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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n), X2 v: {: f4 P" H4 G# _5 @) e
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Proof: 0 E1 Y. q$ Y# y3 F: \3 w( f
Let n >1 be an integer
2 l) T) o* ` d2 K+ F+ T( P7 WBasis: (n=2)$ I% u a. f9 z' Q/ r
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3. ?: n$ a5 a1 q1 C
! j. p7 H r0 s; H5 E% rInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that; L: z7 Q/ f) S; c- j: U6 J: m* ~
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.% \5 F9 Z* s: _0 T6 n
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
p* G* q* C" @; P5 ]1 |" ^- ]since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
3 i- i% Y- z- q/ zThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
e: i/ r1 D- \% k1 {2 @ = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
8 z3 l4 L: ?1 n. x = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
/ h W0 D0 E, n& _( G: ` = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)8 w* m3 R5 v( y" h
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
0 |# @+ ^$ ~. Z2 e% cSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 W1 ]: ]; Y- w, r2 d* [1 s
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 x4 f. l$ F {" e5 a; S = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.$ P) @9 r9 q+ @! h
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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