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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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5 ~, M1 ~/ w& a* n! P0 f! WProof: ; k* [) ]: }5 a1 n9 g/ ^) O
Let n >1 be an integer
8 i7 C: E* i& B' qBasis: (n=2)
$ T) a: T$ Q$ x6 w. O8 }$ b 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that& A# `6 d" m$ f- w0 K2 H
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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( ]) B9 ]9 Q, G# d$ KNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
/ _! i# L# `$ {: e7 J/ a, E2 @since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
: M5 _: ~, f! e H& g' JThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)! F$ a5 Q/ F% S5 z" g" N, G
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K$ l2 T# `: t$ M9 j3 D$ g! Z; B
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
! w. Q) ]" b9 x) B" d) N = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
& ]/ t& a: M! i: n7 f, e4 }by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
8 p* p1 d, a# S/ i7 |So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)* H- \6 r2 P3 w
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
% S; j+ J. U: {. A! L4 ~* p = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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