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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
* ?$ O( u H( m; iLet n >1 be an integer
1 ^0 v( H! {, TBasis: (n=2)" K& E# B/ ]* `( t1 ?' g( X
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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6 S* W7 Z! @5 S- }Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that. |$ W4 `6 N& L: T2 a! h
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.+ ~- m4 t' b8 ^$ @) r
7 r% D' F, Q. C3 N, bNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3) N. t9 m- \! F* |+ H6 B6 \
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
* ?- Y+ @- i% l2 `; rThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
0 L, J$ u; A' y6 k' T- ^ = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K* v R% M" \) K
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
; j& `, J7 r/ Q. } = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 s/ y" _ w% |0 t9 X
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
' f2 N* e$ p) i- a8 \3 ISo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
6 _* K8 |- n$ ?! U9 D, I& F9 ^! \ = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K). U. i6 S2 b8 o
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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( p# K; s5 \/ \- S; d! [. T[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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