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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
; O9 H/ a2 S |* X: q( J7 k/ N& OLet n >1 be an integer
0 x; G9 y9 y- |* ^' I9 vBasis: (n=2)& _, o7 f, P* a
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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, h8 F9 ~8 W+ |- L# S5 H: }. B+ B# d) IInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
& c7 v/ B& a- w K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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8 H% N9 D* K, B+ fNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3. u1 T- U$ D0 D$ X1 L1 X
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem3 k: b1 k- H, ^
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)! _- t! \1 D, V+ [# N
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
3 B2 H' ]( |9 ~" O- W& P9 w = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
3 X' r& l. @2 ?3 K( m = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# O" H* d, ^, S( ^# \( f
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
H0 l+ ], s) b& `; f0 \3 {So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
! ]4 S! O7 p3 ` = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 P. X: Y9 d9 _+ D3 u* K o; P = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3: b2 Y% n8 }! C
X7 K: O, H( S8 B* i9 o& J
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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. Z/ W" u0 J+ r: |[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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