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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
" M* t3 }2 w) {' g2 HLet n >1 be an integer
) \ A5 s- y6 k: y/ CBasis: (n=2)
7 N5 i- Y5 J# s& K/ U( t1 ` 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3, H' E P" d$ ?+ P: n
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that- j. C! B) Q( o" s) z. J0 {2 ^5 e. {
K^3 – K can by divided by 3." A0 W7 W6 b* h, }8 ^$ s2 ~
- \' d) T- i9 @Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3) U2 d4 t8 t$ z
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
, Y" p4 l/ Z: e8 ?6 ]5 N! s8 aThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)3 m) l. N% T4 E2 h
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
* q _9 Y. j2 t = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K); g6 K+ D. q! a6 ~- a3 r
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 r( P- X2 ?: k) _- P
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
+ s6 d- c6 }7 X! OSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)/ M2 {& c, e0 ~& t# C( I
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
3 D- a: @4 ^- K = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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" I o( X/ L8 w% w: Y1 V+ M2 P8 ~Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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! `* e: B/ H/ G- e[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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