 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
NO SPEAKING, LAITY
This is my first time to address here. XIAO FENG CAN YUE wants me to tell guys how to drive a turbo car correctly so that everybody can benefit it and identify who is correct and who is a laity but which made so much boring noise. Please see the attachment that tells you how to deal with a TURBO. Do pay attention to BOOST R.M.P, PEAK TOUQUE R.M.P, and PEAK HORSEPOWER R.M.P.
9 A* F" `* e+ l8 |" h! m& d$ W/ Y. o7 U W( H* z
7 `4 t: i$ E1 z9 u! i% j4 G0 c1 X Q" uTech Sheet
, S8 C3 o1 ]3 o+ C8 F$ A‘Frequently Asked’4 j/ w) G" H* l
‘Turbo Questions’(In no particular order)
0 A2 w8 Z/ X) t) i; h1 j3 y+ WYour turbocharger is engineered to match the specific requirements of the engine it is
3 Z+ b0 x' `' w5 [fitted to. Each is dependent on the other to maintain optimum performance. Don't
1 B! \) R0 ]% Y/ {9 bthink of the turbo as a bolt-on accessory, rather as an integral part of the engine. The$ y/ X6 Z& B8 a9 H, ^" [
turbo's requirements are similar to the engine’s. It is, therefore, essential that3 \+ O7 n7 u1 M) J
scheduled servicing, using good quality oils and parts, is central to caring for your; G: V/ h- M1 H9 u" }
turbo.
/ Y" `0 e/ J& KIn many instances Berrima Diesel receive turbochargers which have been
: z2 B: s% F5 n7 zmisdiagnosed as having a turbo problem, when actually the turbo is not at fault.
O _. o6 w% h9 n8 LIncorrect fault finding is often caused by a lack of product knowledge. Many
8 ]- _. c2 _$ U) fcontributory items around the engine bay can trick the unsuspecting into believing the
& {: {& s( a. u u3 Kturbo is the culprit, when in fact it is not. Unfortunately, if the real problem is not& d; x1 ~ l. J
diagnosed before a replacement turbocharger is fitted, the problem still exists!* L t- D$ k8 A& W( w
We have a saying at Berrima Diesel which goes, "Turbos don't die. They’re killed". A2 t9 S; G& `. V) V# y$ o% w$ d# ~
turbo can be killed in many ways.
* z1 l S( d3 E+ J VForeign object damage results in either the air intake "compressor wheel" or exhaust# I" Z, [/ R( g0 V% w
"turbine" wheel being damaged. The former is often caused by someone accidentally: h. O7 p; @' {) E
leaving a nut or other foreign body in the air induction hoses. Please be extremely3 L: @2 B" ?2 Q9 X7 c* F
careful if going to an aftermarket air-filter. Genuine is bests there! In the latter case,7 d! a# g. {. u4 {$ Z
this may be caused by part of an engine component, such as a piece of valve, exiting7 ?3 ~9 z; D8 s. }- \
the engine in rather a hurry! In both cases it results in severe turbocharger damage' \7 J5 w/ p! g, {
instantly." m+ l7 X, g+ F$ u
Turbochargers are simple in operation, but manufactured to precise tolerances as fine
* f0 E ~( J/ ]2 fas 1/ 1,000,000 of an inch. The turbo unit manufacturers balance and test every single) U2 ^0 q2 F1 p- X# E
turbocharger many times, including final assembly. The balancing methods and$ K4 C! a9 `2 i" J8 Q& A+ P% K+ J
procedures are unique. Without them, no turbocharger can be balanced to the ultrafine
4 b5 S* y0 @ T9 }( Ltolerances required for today’s high speed turbos. It is now common for3 @' g* \) n! y5 P; Z
turbochargers to spin up to 150,000 rpm +.# G- n' [. ^% E6 _" Y, O4 {1 Q
That’s approximately 35 times faster than most diesel engines rev at the red line!
