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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)1 R: @ n3 a: @
! {2 F" j. e0 ZProof:
T4 j3 L# W: q1 r: Q* h3 jLet n >1 be an integer % y( p6 e% J; ]" c7 V
Basis: (n=2)! {- H, C2 E1 D9 K5 N k
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
+ r; \8 T5 l R' x5 Z2 n: q" {- t, z( P4 G3 l+ h0 t
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
& D# Q# K: C& j9 ~ K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
' n- N: Z3 F, }# @& M# K, i* i3 A
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 36 }; Y8 H- Z7 @1 N- I7 }
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
8 J: E" N, ~6 bThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
' v- J6 w) ~4 f9 M G = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K" I6 x7 `# M+ G3 r7 t+ s1 l
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
) I& R8 @5 H# ^3 u/ i4 U = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
( h* l7 e! c5 g& c3 Cby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
( \* h" \0 n! J0 C; `5 lSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
% ] m1 l" }6 p = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)* p0 b" `1 k6 f
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3! Y' j+ s! p# d/ y
) T) G4 H# o# |" x( w) a2 |
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.6 x) f. P4 G( R) U, H1 N
) X$ X2 d0 w0 S0 \[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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