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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)" n9 j/ p- E: w7 A
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Proof:
6 t. c/ }/ C" k) x1 bLet n >1 be an integer
: W5 v: u* I: n1 f% m& n2 @Basis: (n=2)
# x# y" H8 g8 ~: D) m( K 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that( c0 n0 n, ?6 H/ ?& y
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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4 _7 _ i) C5 J- JNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3, q6 ?' j" f* T7 z. B3 F& h
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem# g. \9 R- l8 H* H4 f' p
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
$ B3 h! p) Y3 e: |$ h+ c6 Q = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
6 c, L1 G" ^: f6 `4 ?) x/ ` e = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)% K! c& R. T$ k# B. e- }' x
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 K; ^( h* P7 ^1 D% D* Aby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
3 {) k) f" X1 s+ K5 [( x. F! n$ {7 ~So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)/ M1 z2 x( E; j! e/ \) `
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)( p' @7 j1 f0 L& U5 P
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.5 u0 u( V. g6 _) t7 @
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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