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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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( `# l" `( ], e3 XProof: / _6 f: w! o9 {, Q L5 l
Let n >1 be an integer
& D' }# e7 m( v ~2 `Basis: (n=2)
: S3 ]) U$ K( v" @$ q 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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3 w- |6 [$ z" N( j$ dInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
3 w* q$ Q* P. f& S K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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% S9 X( W% ~7 D% O3 `Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
: h# R& \3 \( }9 esince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
. ?4 [3 @( [0 B' fThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)2 q" p" [; {3 l( Q. ?( g& g7 e3 `
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
& ]8 W, j5 s+ w' b& E( `& j* w* S% o = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)) N9 U q) E# w1 Q0 {& U
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 @& @, Z7 R$ L ~ p wby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
9 H, [- C1 G/ r T6 OSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
/ u, ?: h+ k3 n, R = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)) N: b9 s1 N3 P4 d
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3: R& I; w- E8 ^
) z6 J8 Q9 \2 ?7 RConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.5 I: b. j- m. R* t8 f+ O
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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