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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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2 J* r" j N) C5 FProof:
& _: L0 I: c) D7 xLet n >1 be an integer 7 G2 U4 ]4 k2 r8 G8 c+ d* x
Basis: (n=2)0 O. t3 \- K& M3 T
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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2 \2 h5 u6 L& A$ k# Y9 KInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
5 z, @ t9 |6 Q) j; X K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
4 E7 ~- u+ n. G) {7 s: F9 C% H9 v* T, }
* y( l( ]# ?3 ]8 ]9 S! MNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
; B2 \9 x9 ~8 b. F9 Bsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem6 c9 d P8 L9 e# E, a
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)/ c% \' k) ]+ o
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K% ^& o* }+ X% B( G% k5 t$ F
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)' X) I) p4 q7 f4 n
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)1 r6 S; K* y" }" x
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
. |% s* x% P9 t- h0 R$ }. nSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
8 v- S I6 |$ l = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
' ~4 x1 N9 @7 V% M) }2 T. P, q: @ = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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2 ]% u* V3 r& [( {7 g0 u/ yConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.* Q" y0 _& A {4 r: Q2 N* G( G
8 a( H' X/ t% e/ C# ^4 A0 K. W[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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