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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
* G2 Z' ?9 h! N8 TLet n >1 be an integer 3 q, ]* M, r1 y' f2 V1 d+ F9 x/ G
Basis: (n=2)2 U4 h& ]! c4 H* W
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
) L2 h; i$ R+ w, d K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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4 G" m" l: q$ E" o( a% oNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 33 H: M& d. r- y) {4 C
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem B+ ~' O0 o, \$ K
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
5 g0 Y( k7 m- @ L: g = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K5 H0 Y6 Q P+ v0 G
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
" }, ]+ k; Q5 y! P2 Y5 ?1 S = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
' d* N9 D$ M4 t3 iby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0( @! L7 y+ R# J% {1 K, q+ V1 o2 x; z
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# V. Y* g; C/ g( s" {7 L9 X
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)) v/ h2 a2 B: K3 E7 X( m
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.3 V) }9 O. G3 e- W) x+ ~# u) G x0 Z
% }5 v) L$ A- \1 O8 W4 K9 A[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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