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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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0 ^' Y" m% N. E8 eProof: 4 E, X" N7 _2 G ]% E$ {
Let n >1 be an integer - P$ U# S* n; H( L( E' B
Basis: (n=2)
$ K8 B( L0 o3 ]1 | 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3* Z+ B* ], C( k" ]( P
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
" }& M6 @: w% n3 H5 W9 `9 ] K^3 – K can by divided by 3.3 p* u& T: v& ]1 s
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 33 X) G8 d7 R* K3 f7 s6 U3 `
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem/ i% S: [1 d: Y& ?
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1); m$ o8 `) W2 r" b0 o( a, M0 i. g
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K7 D/ i3 j3 o( w0 j* H
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)1 Y, r( r7 t, u! E2 y
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K). Z: e2 s6 {+ Z+ ]6 t' z
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>07 z0 [% z; `( L( E0 K% a# q( L2 z
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)( i6 e/ X! J. t5 ]8 T9 i0 x
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) y0 R% N5 s$ u! h' Q = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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; \7 C; B2 k5 Y. T: X. O0 wConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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