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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)2 V$ H. ~; W& A6 w: ? D" X7 g) ?
* h8 I$ ^8 U: h# [Proof: / ^- d4 d& a& D4 N
Let n >1 be an integer : X/ A# X. `) J; R3 u
Basis: (n=2)
% B* j* v5 F4 w1 e 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
# t3 n6 [0 j5 y3 T: ^
7 _/ g& V# G( N& RInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
, T7 e6 y1 ^% @& \ G/ p K^3 – K can by divided by 3.# m) N. I' e) S& u+ E, m5 ~
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3% f1 B @" f$ Y( D3 t
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem2 C3 A* S9 d; _/ I$ @: V
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
+ g$ a4 N6 c D# y# y = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
" a7 g' H0 L C' b6 {4 Y9 K2 c2 E = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
- m) G! I ]2 b3 v" S6 j = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
. w% y! B- O1 U hby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
% b4 A x/ \8 iSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 ]6 A- Z( |, m8 L) [
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)5 \7 G( T% m( e) g6 l
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3' ~" q3 t* ?. M* W5 b
( P( v" m, G3 J* }) N ?6 @* n
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
: ^, m; n% j$ t: c! T) ^, Q0 A: a \7 m
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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