 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
5 M. n* M- O! N+ p; J0 [" U- `1 x5 d0 Q- D
Proof:
5 c7 I3 Q& _$ {+ M" T% z6 F3 nLet n >1 be an integer 9 c4 ~& K z& w H4 n% }
Basis: (n=2)# j1 h3 }- c* u0 t+ A
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 34 o- G5 r) g7 w. e
" p3 ?7 B" j& t; }Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
, f5 M& l9 ]% E$ j% ?* S8 C K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
' a& I- f. C# t5 m) W9 s; w$ d; g0 \& W) E3 p
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 33 p$ ~4 y/ z8 j) _4 N3 m
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem% W: N1 e9 S2 ~) b8 i
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)% A: g& c0 s7 l) _/ ]
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
$ M; f8 l- l: @0 R+ O9 ]4 b = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
b/ w2 Z) M1 H5 u* m+ s = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K) f* }+ O7 b) f
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
2 E$ X/ r0 o# T7 H6 \So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)- k) r8 k9 C1 h) l/ x! T' e" o
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K) S6 \% N o# ~0 m; y& T8 g K
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3' U# s" e( @1 `9 \ _3 [
2 I7 L8 u2 z8 q# h6 L
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.( m" @; j( h2 }6 O+ g6 `
5 Z A9 }, t) _) _' c; ~" W# z/ Z
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|