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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)& U: C& A# _! C, C$ N C$ E
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Proof: 7 \6 y- B2 W6 D# |! I
Let n >1 be an integer
' e5 Q6 s3 G8 t! p, O. Z, @Basis: (n=2)* a4 E4 Y X( c" V% }+ s0 [2 i
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3% V' Z- X, r* @4 o
: j8 N+ ^4 I" I& p+ K/ t: TInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
' e% n4 |2 n- N9 z o# U K^3 – K can by divided by 3.; r5 G0 I# \/ [& J9 R4 n$ S' D7 N
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
$ B) V. b% U2 t% N8 P4 Tsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem% S% i/ [# H5 ^7 m8 ~
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
" j3 p' Y6 @! h0 R4 a' Y = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K+ r5 T* u& C& q* c* \/ r2 B- `2 e
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)6 k, @3 [7 v, J$ h
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K). \2 y( P: X9 m* p
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>02 H0 |/ D2 Z) w+ v
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)5 E" a) z+ h5 m# o& I5 o
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
[( C: y# _- a' B# U) D = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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- |7 p0 t& _% c/ VConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.& [. B8 j \# F2 v+ h
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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