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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)$ K' P# N8 g* e( P# Y- v" G
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Proof: / T1 t) [& _8 ?3 \3 j6 U
Let n >1 be an integer
: V3 W$ Z* v& k5 y9 sBasis: (n=2)
! g( J9 i3 V3 \ 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
( P6 k! u, Q. Q* q* \ X$ F8 Q+ d5 l" n; ]1 f9 L; _4 G$ q4 }
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that' |: r7 Y& u+ C' C5 N
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.7 n8 j( L7 o7 j+ m
* n% ]# V5 h- MNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
5 V- x8 ^/ k* X) _( I; U9 Isince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
- N+ A* q9 V9 S- f ~8 NThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
5 b- s: E% q* { = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K+ s- ^5 H' s2 B8 c) b( T; [. p7 X
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K): V* G4 R' q. `- f/ _* M6 O
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# P J4 {% _$ X
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
; {! k; D6 a9 _* PSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 h8 K2 L; s' _/ M% ?: |( g = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K), _& V1 `5 f2 G0 Z
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 33 ]3 a+ }3 _7 H: F9 t2 S
G0 _! g( i/ A7 t7 A# ^- F
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.5 j B+ T L0 a
# F) s2 F8 K( w8 [/ z3 h4 i[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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