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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
. |6 e4 `/ e/ v$ l, g/ ?Let n >1 be an integer
5 k" N( j* Z" D7 W2 J7 aBasis: (n=2); F" M# E* A/ |) y
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that: a' h$ t9 Q8 X8 u9 q( Y7 F
K^3 – K can by divided by 3./ v, ^3 O' ~% j# n/ j9 T3 U
" j- l$ I$ s `' NNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3! H$ O9 A1 @" y3 N
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
9 R* M) I9 M( m' DThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)' I) A6 {! h1 k+ O/ ?1 d% e' W% J
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K2 y& ?3 u& C. D! u
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)5 r, m8 m2 d( u1 [7 i
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
! [ X( V6 _$ M% _8 J; e3 o- Qby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
* f6 }$ K" [$ ]1 Z4 wSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
w6 }+ m( C1 L = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 m# D a5 n8 T& y+ _ = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3! s( S1 }7 d1 r V7 j! E: w( I
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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