' I3 ]. n4 b- {+ tSophisticated machinery and highly trained factory staff ensure that the highest
7 g. L4 t, E- R$ xstandards are always maintained.1 }7 c$ M2 J7 G* V* i4 H
Useful tips when driving any turbocharged engine, whether it be petrol or diesel, are
( g6 n% k C+ _; e4 [3 qto always allow the engine to warm-up fully, until the water temperature gauge
7 t0 f! G. r. v7 nreaches normal, before full throttle is used. Try to plan the end of your journey0 q8 P% T. O2 E" i' E$ L* U, v
sympathetically. Don’t use full throttle or allow the engine to labour during the last
( @5 J: K, t& z) p; S' p8 gfew miles. This will prevent excessive heat build-up within the turbo when the engine. V2 @) l3 i+ a% k* p7 b- q
is turned off. Also, when coming to a standstill, try to leave the engine idling for a
; p5 o9 B4 a8 sfew extra seconds to allow the heat to decrease. No need for a timer though, just undo3 d# }: f4 ]: s; r3 [, C
your seat belt first and then turn off the engine. Never rev the engine just as the/ Z- Y- ^$ @ {4 V, b! ~& p2 L" e
ignition is turned off. Remember the turbo spins at a far greater speed then the
1 @* v { d, s3 j) a7 z* d; K jengine, but is lubricated with engine oil. Once the engine stops the oil supply ceases3 [; D) m7 W6 R$ `$ o
within a few seconds. In reality, none of the above traits will cause a turbocharger to
! T. Y, W- J( Z; D- L4 f# J5 {fail immediately, but repeatedly over a long period, they could reduce the life of your
, X8 G# b7 j: ]7 _; `. I# r# Lturbocharger.
* N3 x, z3 a8 C8 a% W! Z+ |5 ^If it becomes necessary to seek advice about a turbocharger or a turbo related
) ?( e: l7 M# s/ k1 t2 h4 fproblem, always rely on a professional. Berrima Diesel, together with DTS) {/ F3 U5 v: Z
turbochargers, are Australia’s leading turbo specialist, and are acknowledged as one
7 [% X! `0 Y' u% k0 Aof the most experienced turbo installation companies in the world. We can advise
6 `1 o3 e2 A0 S5 ncustomers with turbocharged 4WD’s on a wide variety of questions and issues7 q& n9 B9 w- @# _/ b- d2 [6 d
relating to owning and running a turbo car.7 J+ \7 s" m" H3 B1 Z
It cannot be stressed too much how important it is, when purchasing turbocharger1 T& A, B6 A! |7 Z1 i2 s' ]
system, always to choose the top brand name -Berrima Diesel. Consider this. As with
3 r0 v! p7 T8 nso many things in life, quality costs, and there are sometimes cheaper turbos for sale.5 C3 D7 m- y p( O. S7 \+ U
Without the safeguard of using a Berrima Diesel turbocharger, you run a serious risk
0 p# X; k' \7 t& l- g% ^( vthat your short-term saving may turn out to be a long-term nightmare.9 ?! J+ E6 j w1 H7 K5 N0 F; ]9 r
What is 'Boost'?
c7 U1 o# H' I& N/ N4 j$ O: Z/ BBoost is a term used to describe the increase in pressure, provided by the
T, ?0 j( a8 _( i% \: d# u2 o8 \0 _turbocharger, to the volume of air, entering the engine. This pressure is expressed in6 p9 v g9 C; R- }# ]2 A4 @. J
a number of different units, (BAR, ATM, Kpa, P.S.I.), but they all mean the same
) Q1 Q6 { b# F& a* i9 i) mthing. For purposes of approximate comparison; 1 BAR = 1 ATM = 100 Kpa
" G3 \3 F6 T- R9 M) F! X14.7P.S.1. When the pressure of the engine's inlet air is increased, the engine's power, t# c/ r8 |! l
output is increased. This pressure increase is called 'boost'.3 m7 t$ @6 i. z7 X3 s* e. H
How does fitting a Dynamic Turbosystem effect the power of my+ C6 b; p# m7 ^- [: M8 ~2 q7 B4 S
vehicle?
4 L: s f$ s8 |Modern 4WD diesel engines, typically produce peak torque (pulling power), at
: i/ V; M' x7 ]# Uaround 2,000-2,500 R.P.M. and peak horsepower at around 3,500-4,000 R.P.M.
% l4 B9 [, C9 H+ rTurbo boost starts at approximately 750 R.P.M. and rises progressively to its
9 ~! q0 t5 A. j0 {maximum pressure of approx. 70 Kpa (10 P.S.I.) by approx. 2,000 R.P.M. At this
8 X8 h! g9 P; Y7 P; z. I; i# x& ?point, the percentage torque increase of a correctly tuned installation is approx. 40%,& Y4 \# b3 K. i: A/ ^, z; t
at the wheels. This continues to the peak horsepower point of 3,500-4,000 R.P.M. At
9 K& Q# w" z* ^no point is it ever any less than standard. e.g. at 1500 R.P.M. it is at least 25% greater
8 j& e) F" v3 Q& xthan the standard vehicle at the same R.P.M.
