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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Let n >1 be an integer , t7 W; `7 m6 ^1 Z1 \
Basis: (n=2)* m: @ C% X& F% t H6 W' X
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 35 Q7 s: W: y% C
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
2 |7 p# @2 h" X% C$ n% u+ l/ } K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3' G4 T" D- t4 [3 d
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem: O( M( S& k# i/ l; M
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)7 u9 \6 d# G! Q! s+ }
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K2 d3 ~( H8 c/ b, H2 r' `5 a
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
3 F n$ Y3 {3 S8 u. i& j = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
3 T4 @% l/ W5 ~% S" r& @by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>00 }3 L4 M* W9 {, f- h7 t( l# G1 R
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
9 {9 g: m2 P) K = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- c* c8 L2 S1 ^4 q4 P9 c = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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