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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)" T" `# z$ ?. I5 C
! K c. G8 j* I' }, M( bProof:
1 O2 x- \3 \) ~# y& eLet n >1 be an integer 7 y$ a3 G. d& k3 K2 l
Basis: (n=2), A9 S$ d9 C9 r8 X5 C1 C
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
2 v! V, H& z: }5 w$ Z- M. y+ H1 X! S5 u
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that5 M8 |" e9 ~- [5 w
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 35 O3 P2 G8 |9 m0 {: Z
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
, q# @' r( m, i% K \- k0 UThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)# W1 \4 E% I" @2 A7 k
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K. @- y4 h1 D4 H1 r& V
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)/ I6 S/ b ]+ Q f3 n
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)( O9 \# k2 a6 y! h
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>04 \0 R, v. K- O- u/ v5 h
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)" Q" Z/ W2 G- U
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ q8 a# X8 e$ c6 F1 G6 Q. L8 i8 [
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3+ D2 s- G, t* `' s' I" @
& e5 w9 q5 P5 g. _1 PConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.5 I# M. K# J3 ~/ F* G$ ]5 A
; f) L8 _; U; ] w2 R* D$ a/ E[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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