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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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2 {! P0 J; t! Y* f3 NProof:
9 o3 V( n+ m3 C1 j9 A0 @Let n >1 be an integer ! \8 a9 R+ [" x5 P% l7 D) Z
Basis: (n=2)
: ]# g* Q3 p6 h& N) ]5 e! L- g 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3" K+ V' [7 i/ M& h6 I
9 g; q8 W9 P$ Q) R* r, N; u, i$ ^Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
7 ^# l$ v$ R4 `) w K^3 – K can by divided by 3." {1 ]# J& A) g# r. H, w2 z0 _& S9 x
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
4 R: m$ U9 V' N' s( d+ ?) s6 q7 g3 T# L: Isince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem# c& C6 s7 v3 c8 m2 s0 P1 A) g
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)5 {4 x- I0 F. E, N
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K& U+ a0 W8 h0 Z
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
) ?& m/ L! ^9 d = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 Q" g8 O+ N/ Y# D, ]7 t
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0 y5 L0 V* i8 O9 Y" U) V6 [8 o
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
+ |# ?/ A( ?) B = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# J2 F. G) Z8 ^3 q = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
1 A2 G1 W1 u1 j8 E. H1 W5 A; d& p+ z$ _" S7 F
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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+ E: O- N5 c) J1 W# J3 t: k[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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