 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)$ o; X2 W1 ~- l' ?) o& y F& R4 Z4 D Y
; Z: @: N" ]! ^5 w3 e) F/ ~( V( zProof: 5 q \: J) Z5 f0 ^' [
Let n >1 be an integer 8 y& R- C) g t: E
Basis: (n=2)
6 Q0 s+ e: a% s) @1 i. v3 I; Q8 g' ^ 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
2 W3 @: g: Z8 [3 e6 e8 I
" g3 C5 j H8 v; { NInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
/ ^$ h. P0 M2 _: W, X K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
@0 C% D5 j1 E" |' A, c. D7 A8 \1 }# [2 j+ L$ O
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
; t; a# p2 C- f" s' Zsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
+ X a, _6 ?# c' `Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
8 a# `2 L, j" a* Y = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K' D4 F6 v6 V4 t2 o) j7 l% [
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
0 H! u" G3 A5 U6 u- H, y = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
1 F' t- ]/ a1 Cby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0. K# T/ _& c+ W( \
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)9 s4 X' f9 l0 c$ t/ G
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
" l' ~% }; N# i = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 39 y: s5 V% u6 E/ K
, ^+ M' e, [: ]" d% }! q/ M3 j
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
. r# Z* g# y' U0 B, @7 L7 s% a: j9 {/ P0 O4 q0 O. n0 G
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|