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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof: 4 e; p. X A3 s- |3 I2 |
Let n >1 be an integer 9 W5 }4 _& C1 i# z& i
Basis: (n=2)" h$ ^* p; @5 ^: [
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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: H+ \5 X3 O5 p; |9 c9 v2 RInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
5 }3 ^+ f% q' X% f K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 32 b# e3 r- P; E* Y& n5 I3 z
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
) S- O" c0 A% o: ?6 XThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)! t6 a0 B; V5 {5 F4 j
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
2 p% {& L3 C V' g. ] = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K). A5 e; r- }3 U
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)& H; J3 U h4 G+ d5 z2 m" d) w
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0( ^( J/ \% \+ u* w
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
8 W0 s8 Y" F# U* Q- A9 R7 h! r = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
; U* F4 q" N" Z% b7 a2 V = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 38 T( Q; U$ b9 s- H
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.; W/ t' b. H5 g# g- [
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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