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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
5 f+ g, N' F) [* i7 U1 `Let n >1 be an integer
$ H1 Y9 h6 g$ [0 [, V" lBasis: (n=2)/ D5 A2 a) g" K& Y) J' C
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
2 l! ?! A( A! X* R: B6 r0 p. y# n; ?& b7 }
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that. V C: K8 z H
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3: b: G* @1 X9 X5 f9 k8 G
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem |4 V/ d* U$ g2 _* T
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
0 K. f: }" N9 G$ Y# _+ Y = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
. P& a. o& S8 R = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)' d7 R3 y3 n5 H9 q) \
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)+ r: B" Q- r2 y
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0' G- w% a+ k( a1 s& X# i b8 U
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 G) N. F4 x. k = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
2 \0 t! k* Q# D = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3% t. g2 ^6 [2 y3 n& b6 e2 j
1 w9 ]8 q- X* ?Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.% I0 Q& }3 M3 t2 L: N
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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