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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
6 _9 x, z9 I O1 \, VLet n >1 be an integer
5 E" T% {) a& s, k G) jBasis: (n=2)
1 c! B: t9 |7 E 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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8 H2 c+ P' h i4 Z- H' ~Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that9 a( x0 g! L8 D9 z8 b. a. q% m
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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3 G, X3 h* R8 m TNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
: L2 `/ S! Y2 u( Z* [8 Osince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem# I9 O7 u/ @# Q m1 s% a
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
9 v& S, M9 T5 u- l0 l = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
2 p/ ~4 p% d1 l = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)% l2 h: d5 f, x; E
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)+ h& @/ _$ S: T: v2 O. m' \! J
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0& f5 j7 m. A' |1 U; o d6 z
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
7 N7 W! S m, D. j4 T q = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
2 ]$ P$ q/ m% F$ o. w2 X = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 33 x$ k* W. I l- G$ N9 G7 p; u
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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' Y0 v! J1 y" X$ F8 T% ], J[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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