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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)/ p+ V, _$ c( Q
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Proof: 2 Y/ a# l( B0 C; D
Let n >1 be an integer
/ I- a% X6 ]& EBasis: (n=2)8 H3 a6 V& T! Q7 m! H+ q
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3- Q& C& v3 c+ H, x2 @
: _' x7 h; ]" ]& G9 ~/ M2 [Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
0 Q: E5 T8 N( j K^3 – K can by divided by 3.: U" B' |$ O, \1 b. W0 S8 D0 H
- D {! B |" u& o" l e
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
0 N' g) Q/ D8 }" a2 vsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem$ X% ~" T2 _! o
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
: ~& Q- \/ z: ~! T- n+ m = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
E, ?( d- s2 I* x0 A/ z& z = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)7 Z# U0 `3 x" t# S, Z' x6 J& L3 k: x+ h
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ q1 S! ~' E. Q9 W- N
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
$ B) W# B4 r! P% i& f/ Z7 R9 [So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
4 T& v" J I3 {% t6 w = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)' _* J/ [% |/ c- @" o& N* I! A
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
1 I' k+ S0 ]; v) K# F/ P0 Z! _. J1 a {
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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