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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)7 m. P2 v- N, B2 ]! R8 _3 p
% f/ ^5 `9 m5 ]8 n2 M- pProof: - D2 g% B7 }$ `9 J) Z: ^1 \( j" t
Let n >1 be an integer
8 \- X8 G) R0 WBasis: (n=2)
. b' z) \6 M& P+ [ 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 38 D4 j2 b A( f9 H$ o
7 K7 P$ ?8 _: C+ U6 A4 K& x3 B
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
- F& V: N- Z/ x4 X& N K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
% z7 ~. q* ]& ^* j1 k
# |' k0 U( Q8 N4 vNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
7 j1 \0 @9 E( o# a, k- Zsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem/ j% d, A- J$ p: P
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)6 e2 C, W: Y% E# p* u
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K8 y" O6 h6 Y$ _6 @+ t
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)7 P1 r* l1 E& t: f5 C
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
1 Y5 L: \: j% l1 V- G& w& Gby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
9 O# H. L# ^9 d! a/ z, HSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)- V: o; m6 A% b+ @1 n
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
6 Y( x4 p0 J4 Y2 `) G6 t' u$ K9 \' a = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
# k5 E; h/ a1 p
7 y* y# w6 S( G7 Q% g- P$ fConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.0 g, f9 k% _4 q) f0 e& {# {
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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