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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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1 {6 U! @ {3 ~5 z, m. M( NProof:
- I3 E) |( o4 d0 h5 qLet n >1 be an integer
6 i0 _; X9 i( S: U4 b# r: mBasis: (n=2)! R3 O. L# L; m! G; P% U# o* X# w
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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+ ~) m+ s7 g, H8 `3 B$ {% n TInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that2 {) |2 |8 j9 G+ N
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
5 b8 v$ ~- T* o5 e* e0 f Wsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem. C* W6 S0 T# |- G2 b
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)& e% D3 |+ K6 }/ _/ ~, y- i
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K8 c* _& o4 D! U
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)/ X e4 ]: B& n
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 e& X1 z, p% iby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>09 _$ i! M( O% ^4 H/ Q k
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 R% x, ?/ i1 N7 Q, [
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ T# {% |$ e2 J$ V. S& u
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 33 ]1 O( B' l4 K; o3 x
1 b' Z) r; V6 uConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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# L' t Y5 V8 g# s: L8 K% ?& c4 ][ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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