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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)4 ?1 j/ S- b/ c" g. y8 J
% L6 G& k0 _9 O' uProof: 8 u* I# u/ i4 ?2 s' s G# j
Let n >1 be an integer
5 i) m( n2 d1 HBasis: (n=2)0 f2 x8 l5 O( D
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
, _4 X. K p: c& F
8 i: L3 y& f+ l' YInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that4 c) A: W% C1 V; R
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.$ r8 I- U+ e% j+ H9 R1 M: o
3 \% @/ a7 W g- j! TNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3- q* T" t" o# ~4 ~0 W$ M7 P* F
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem# N9 q5 O7 a& I7 r
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)* H1 v9 f/ U) y# i, O
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
: g5 J8 _6 b, p5 q0 | = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)* K' \5 C1 j' `9 ?
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
$ @1 x% d/ e: H) ?by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
/ {4 P w& h1 O2 O: [So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)& g! I" l" D0 ~/ l% O
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
4 a0 v( q& f) ?. F/ B+ H = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
" v2 z: v* G1 B# H) P; e! k; F9 `0 k% q, s2 i _7 k
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.2 D, b, F$ e6 v; V7 \2 c
0 \7 ~* Z- C1 B( B) d% d
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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