 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)# {0 j, F: f2 w+ G
b1 @2 Z7 W8 ?1 }1 bProof:
+ d' L5 k( k+ J9 \! ILet n >1 be an integer
& x. l8 T- B9 _ q; H, J {Basis: (n=2)& K& w/ i' y1 e4 B% a! F
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3+ ]6 J% W B% ]: h4 `0 _ ]' ^
5 P) S) o! u. p7 j1 SInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
9 S$ c, O) M I7 u K^3 – K can by divided by 3. h! L% W4 D& @' w/ P1 E/ I& C+ q
& A- [9 s8 F1 E- x4 Q$ K. ^Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 32 }, ?2 S3 K5 {& }3 v* H
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem: l( v" \% }# s5 v5 A7 b
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)8 L$ S, w" E2 {% S6 X8 e) A4 ]
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
; Z5 {8 h F. _) S J = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
* {1 p: U& F( O = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)( P9 B: d3 w* q, Q% w r Q
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0" i- m* L! E7 s8 ^5 ^5 u
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)8 e6 |# ]1 G* G7 K# B' ?
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)2 a# y+ a& T! O- c! f7 s1 u% i
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3) z; Q- H- B7 W4 A, y3 C4 V
8 d) v2 J, o/ i0 R
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.+ n$ b/ d0 K$ h( h5 R/ X) I
/ Y$ z& s- e( c[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|