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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)8 \- w0 J0 z: b. E% T! n" I
7 S' R7 j& \1 d) kProof:
: S, [. e) H3 y8 W+ q$ ELet n >1 be an integer # U0 n8 m0 ^8 j$ D) |' m2 a" S
Basis: (n=2)
/ G7 |, J' H h) e7 _* O 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
3 Y! J `! U0 ^
: N! Q Y* F6 j8 Z( j% zInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that2 T2 w5 x6 z. f+ ]+ v) Q" g3 ]. A
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.2 Y# L1 s5 P$ E; S
) ~. y" G1 ?( T: a& C W
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3) ]1 g4 H9 t- c- m6 G0 `
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem0 k! h0 q& i }' o9 T- @
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)6 p+ E1 J8 o/ o6 ^2 e
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K/ \& Z2 I8 I1 }
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
. v. D8 s0 a" A. C& N# N1 z = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K), M' N6 |+ @: H! P6 x9 i- _
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
# g: F5 {* U" C4 a& ]. qSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
& D' E* r' r' J% ?- t; Y = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
6 I7 y5 L/ x5 a- I o ^ = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3+ o+ S$ S3 v j7 w2 q z
$ f- E* |9 Z5 k" q0 l
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.7 g: U. F& o2 U2 P7 S, Q
+ D9 y \3 e" B[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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