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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)1 L6 ?6 {* V9 x; l v3 E0 b
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Proof: . M9 d3 x' x* |7 g
Let n >1 be an integer
2 u" P4 S# k% L, `9 ^+ l' DBasis: (n=2), Q! U0 Y, _0 |6 ]' Z* R
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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5 R" f& r3 j: D: m$ i# v }Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
7 Y; V4 b8 Z4 d( I3 D K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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* p% L; C4 f! ^% {7 ~( W u( `Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
$ X$ [7 y. |, c( W+ x' P9 t4 t8 qsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem0 E2 g" T! G9 V# O" u$ k0 I
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1): C w7 M( Q: y( `/ m# c; U# [
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K: t6 ]- X8 n% w# m" Z; l
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)& l) E5 C2 ~, X
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
; s1 C$ o6 x( j* [by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
6 U3 c# }) Q8 @' @" L6 I& p6 k" ]' vSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
" e% P' W1 G, I( ~ = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
' C. A/ ^% ^) M9 ]5 f = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3' n$ u# s9 K, C3 g2 u! P
8 ?0 h4 ?! y3 H1 ^) ]" D1 s( O* }' a$ oConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.. w9 |, \9 X( V' U0 H
5 F& M2 Q9 z+ E/ A[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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