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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)4 \' }1 ], q! F) D+ n
* u0 E/ S( j: K3 lProof: 2 p0 d% O3 a4 O& ?. g3 l& y/ J- x
Let n >1 be an integer ; h; Y& A' _( C; G, o& A; l# ^8 W
Basis: (n=2)6 |2 ]' j! ~* l6 a1 T% O; j, r* P" j+ Z
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
m. j: D1 n: R9 V B% y r( \4 y* w3 D+ Z: N3 N
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that1 F# l, p% `; \) M# P( i
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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+ ~, T7 {# C/ x8 [7 X7 INow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
/ [9 Q1 }( S$ q) x0 {$ W( j+ hsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem2 R6 F6 w2 \' Y" C8 W3 t
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
6 M! M% h% b) K; c$ |2 x3 x = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
1 u, P; i" ^0 F* B9 D0 S d5 ` = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)4 e( k, Z8 @7 o. {4 r
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)6 c& E/ X. p# W) s3 S1 k. a. E
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>05 _( d* x2 |; a% o+ ^0 F1 C9 w6 g
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- O. m+ r. B" _1 v3 {6 w& l = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
/ O4 r, J& z6 c& ]3 f, ] = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
: A8 ~$ l1 e- N9 k- w
+ I/ n5 r- G6 S; T* gConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
$ G% t' ^) [" p$ o# f* u9 n+ G
9 X( ?9 x3 _9 M[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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