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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)4 p2 O: v# F" @$ y! P
. T2 k0 d3 N% d- b5 t! A" ZProof: 6 Z: {; K; ]1 j" w5 o
Let n >1 be an integer ' |9 o( [5 _" V' x) a# X
Basis: (n=2)1 R0 J, A8 J) L/ Y9 j w
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3: u& v) x" N7 P: @
( \) g1 t( D; q K' bInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
6 t+ X$ U5 x9 P9 W K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
# T2 k& S) |, p" j5 g) i( O( v7 ]9 e) z0 d8 }2 m
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3( F0 P$ j- E, t; |
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
2 \" B* ]" L8 gThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
! ?! A. I l/ w' P = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K+ K& n$ r( C: i4 }9 T2 f' K
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)% M* x5 |3 F% C# x" n
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K) u* d' h A( k, o6 y7 r
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0! A! C1 C0 M& E8 A+ _
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K), K9 P1 z) v) S- P
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 U. ]5 @ N" v% F" s& @8 n = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
% J0 R" f8 K( P' M% M8 D: P4 s5 P5 u+ a0 Q) M; @) a* D
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
( c& t5 Q% k2 Z" |2 q8 M- H1 |4 x+ d& ^% G
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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