 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n); x/ I0 e: m* R. |* z9 l
# r! d2 h) ~& V* mProof:
. s1 R/ r u3 ZLet n >1 be an integer
" J5 V) u7 K9 ]1 f$ j( Z- } GBasis: (n=2)& v$ {9 {: G6 p
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3. Q, G9 O# m$ R; b, F0 q# W0 x0 u
8 I$ C- v, @0 o' p/ ?
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
" _2 ~2 ~, ~* e0 _. H K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
& r6 _2 B2 [3 w+ ?5 C& g: Z% Z2 x3 K( y, C
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3- b3 l9 P& {/ Y( |0 V
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
/ B8 a* @9 p5 L+ t9 [& R$ ^Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
* g8 y2 Z$ r* Y! A% ~& e- n4 X! R = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K4 X" G/ M9 c9 F2 L8 ?& {
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K) u3 Z1 |: ~) o# v
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
/ @+ i- t3 R; \1 r4 Nby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0$ z, u! v! T& I3 D2 P
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K); B& F' w: w6 h9 X+ c, k
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ ]- Y3 o( a4 R' q4 l0 b
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
& C+ e* E F# k7 }* P! x: T7 ?( m! l1 a
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.8 w' U L7 ?$ L4 V; F& _
( @! i5 m0 M% }; i0 k
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|