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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n), K" U( g" h. `9 |
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Proof: # @$ I9 s) u m. w3 U: K
Let n >1 be an integer 6 j' r5 d3 W1 g. P$ T. |3 p p/ d
Basis: (n=2)
' R, q) ^( T0 f6 B 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
3 V3 [6 b% k- o) T. a/ m; r# c+ T# a$ N
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that" D* M9 E) p0 T, H8 M+ s* d
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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4 x( D2 e8 P' O0 \Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3# L: }* ^& E T
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem) @+ |7 K* T7 p* r
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)" t9 H: \, L1 N3 n
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K) Y5 [; t8 ?% @ h
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
$ ]" y( p2 G( S0 Q, H- u0 w1 q. n- l = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
' O; U* ~" u; p( {by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>08 a' _* H* v$ B% \ Q2 D9 N A; n
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
" N- z0 ?6 q* e& a+ ]7 h = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, {; }( G, ?& w' p) o& b5 Z = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.0 A, g( H! }7 r$ W/ J
7 v1 m6 w3 @9 R1 Z1 l[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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