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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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0 S' Y7 u. k0 HProof: 1 J b4 }/ a; J0 t
Let n >1 be an integer
6 [" X5 u8 M- ^. ^, ]2 rBasis: (n=2). H# Z/ H. M- j
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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) p y* |; m1 a, |$ oInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that3 X# y( V1 @0 |
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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! W$ ]; t7 M' g6 j% ~5 z" z' T7 oNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3) @7 r4 b5 l/ c9 }, r
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem4 [3 g5 L$ {4 _7 D8 u
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
: w! y8 i% }" W4 C2 D1 ^" W = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
2 z. @# z/ F/ B5 z/ R = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)$ B% w+ a. K* A
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ x+ I: ^4 G& g- `5 Q- s! @, y
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0) d3 S6 r; `) `, i) A) i" w
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
% n; l Q, c' L; q* U = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
: c1 J2 o* z! k9 N" Y = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3! m7 i+ M6 h+ t) B+ x# h" V# z
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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" ?( r/ b5 k9 W[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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