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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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- g7 {7 U& [2 D0 c+ y& yProof: ?( z0 `, d$ b7 Y5 h$ a; K
Let n >1 be an integer 4 t3 W( b! s' M2 M) V& G" y, s+ F& ?, w
Basis: (n=2) R5 T1 z2 K( V, E9 {1 o
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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! h! i; X$ T+ ?$ SInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
3 @: n% {7 P. M K^3 – K can by divided by 3.% F4 W$ N4 _3 a7 K, T" E3 j
3 r7 m; R/ Q+ f5 R2 [Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 33 T. ]* Z. m+ L, M
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem1 r0 \. d1 r2 T9 ?9 Y% g
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)# G, \& `- e: B# `
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K* o7 d- K1 K; ~5 ]4 x9 I
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)$ ^2 w7 n% }3 d- L S3 i
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
; C. a% b4 C/ d( G- D8 |% j2 Jby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
4 i; l0 l# R2 b# N. ^So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# u& ^; t( t0 b = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)/ ?) h, ]1 t( Z+ o% R7 }, E
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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