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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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, i% u) V, X+ j% m; b7 A* OProof:
7 Y3 h, |7 {) P/ t) ~* t. tLet n >1 be an integer ; g) \- @, X' l, O2 ?) g4 H
Basis: (n=2)
) K/ ~, f* H- G0 {- E2 q! Q( s 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
$ d. _* w4 _( n W K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3- i E- M. q8 p! ^) E
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem: h/ c/ K; r3 E. h1 y
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1) Q2 ]% V, @2 v2 C
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
9 I) r/ ?4 k3 K7 q = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
7 r8 t7 d3 b1 T# N; W2 R( x = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)8 W( S: S2 F) i
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
5 m9 g& X6 ?) Q& |3 fSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 ?6 N- I* f. r
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
( ]1 i; Z; F4 Z: s( _ = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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5 @ Z. t$ c# B0 yConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.! t% u3 g* F U4 P& U4 D7 |
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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