- j* _9 F. ^3 G3 FCan I fit a Dynamic Turbosystem myself and, if not, how long and0 J4 l' p& i) I
what is the cost of having it fitted for me ?" {) e1 }0 x3 N% c7 L
While most competent mechanics could probably fit a Dynamic Turbosystem,) o( t, E! h [, a% ~( H
tuning requires specialised knowledge. The lack of this knowledge could have
' o- X) o1 u: pserious consequences. In addition, warranty can only be provided on Dynamic
B8 s: \ S5 D8 x- {Turbosystems which are installed by authorised facilities.0 g3 A) i) W, b6 {$ V( }- a
The cost of having the installation performed by Andrew at Berrima Diesel is! z& S4 T. E' c3 ?# v+ _
only about 10% of the total purchase price. This provides a warranted, correctly
" v# F/ n* S& U- j* y- Ttuned, "no hassle" installation for the customer. All diesel vehicle installation can be
& `# ]2 r$ J5 z! [% O* N hperformed in one day.' t3 e; ~8 x+ r8 f& _6 m M
What creates the most heat? Fuel or turbo boost?
5 N4 D- z/ l5 kDiesels do not need an air control (eg. manifold butterfly valve. The only ones
R$ I( D6 o5 l# H& hrequiring a butterfly are vacuum operated governor pumps) to operate. The more air
# F6 k p; J' R8 P. h( sthe better. Add too much fuel to the equation and the exhaust gas temperature7 S2 b f; b, N6 Z! a F4 v
rises rapidly.
! t& W( a4 ~6 nWhat type of oil and how often should it be changed ?' v6 D& O: `, q" D5 t" q3 r5 Y* i
Turbos must have good quality oil. Use either a mineral, semi or fully-synthetic) E$ F9 e1 V3 e( n/ @# I" Y, h
engine oil. Berrima Diesel recommends Shell Rimula range or Shell Helix Ultra .
% a3 k% @# ?% v2 T/ ZChange oil at intervals recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.. i" J L9 a9 I+ `5 T$ d9 i
How long does a turbo last ?
# b3 Y/ ^1 G9 D- W9 |. ?6 [3 a% J3 tOn average, as long as the engine or longer with regular engine servicing and good/ m: F. W: V2 }- _# T
quality engine oil.1 H2 ^2 f8 z: e8 M; ~- A- G9 p
What is a ‘dump’ valve or ‘blow-off‘ valve ?( y+ Y- _8 E: c1 P1 Y5 ^
A valve which relieves boost-pressure between the compressor outlet and engine as
" m* y: Z& n/ `7 c; fthe throttle is closed (Only required on throttle valve controlled diesels which are7 |1 E, d; D7 | P4 M+ x$ C
rarely seen these days). These are commonly fitted to hotted up petrol cars so it
6 q; E# I2 R* T5 zsounds good changing gears among other reasons!
. ?8 z: c5 i+ P) FCan I fit a turbo from another 4WD ?8 E1 i# L: r" }! e
No, virtually all turbocharger are different inside, even if they appear similar on the
W, j$ K0 n" j/ J1 aoutside. The turbo model e.g. Mitsubishi TD04, is only the model, not the7 c2 h! K3 A f) V
specification.
@' B. _) _2 b( n; rShould I leave my engine ‘ticking over’ before it is turned off ?
4 O" p, `% D+ ?& \% vNot for normal every day driving, but still worthwhile if the engine has been under4 c/ V8 B. x; z% [0 V) ~0 g
load or raced before being turned off. e.g. Towing a caravan or after climbing a long( N: D4 c- |9 e& z
incline.
" B# w5 ~- |/ ` H4 WWhy is it important to balance a turbocharger ?8 p( j0 Q5 j" X, ~, t3 J* r8 X
Without highly accurate balancing, vibration will create a whining noise, reduce7 s# K$ n2 t+ w. E
turbo bearing life and reduce turbo efficiency.
