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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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- L, Z7 n) H- S6 H' T2 F5 z& NProof:
) J( C. N% c/ N/ p4 DLet n >1 be an integer
2 r! I; k5 g* O: ?" j1 l8 o! xBasis: (n=2)2 ?) R7 C2 _( |2 L
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3# f0 U6 s( e5 |% D
x9 X2 y0 \ H' r0 @ g- O, j: n
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that- `: v0 ?( j# ]0 [% C
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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# U* ]& T' P5 ANow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3- z6 d3 T3 K# g% T j4 g
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
1 c% x3 Z8 x7 B! ` D6 i0 R) JThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
1 ]6 u0 j J+ M. f = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
8 I& j, ?. D$ r5 z* M' @ = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
# G* U3 t, |- z = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
$ U! A( V c4 Y4 jby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0, ^( Q- ~$ J2 f" Q. K9 L4 k
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)' o+ D! J5 G7 S+ ?3 O. W: A) u
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)1 Q E4 G- [; I' c7 H
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.$ t/ e" q% h" C" B
- V3 e/ I, w, Y3 d: S! g[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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