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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)" e% B/ g) ?3 ~: e S
, R6 D! t: b) }% Q, @, M7 y- _( L& sProof:
: C. b0 Z; X) w) ~2 W* \Let n >1 be an integer / Q. W" p& H5 B& b/ [' m9 Y
Basis: (n=2)3 m) t( N4 i; f3 ]" ]. S
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
9 k! P7 }! E2 {6 i9 {9 ~5 e2 D9 v6 @/ f$ b9 N, Y
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that* \$ t! B3 F& Q! g3 n" K. _( S
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.& w$ [1 \& B. }8 H5 S( w; W9 d
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
0 Q% P ~( q9 v7 i- vsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
' Q1 d$ T, d: J/ J0 eThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
) d9 b( C6 \8 T* @- @ = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
; s" |5 q" M; U c9 C( ] = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
' m7 C( m" f! F) C) F7 R = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) f$ p1 R1 F& l8 yby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
3 `: T& |# M3 y# \So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
3 _1 X2 L' W6 j8 b) L* F = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)( a3 A+ r2 ^% ~. B. n
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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