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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
. K; B" K2 W( R3 P0 ]$ _2 D- P& kLet n >1 be an integer $ ]) y% o C7 g3 W% [
Basis: (n=2)
+ `8 n4 ]9 }2 }. e* P 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3" c9 a" H" c0 g! D
6 Z( O$ l; ?1 k" h+ [/ @9 N; x. L0 [Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
: U/ F' l/ x1 W5 a/ ] K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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2 f5 P" B" ~* {# i: j5 E% y* f: qNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3! ?5 d" u9 |( j3 O0 C) m, S
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
5 w( O; X& B2 H0 Z7 T/ aThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
' s6 `: {. _3 k = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
2 P% N, m2 A7 X2 f% |# i# B* B! k; e# q = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
# }/ _- U; K0 Q/ \* n0 q& g = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 m- V) ], V7 R' Q% J9 L
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0/ | Z% \" r; |6 U% n: t
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- C: Z* k& i' h g* j7 |. W = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)( G3 J' C! \; m. [, @. A
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3& E& w# p# T5 |
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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9 Z% M5 l3 z, j0 _$ c[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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