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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)0 X+ j0 M3 n5 e3 H7 g( p" x: ?
' v+ S3 L& r$ F9 V2 YProof: ) U \: w! ]. g: v' |
Let n >1 be an integer 5 @1 K$ d, f6 O5 y
Basis: (n=2)0 V/ ]$ u: {0 K
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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3 V' E$ L# f% G& L& iInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that, n. E3 P& W/ {/ f: ]5 a
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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3 _0 _) E$ X/ H, q* w$ VNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
" d7 \% X- d( ?$ _0 Tsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem( b. Y3 e2 {8 \8 T
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
: M2 T' q. K8 ^5 m = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
& d+ q4 ` G2 {* n! K = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)3 M( D3 s7 D: D# n6 g3 d
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) C* A0 M" ^ T7 A4 M# n: J6 Kby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
% S9 \6 w* L/ a- qSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
( N+ |( @/ T8 q, N+ ]$ `$ r = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, G' v- W1 S2 Y/ j = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
5 I1 d9 F1 Q! @0 K i2 ]! y9 H5 j% \, T
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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" C( D1 g; N' A. q- G1 N; c# a[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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