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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)+ ?* U$ D7 ?' Y1 T& Y
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Proof: & b9 }: |) b) ~1 D9 d$ _
Let n >1 be an integer
* W& ^4 L' |5 e- u6 ]6 q% g& B3 r4 ?Basis: (n=2)2 Y( b1 Z2 [6 L5 t' ?" i& `$ J3 ^( }
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 33 b3 u4 b( V( C
5 e1 ?; ~- \0 Z- B) K- L* I
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that9 U! J9 n0 P. O/ u( d8 c5 S
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.2 v& U( d+ m2 o& J4 [
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
. W. s1 d) D* rsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem* i( M5 s# A; n0 E% C7 _! B
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)# f+ |. |+ h; a5 K" q1 k8 Y8 \! P
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
9 \8 s7 {* E3 d( C* N = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
; Z g- c. ~; D# W. h5 s; X* O7 Y% g = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 X' h2 S; U; S- |' {. b4 i, gby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0: F3 o. G9 H+ N) v
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 I, f' i4 b* }" h* R$ _# g/ s7 w( l
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
( M+ U- d8 ~; W$ {/ G3 X' @6 S0 T = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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) b) D5 g2 d- S) r$ cConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.( N( x& V6 p' k
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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