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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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9 }& @: G) h- V; y) {0 [Proof: 5 N5 D7 r5 Q; | O$ y
Let n >1 be an integer 5 c: V9 L$ H$ E; s
Basis: (n=2)
7 r% u) s/ R) j8 e 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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* X5 j1 u: K# y4 EInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
. n7 v; ^3 c+ }; x0 ?& K7 |' ]) ] K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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- D2 D9 U& o& T' [9 O nNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
; @0 D6 h' f# a+ |2 H3 zsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
L5 ]0 r' V% b. p7 GThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
2 V- {2 i4 i2 a# a) `9 `# k+ \# o8 m = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K2 b' p, s8 t5 |/ T
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)* @- M/ I+ ~$ B2 ]1 T
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 ^* S6 v' u+ ~by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
: N& D" ~& a- ^2 p3 H( R7 ISo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# F! m" a4 N: u4 K2 O+ H5 U = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)& p2 g. H" U7 S, z7 [( A
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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6 O% t2 Z, H U6 x& f' k; xConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.. G; L, v6 d9 U7 w9 E4 ^& Y+ O
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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