u7 p i# [" @" a7 W
/ k! m, k* Y, u3 s- {! K[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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