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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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6 T$ o+ @4 `) o* T# f$ [7 i0 mProof:
) `. _ B. ]8 c7 W1 c5 e6 z3 hLet n >1 be an integer
: H5 ]3 N) U9 g Y4 |9 [Basis: (n=2) a% I$ U9 C) N8 C
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
$ x3 m- F/ q' Q G K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3+ a! @# s0 [/ f% y+ U+ }# p* I
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem ^/ m+ y' F# S
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)0 } J: S8 z* a3 d6 M2 N
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K" ` r2 u. x+ h: d0 J
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
* Y) \" T; F) `6 I: g/ K* a& d = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
; f" h# k$ w4 l- y* uby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
# L2 C+ g. n* ?3 cSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
* f8 H$ g9 F. ^) P = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)3 B @9 P: @ Y7 A1 e$ h/ r
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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. X* R' z) j. }% dConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.+ E3 \ ]6 G2 {$ R" y4 I
! v) T) W | B8 t# M& \4 \[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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