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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n). W7 D/ B* ?9 R; V( e3 J, i! m! ~
) F, x: F4 [, Q$ [5 S1 MProof:
! o8 V- s/ y4 n9 s6 fLet n >1 be an integer
" y2 o+ o/ c/ u7 m2 }1 yBasis: (n=2)7 }4 j8 Q3 o3 P* ]' d( a8 B* t
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
" H4 ?9 u- ~9 B* B/ v
) o1 c) y$ [6 B; E/ LInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
$ s- y* I2 H. F3 I$ w: A, M K^3 – K can by divided by 3.9 b2 \7 B3 b. s: @/ s5 v& W" y- p
3 X1 |/ E; c7 ^- ]Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
% \7 ^* b) s9 R1 R) t% A5 ^' ?" csince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
6 S) e- v( o+ X/ i4 i8 u7 lThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
7 D( H+ Q( f) H = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
; z; ]: [: b) r" S% L6 c = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
- i i. o, q. P = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
9 W3 J8 u, V8 \by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0' _; l1 ~( Q9 b# D- U* I4 F
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)' ?- ]% g) a, {$ N: {
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ ~' c- C7 y! X# I: R
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
& ]' u! W; L2 I+ e/ S: z
- T. ~. g3 v: a D/ w8 C5 j. zConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.+ g% Y1 \+ F# H! k+ n$ x; b
7 s+ }8 b" B4 c g[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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