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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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# a& s9 V, b1 c, Q+ X0 s7 U3 WProof: # ~- w/ l8 [$ J3 Q6 k
Let n >1 be an integer
; e; n1 b$ ?( aBasis: (n=2)
4 u! h2 w7 T( c' @5 N 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3% v& |; J/ Q* g" Y) J$ G/ [
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that7 k5 p& c* R+ t* a6 b, v. i8 j
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
' f2 R! v- n3 E4 f5 Qsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem" z! `$ W0 ]. m
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
; ?" y& v( l% R/ z: K = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K& L C2 _2 P) k: S/ g1 f
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
2 Z/ V5 C; p$ l V* K; H3 O2 y8 ` = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 T$ c) w6 C4 Z2 {by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0# q! ?# d6 t: A: i
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ j* V+ a# c! y1 \5 m' C
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)* s+ o' \" v' J) b8 C
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1./ R5 _' a6 a) ?
$ x9 A6 A2 f& @# `1 `5 C[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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