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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
* l' s& W4 s5 ?8 Q# {$ Q+ \Let n >1 be an integer 9 Y ]' y1 M5 [' T4 i* z
Basis: (n=2)
. c1 Z6 e3 W4 B$ Y 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 30 g! A Z" l% T4 o/ u( {9 h9 A& p; d
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that& K/ H! h( q, @/ X
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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4 ^& V% w, S2 \$ q- E3 I5 \7 P7 LNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
# f; P5 o7 T# \4 isince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem S0 m' F4 K, }
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)# l* O' M2 x7 N( _
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
3 W9 D$ F- H0 T1 L7 I, N; }5 |$ K- G = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
8 T5 e8 o' P, @; y7 s$ I = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) Q, n) ?; T2 m3 v- Z7 Cby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0- ?' B( [! `/ ]
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 ^; r4 w2 W# \: [% n' G = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)2 l: U1 L* {' S' w# h2 t8 G
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3! `8 I& }- G" F2 Z
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1." P% z' m4 o" ~' |9 S
$ u' l2 v# ?' C; \, d' Z[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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