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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)' x/ r" _7 J9 h: X1 ?8 q/ P
# `! Q+ u$ R; RProof: " l# F! s5 m' }# x/ |$ R- n3 i' ^
Let n >1 be an integer
( I, `/ S9 g( _$ }* H3 mBasis: (n=2)& v3 }0 t9 k9 p' B. `% s
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3" |- P$ Y; c/ \5 |
! D- H* D: _( k& o, h! G9 lInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that8 e- E' ^7 P/ c* A8 ]' ]
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.% s0 H) F) e! r6 Y0 \* Z4 z `
, p% o' K7 z- m% x
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3: U1 m( N' [: U" G
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem" s/ j/ T4 w5 @! F2 H
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)8 G# u% }! e4 a; R8 L
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
0 K6 S: E1 `/ V, A# s = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)1 {: K) W& z+ x! |
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 V# i" E+ b. M1 j. d: G8 w3 w
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
6 z! V6 J& }! JSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 l/ } y4 I5 u. @9 [5 m. p9 ]/ `
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
: }0 |' q1 k/ G2 u- L! g' o4 t E7 p = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
4 p3 l. m2 ? L/ s1 x; t2 [/ f G' P6 e$ a) L
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.' P# [/ q8 }! x; D1 `
8 i; V3 w8 m. s: q9 o) F/ V[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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