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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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% `( g9 z' J, ]! e1 o' `. u1 qProof: , ^8 N: `& s0 P! b
Let n >1 be an integer * u5 Z! Y5 e& n) L% y
Basis: (n=2)/ G0 o& Y$ m' I/ e2 F& r0 T
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
! x: _2 n3 T/ O" G: K% o K^3 – K can by divided by 3.9 E) o" r; \( w2 e" ?
7 u3 B9 c& V YNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 33 Z6 g0 M4 S3 n: R- B/ c
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
9 z# L! ^6 V9 p1 B" r1 }Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)* ?3 a: X1 v2 ]1 R0 _, y# a
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K* Q) G2 r* G+ Z
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)3 e* d, [9 G. _( f6 Q: a8 S
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
. r ?$ n, E: r0 q% |by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0* e9 K4 p' V1 T: V) X& V
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
+ @( Z5 ^5 k, A) T5 a5 O% ] a# f = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K), T$ b! ^# k7 r8 g& P
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 39 @ k$ f4 @4 N8 J
2 Z U: z* ^3 ^, U, |; S! AConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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