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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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7 a4 V* t: b- ]0 o1 e2 sProof: a4 L- ?" V0 L2 j Z/ A: J) a
Let n >1 be an integer
, \% T4 t5 t, Z5 CBasis: (n=2). h% U2 O4 B v! ]
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3% e( `- Q7 q' f9 h0 ]) k
* b, A, E( q1 I, g6 \/ GInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that& |0 W* G( v; j' f" n
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.3 p0 D* ~/ R& [) }1 w4 g0 n, y
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3 V) q: V2 v* G6 V" a
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem' q- X4 x( A. f4 V7 ]+ P {" R. o
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)% N/ q' K) e0 @" j* N
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K, } j, y$ g1 u) Q9 `+ R p( s
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
; J- ^6 c* y; n! U* I = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
' _8 n& a+ l2 A! C( U' a* D* b" \2 rby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0, n K0 Q! m8 Y: z0 N: Q
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# N8 [4 O5 d( h: }% E
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 D9 W# F0 H$ Q- R
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3* |( c c) t% k" x3 G& s: L- b4 U
/ Q. W K5 O5 ~' {$ q( mConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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