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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
: g1 D: N' T* y0 ?. e# eLet n >1 be an integer
- y( J/ T1 S6 w W! ]/ P+ Z ~1 rBasis: (n=2)
: f; k* R1 a! S+ E" a' h 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3. Q: }# q" p' E( r. ?, R$ w( x) j
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that$ @' b9 k3 o( f/ y8 ^/ L0 B
K^3 – K can by divided by 3., T; W# j/ f9 l. N
& c, C+ f2 l6 n5 A, `- V( VNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
) g5 r1 z) Q5 s' isince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
# U) r, `$ h- h' ]/ mThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
3 |, }" I8 d& A9 d# A) Y0 U = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
- [6 O6 T/ h$ _ = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
' r+ Z$ N/ t4 v9 V! v1 X9 Q ^0 K = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 w+ O& z- [7 eby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0 ]7 ?' u; J- x) g9 y
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)* x, M) V9 H9 T; N
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)# h- t# \4 D8 c+ } K$ f
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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. u- q! L3 J. `& O& s" W0 zConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.4 G7 b1 P% G" f$ k5 v( J/ ~$ i% r
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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