6 ~, |- i' Q7 ?3 Z% l# O( sHow much boost does my turbo produce?% E6 t2 h5 G) e' F6 y
Correctly set up diesel 4WD turbochargers run up to between 10 PSI to12 PSI with
* p' X* f, ]5 S# P2 }Intercooler turbocharged engines running upwards of 13PSI.
9 d! U$ J& W( [# RHow many psi in one bar ?2 W' G5 r E. @* F- ^' W% z" i. B
14.7 psi = 1 bar.
' Y8 [7 n" s- D3 P; [) d, a& e( rAre all actuators the same ?
( \1 j; e! o; `" ^3 X4 ]# ^+ dNo, each has a different opening pressure and rate.. L$ C3 A$ @# F8 S
Oil in the turbo inlet pipe - Should I be concerned ?# n8 A2 A: @2 j& F( B9 t, S5 l7 g
A small amount of oil usually exists, drawn in from the engine's crankcase breather8 I) |3 @" C2 s# q& B: u
system. High engine wear will increase the amount of oil found, and will require
8 x4 T7 Y: d& f6 y( rfurther engine tests (not turbo)." W8 u- r! |/ O( J$ p
Should a turbo be serviced ?
2 N. e0 i$ C& m% m; ^No specific turbo servicing is required, but regular quality engine servicing is needed/ v( t! g1 W7 Y5 B0 P6 r+ k
to reduce the chance of turbocharger problems.
5 ?; I- T a, f' N0 v% j. [$ hWhat is a water-cooled turbo ?
. n; v6 E2 b4 V+ l# r) P0 Z4 w$ f. FThe central part of the turbo, housing the bearings, is surrounded by a water jacket0 J% h1 c; B- W
through which the engine's water coolant is passed. This water continues to circulate
/ d% P V6 c" O- J; K0 O$ K8 Oafter the engine is turned off, cooling the turbo, and preventing heat soak.
. u9 e2 ?' K4 qDo I need to up grade my exhaust ?" D- E- F( o0 b# @4 H$ J8 L
Generally not. Our systems are designed to run utilising as much genuine component
$ _0 k) f6 w2 F5 _8 X/ J2 @. j5 ~as possible. Some systems on the market promote exhaust change as it is required by
4 E ^7 Z: T. j8 r1 I+ z# X$ rthat particular turbo. Doing so usually picks up more noise than performance.
9 n+ d! Y+ F7 ]/ e ?" DHow noisy should a turbo be ?) j- F" U2 V2 v! K. N) U
Only an unbalanced, worn out or damaged turbo will produce any significant turbo
3 o9 Q0 c) l8 F3 P; tnoise.
- l) P' `# ?. q3 |3 i$ f: }6 ]2 yWhat is an intercooler ?! N; F9 @& p$ w% L$ Y3 u
A special type of radiator which cools air before it enters the engine. As a turbo8 n4 M4 A0 b& X1 k/ D2 M
compresses air, the air heats up. Power can be increased if the air entering the engine
$ P7 [9 a' ?6 I- J7 i1 ]8 J4 H( kis cooler. The cooler air is more dense meaning that more fuel can be injected for
' O$ u+ p5 C" G. ymore power.
+ B, i# c( {2 B* |* t9 U0 [9 RWill my vehicle run ‘cooler’ with an intercooler ?: j# J# f5 e) {* E& Y S- h4 g/ Z
Theoretically, but not always the case! We commonly find Intercooled 4WD vehicles
# K* [ I5 X2 }: ]+ f/ }& q4 Q zrunning hot due to over-fuelling and radiator restriction. Restriction meaning that hot
6 \1 y W+ A: k4 }air passes out of the Intercooler over the air conditioning condenser and finally the
?4 ^2 D* E4 qradiator. The poor old radiator is left with scraps of extremely hot air and then is& V7 A" i/ J. q' V9 A
expected to cool the engine. We don’t advise fitting them as hot Australian conditions$ e; F. ^; S. X1 h8 C4 ~, b7 e
can often be the catalyst for engine heat problems.
8 H0 `$ ^; E& k* P: A/ e1 SWhat will happen to my fuel consumption?
& ^9 V! {. y4 J2 O8 X1 uMore power generally means more fuel. With a diesel turbo system, fuel consumption
; U, N) d* \3 T4 `5 J0 m. Rstays generally the same and can become better under towing conditions |
|
楼主: 晓风残月
狗仔卡
发表于 2008-7-10 11:10
显身卡
... 
发表于 2008-7-11 09:19
