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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)+ ^7 \5 w& e7 L+ [5 E
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Proof: 8 D5 r$ n" b6 P) n/ d) t" K
Let n >1 be an integer
, ~( ~8 n6 ^2 Z( a( A/ OBasis: (n=2)
/ ~6 r- D, P3 s* u 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3$ |, ?3 x) j) g* f' C
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
+ M# e5 L2 A: j: d2 x* H8 z% E+ \" R6 R K^3 – K can by divided by 3.# e: K+ a; T1 |) D% u& p0 x
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
. p; H* j0 {' l; Gsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
! Y& g6 D% t) D, }% Q7 zThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
1 P# l/ v: p7 x& m, H' c# d. c = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K2 A7 @) q ^6 l- v
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K) S2 {7 D3 p: _! ^+ I- l
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) P/ t8 P% J; k4 l: ~9 U( Wby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0: H/ J: B9 ]6 {0 q: c
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
% b5 m6 `7 U+ A: B = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)9 Z4 I& l" L1 k& P3 U
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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