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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
2 Q, q8 w. V3 b& u: {
+ }4 c7 U- |0 p4 T3 x$ ~3 J) uProof: 4 d: E6 {5 I) \! Q$ {
Let n >1 be an integer
9 t" b. {; b4 s: I9 H9 \, c8 cBasis: (n=2)
) p* A( K& K& J, C- d3 w 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
* l0 u/ J W# s- K+ t2 H& @% ~0 V T( e( Q& M6 X
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that4 u: k0 |1 W# L6 o- l/ q1 E
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.: P7 r; C0 f1 v% p6 ^6 n; Z3 I
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
4 n5 d" P) z: _$ @4 osince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
) a9 T% E" z C: `6 r' E; l0 NThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
- ?/ z" n; M% e: U7 w- k6 C: Z = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
7 b9 a8 P) s8 B = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
, L, L8 |- y, k% T/ t1 A = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
& x( q1 [- r6 V% ]by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
& m0 _) V1 `6 M( h3 ~So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- g' r6 }) E% r4 t2 K = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 T% w" X' j/ d: U6 b9 U
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
& s$ \7 g7 ?2 h9 i% {7 J2 ^' Y! ?: e; [' A, B
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
6 }4 C* D; L& C- y5 Q% f; H+ f) T7 e. ^3 S0 `7 [2 \( K) h
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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