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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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. ^* N; _7 Z5 j1 {7 @8 f) RProof: 0 K. v. Y9 U4 g2 T) M8 t
Let n >1 be an integer
. [0 }' X; l4 W3 Q: N+ a) h* C, `$ |Basis: (n=2)
( e: k- d7 `2 q- d 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3% r! D# Z6 H1 y2 _
! P. I8 ^5 ^% ]# k/ {# P. Y. J& bInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that6 ^4 c' m7 B! k. E$ s! x
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.8 V8 K2 U/ X& _( V) j
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3/ d2 |* u& [% z& B
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
+ Q: X. _% n" m0 z- o; r Z8 KThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)7 j6 z5 s, p E9 H3 ]5 w$ M. l
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
, l( Z$ v6 _* f) y: S, E; H. b = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)' a4 r/ ^' h2 X' w
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
) U8 p; i, _( k9 v( [by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
( o# A& ~" T8 FSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, D+ Y q% O8 w3 ] = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 q* S* G$ |( D+ w = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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