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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)# }. D$ V9 j8 x7 ~
1 q1 ?4 F; G5 ?5 CProof: 8 G }9 Y# N9 U# p `! r
Let n >1 be an integer
! A2 T: W9 e% o3 ~# _1 lBasis: (n=2)
/ S5 Q+ c: Z6 J' B) K* l4 a 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 33 u R% Y4 a7 O! T( _4 g7 K5 J
" x1 {/ ?# X$ u0 b- L( t, s$ {
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that4 p$ Z8 `1 N, g" F+ s5 y
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.' `$ u0 r' v4 ^6 c' {' @
1 @" f3 @7 m$ rNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
7 z1 e' e. v) R1 w esince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem+ o& W4 {% I" P u
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)' r2 b+ M/ \$ a+ b* G! [
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
* h1 u" _+ b! n) |" L3 Y6 L = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
% d! k; j3 M# @ = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K); q4 y0 m6 U' I* E$ ~2 K
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0& t$ W- Q7 q( X' l
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
( j( m7 H% ^' s+ x = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) B3 A2 X7 s( I6 q/ ?5 i5 s = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3% J, h T+ Y$ z$ M: ~2 w
8 J. V' p0 t O1 `* M: L- @ v/ s' Y' ]
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
# x: U4 d9 x$ F% g7 E6 E) f
9 ^- [# c6 ]+ ^6 `% H! b; [! L e1 T[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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