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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)8 ] K5 g9 k; U+ l
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Let n >1 be an integer 0 o/ p5 [3 y$ _# X9 g7 C
Basis: (n=2); t0 s. C% G4 G1 M; N
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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& O% Q1 q7 c+ w* }Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
' X {% i3 d% M3 e- w K^3 – K can by divided by 3.9 r$ E# Z" D) c3 @& r6 h
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 33 q! ^9 O+ }$ p' A- G B
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
" |* F! K6 M7 EThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1): Y! W$ g* `" a" [+ i! p1 O
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K$ n q6 Q8 l# h O3 b
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
8 {! @6 Q$ h* e8 ^ = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)) p" c" a/ [/ t- z* ~3 _
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
% i. s5 g: r/ a# JSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)+ H2 z+ o; L" T7 I' s+ J
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
8 `0 l+ y, C3 f# `' O. E. G6 |- P$ q/ i = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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3 K; x2 }, n: Q8 _+ J+ w[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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