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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)/ k0 R* d; G2 M$ p% }
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Proof: " O5 i- Z% q/ S/ _1 Z5 |. T
Let n >1 be an integer 8 q/ e* O* X3 k
Basis: (n=2)
% V+ n, c n" _& R 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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5 d) n" W9 o9 _Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
% W! k0 Q- b% i2 v6 y$ z K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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" N9 @1 `) v* U7 JNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
0 m5 n& q* x, `- U+ L5 j9 z; \5 ?since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem+ P! ?/ V, \' a
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
5 M# V5 U/ \" g! \3 v4 [0 h = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
3 i4 b# s' Y- |4 N: _- p; {* S = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
8 I6 C, D$ A' U$ K! p$ q- [4 U4 p) V0 Y = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 H9 _7 u) M1 p n* S8 `$ Yby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0( {$ w4 h S7 |5 s5 }3 a
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
3 R" n5 X2 B6 }* R7 W = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 O# t5 I$ ^* g% q- x- v5 j
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.: W- z- e7 I0 B K6 G' O" p
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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