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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)* w# a2 F5 k- y/ J5 A' L
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Proof:
5 H: Z" h- K$ N4 G' o, `! ELet n >1 be an integer
- [! S5 C5 L: ?7 z2 y& `# D; iBasis: (n=2)
0 r h' ?, H9 w+ z. ^( b+ Y0 L 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that* M( I0 u U$ ?/ J0 q6 I
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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8 I$ B+ r/ w; y$ F5 r9 i6 a$ kNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3% N/ G/ E7 y1 K; M# n# y' S9 ~
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
0 w$ e4 U$ x& ]; w( nThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)7 Z2 S/ R9 j/ r5 {. V+ d
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K5 J# g* z$ ]/ H' v; E: A% i$ P4 c
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)$ C. M; P* h3 W9 w8 m3 a
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)) {' {5 e* M* b' t
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
- a1 Q9 B5 C& @5 W7 vSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# x+ k! `! ? G8 f! K" I = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 K1 `) Z4 ]5 t( U! u( i0 w& ~ = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3$ d2 w T& o P3 w
1 E9 d. f7 `0 P6 {Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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