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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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5 o% }0 F* m0 @+ m. {5 h1 VProof:
- B- N2 D) E6 s, @Let n >1 be an integer : ` m9 O q, T, Q1 ]. ]
Basis: (n=2)
! i+ v' K: V% H 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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' ^: n6 Z% J0 B2 x+ w& wInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that& }4 ~9 U- T. @2 ]5 f( s
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
! K/ i s. [& f( asince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem9 F) H/ @6 e% C% T
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
6 h0 m ^- f) ^/ d = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K2 T" j/ q* U! L0 i$ G
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
# U5 C6 T' @7 k6 M s = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)% i3 O! w& ]# Z% r
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0& K) G4 F# @$ ]# H! S) [: i! Y
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- g, i( v9 k7 k, @" p5 ?' K, r = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 F f* M; u$ i = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 34 E6 K3 L9 E" J
& `" h# f) }& p# q; t2 {1 h& gConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.* o- W( R& F6 Z
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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