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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)- u* H2 a# K6 [ C# |( X
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Proof: ' ?% S* d' O2 t
Let n >1 be an integer
1 A5 a, `$ ~9 B/ t8 f2 YBasis: (n=2)4 ?4 s |4 r. U0 C1 a
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
1 ]- t* N$ G4 F8 {% W9 n- n5 W5 T9 k" ], Z
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that. f7 `5 ~. M0 O/ a
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.4 H j& @! X( O1 R- H1 G$ A( Z: }, Z
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 36 E+ v# i" U4 v0 A8 e. O% A- F: V
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem& R2 Z0 |* s1 @! \) Y4 }
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)3 @9 u" \2 Y9 z0 _5 K" Q( T
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K/ U4 z- S z: e2 p1 v/ O
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)# h: V4 c5 a' m
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)! d4 U# X% G, T
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0! s1 ]( X0 j) y/ R+ J2 U0 |! ~: }
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K). i" K4 u$ Q5 G0 S
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
% c' M! _4 b- l = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.; M, { t6 _: |6 V2 F% V) G l
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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