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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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: n8 Q' @* c0 |1 kProof:
. T) h: W/ W# V: PLet n >1 be an integer $ b" f5 J% U- f7 ]: w3 j
Basis: (n=2)
- N5 u i+ t0 r1 J' Y/ s 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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# }6 c1 `, l1 [$ |4 x' G6 aInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that. t$ k w& {( ^
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.; P2 D/ Q: }2 X
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
3 W7 o3 Z, C% a2 Ysince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
& z7 n" K. Z2 p) MThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1): O4 ^$ r* S1 p9 h4 U8 ?& K
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K) c( S0 P% O' ^% i a4 F
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
t9 `9 F* v- ]: y, ^ = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)( A. F7 U/ o( L$ W& b# a
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0) O* j- H0 r' h
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# b+ S) k0 W5 d& [
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- z+ c+ `! E& J3 h/ C = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3: q+ ^7 r; |; F" |9 L1 H6 x+ @
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.3 E* U9 M# r/ B3 S
" g1 q' I, f) h$ P8 H! a" U" s[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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