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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
; v- N# \/ ]! Q, h. x$ _5 s$ qLet n >1 be an integer * e& y1 @7 Z' a/ \6 D) [& L0 r
Basis: (n=2) w/ o- }4 |% H2 I2 t
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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9 m9 ?8 { j4 h. k% ^2 TInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
, J4 H( }. D6 S) P R: p K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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" b9 }9 f- i0 U$ ~% D L |Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 33 W! O/ q$ E! W! u
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem% `! p& J) r5 i- N4 u
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
0 A0 o0 T) _8 C = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
* }, [# @9 [2 m: a% e* x8 a) G = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
# U5 ^) t$ z' d* [ = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)% b- I5 `% Y! ]0 W9 \! c
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
9 S/ [4 ~+ M+ M wSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 R1 L9 v! V) M( q& Y9 W& B
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 q z2 l& B5 \* c& J/ W. S = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.( s4 r. x3 q# [4 v) T0 I
- ^; o) v: V7 R3 m9 n% c+ q) K[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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