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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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1 S Q# j, h2 D kProof:
* o* k- d( q+ U& W( J1 m3 V+ K8 GLet n >1 be an integer + |4 Q5 y. X. Q' E* ^' r: u
Basis: (n=2)
' Q5 A: G0 j! K 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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$ E! |6 f" [( C/ i3 jInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
$ }! X* u' o6 T6 @; o% q K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 32 ~& ?" Z! e/ q) E
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
6 a4 V3 J% {8 Q$ }* T4 xThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)- A& D* c, v N( V6 X7 @
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
- ?& F/ f. {, z5 {9 \/ g9 ? = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
( l U# g5 E# h. z = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)) p3 c4 [) ]% l, F1 \+ U2 Q
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0% } s9 H- ~0 ]6 ?$ w4 I: {+ v* C
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
1 f5 O; I: L A( U G = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 f- w, J& |) w2 n+ R: m = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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