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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof: * {) g6 {* P6 H1 S: I6 q
Let n >1 be an integer 7 M. F2 [% f2 y# T5 w& n
Basis: (n=2)
( Q- q0 v+ Q' M6 q* n- j7 P7 [ 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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8 a' b/ {6 V. ^$ ~! vInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
8 Z& J4 e; q$ y/ B K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3) ~. N* ^4 n! a5 ~- m2 w& G
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem# F( ~4 _/ }) O& k% L
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)5 a' }: w4 [5 J- h
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
+ b$ }6 }' `& ]3 M. W6 l = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
2 w! H0 q4 P# m' Q/ u0 n# f = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
3 O- h9 \8 H/ W& dby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0/ O4 n3 s! o! u4 [$ E @
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
. z& M4 C' l( J# g = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)9 u" \: l" W6 ]
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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2 |3 M" ?( A4 GConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1." p, Y( p. q3 l5 P
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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