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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)& D) d4 D s- |
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Proof:
( l& W- l: Q$ l; [" gLet n >1 be an integer
) A: \* j0 d& JBasis: (n=2)
# b: Z1 ~ O: I 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that- W: H/ r% O3 ~- C5 f
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.8 }8 ~, f, ^8 I3 n9 D9 a
0 t5 a7 Q* z9 CNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3( h- R" z$ J% w( Q
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem9 Q9 Y3 J2 o! u) F+ }9 C' y K
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
3 \, w4 O; l. o d9 }* H/ z: M = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K5 n/ `3 X: V1 a- f! O
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)2 l9 p6 j0 s( e* U# J+ h' J
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)' C! F6 ]. j/ |9 ^! _
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
1 x9 Q7 y. K# C, k; m% bSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K). c0 h2 n; s. ~1 L; f J+ f
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
: J* _, O* |8 ?+ K3 ? = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 32 f: J& \- [! n; F
( Y4 M) [& R9 N) B; x! `/ O5 C. XConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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5 {/ P* {! a% a1 B; y" q+ V[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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