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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n), h! `8 R2 {7 l1 S4 }: Q2 I$ I4 i
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Proof: + C, q; A3 a# ^ N
Let n >1 be an integer
) ^8 b8 B3 |9 P% t( ]( M, _Basis: (n=2)$ M2 D; o9 _( N/ v* \/ O
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
0 N/ K" l" J c a% H: c) T8 s' o9 H E' H
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
7 s5 r% E2 J0 f K^3 – K can by divided by 3.: K& [9 L) F2 a3 ]- p
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
( |( b) F% G2 @, h7 }# csince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
; |# d) J$ r6 e3 V# c2 p! a" RThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)) j" h# t0 p! Y! i& P
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
- [9 I& U f0 v3 S = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)8 G9 v7 f/ `8 m6 k* S. i
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)+ ^7 t J& S+ m" B
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
, P) o( q- u% M# D3 FSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
3 N) n" s, n& a/ k1 { Z* C3 r = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)* r' I, r% F: ~
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3. G, D- T8 k' C/ j% l$ d* u
4 D+ _3 s9 L0 J7 o9 b3 t/ ~ T" f
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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2 f; i; G' [0 J/ o1 h! Y5 W ?% p[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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