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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)- z5 U$ P$ }; l3 l
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Proof: , Z4 t2 n" c6 [6 {! i" \' l# L
Let n >1 be an integer " I% f" _5 d- o
Basis: (n=2)' U& y3 \* H. ~
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that* b* ^8 T5 h% t% y; F
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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% W: k% O l1 h- {- R0 @Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 39 L, g+ b* d7 V3 d
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
. ?* Z0 i" ^- V; L6 _* kThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
2 h$ R$ Q0 G4 A, z; l$ l = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K5 A! T% o: r; s3 D0 Z: l$ V( l7 @
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
+ x3 S6 W% a& h7 ^; Y = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# b% h: c6 @( \. \, U2 U
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0$ S% ^6 F6 Y& d2 O9 K8 s- E" c
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
* x# G V3 `7 t = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)) I' [, I& V. h6 U
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3% V6 F4 R6 ?. K
; G2 E- s0 S6 T% yConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.2 C2 j0 f' b% t$ ^# k8 h+ K
3 ~; R- }- @/ P! R' K: h. e9 F[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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