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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)0 g9 V: H4 I2 e9 x
: e1 ?& S! o7 O; g/ R; s& S5 MProof:
( c* @1 Y7 I1 U) iLet n >1 be an integer
% O4 ^; I' S7 ~% H6 LBasis: (n=2)
a/ Q5 C1 Z. a; D 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
! K4 \/ F* f+ I7 w2 N+ u# X2 [& {/ [- c4 |/ @) B3 n" p. L
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
( T/ n+ Q: u' {$ u$ Z K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
1 G3 z& o. j- J; Z& w; K3 x1 y) L, V' Y8 ~6 c: p0 h3 Y0 x
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3- I# O% p7 ~5 C
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
0 [- L1 P$ ]0 C. }. ZThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
: Q9 g* D* W, h0 r+ d, e7 s = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K/ Z, w3 j. _5 S* i9 h/ h* w7 [1 |
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
9 y1 ]+ s- i- ]8 D = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 X8 v# L9 m/ M# R' a
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
9 e- y3 V8 D$ s: I8 o3 ?/ SSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) y; M) C1 V \+ M1 R = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 s; B- _: C1 G& \0 l$ T
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3! G4 G) G) A% {: z1 C4 r
! x+ P6 R9 D% K6 P8 a! r; h0 T
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.! b5 {0 I- x" S7 T4 J
% L' B% V7 h7 B[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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