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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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5 C. j. y+ n5 o7 D4 nProof:
6 R$ V7 P; t% u7 H& l9 ~Let n >1 be an integer
1 o l5 l4 H5 J+ c1 `* BBasis: (n=2)1 _2 C1 I. L8 n- t6 m
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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9 i h9 D, Q1 E8 d/ jInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that% }' N8 b. o5 L$ U2 v7 Y7 z0 ~
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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" C. `. K0 ^8 H1 |. `Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
, \7 n& P- H8 q _" Qsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem8 R& F2 W) ^3 I. Q
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)* w3 O9 C1 [% B
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K* M0 C( Y7 a" F- p3 B$ v$ a5 m
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K), o0 n$ b5 i( D7 h/ T1 ^ e; b- T
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)! I/ L* k# s: z5 L4 J$ F3 r, ^
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0! I" z& k% S: C: j
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)* [- z+ r* A6 C. m* w: w: x$ j5 K
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)* Q5 R: m7 G( k8 ]1 ?; t9 O
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3) M' v2 j2 [# X! d" p; E& ~
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.6 y9 X5 Q0 p/ F- K2 w5 Y3 x- h
! T( B$ U& e6 o e[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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