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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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( ~+ ?: z7 R2 v" q cProof:
7 ]4 c" m' q& D4 o+ A: ILet n >1 be an integer 0 n6 V# Z2 D5 V% ~. V
Basis: (n=2); g- G1 o: T4 y# \/ c* E4 f! t, u
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
( G+ t) c; W8 u! G+ g+ e K^3 – K can by divided by 3.! U( K# U+ F/ L6 n, v
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
$ l% z, H* ^4 g: q. J0 u' l5 fsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
5 j7 D% ~& [1 ?5 Y1 iThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)! o. Y9 s0 }% ]( f- M. l
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K+ j: R& h9 x5 A/ \3 J
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
, O/ {' f" P; _' L = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
" R5 _- E3 [0 Q% j/ oby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
3 K7 ?- u; {4 c: x' zSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
! O) {( U" P0 Y2 q = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 p' d, [$ f( Q
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
+ ]3 K0 x) y" u4 S6 w$ J1 o* A9 \5 W
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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