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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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# [ N4 K8 X' n# E% NProof:
+ ?, F% B; W [6 f. n1 \' QLet n >1 be an integer 8 Z% x+ ^$ d# S, _( \: n- j
Basis: (n=2)- E3 G/ L, V2 d1 Z9 [! n9 D$ f
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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( {& y" ]# U/ V# QInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that; J6 ]) O& W- K, M) J3 f
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.; z7 O- S8 S- j# P& G
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 32 Z9 _- \2 J" x+ J' }
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem8 m# c9 a! q0 b2 u$ e
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)! V9 e3 }$ S/ l* v7 c7 ?3 b* N
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K# H* X) L8 @# k; C
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
7 g- {# n1 J9 k8 w. | = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)' ]# |, d! c; _8 Q5 Z
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
( k: }# L- |/ W" o/ {; ESo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)* ~3 C) Z. x) ]3 M: g7 ^6 m
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 n+ Q7 u' S7 {7 Z8 {
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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- i' q$ j0 H4 R- p; qConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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