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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 - F( J" H- E, g2 L: B
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688: u0 v/ H" S. z# Q* ~/ D( Z
( ~9 f/ b0 I+ h/ c+ z* I) bJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China3 `9 y/ p& O- ^; L* [ M5 I% L
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
/ W- W) ?1 l6 \1 e8 l4 B0 HFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.% r* H1 s1 |8 w; r( m8 h
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ t2 A4 D/ M4 a+ d5 | d: @; I
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.; @8 i9 N* H1 f: m
2 A! w2 _. k G+ C- I3 rSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
+ X V% U C* m; i. MReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
# T( `; [" T. a4 fPublished online 26 January 2018% E# ?7 {. z% R
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Abstract
0 j5 D8 A+ E a$ \ U* g/ D7 @John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
8 a4 B* [. r9 I, I- `* E, W0 |Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
( h7 w a+ d, I7 j& wTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
' e; r/ S- N3 Q9 r- cengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
' T. f2 o. }; j, Y p4 }( @only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
/ _3 t0 k" B% _& L0 { f% z3 nworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
9 g+ A6 u$ W/ ~+ j0 h+ A: ]2 ?$ _to the standardization of the scientific terminology+ D" q* B. a* m5 u7 E3 Y
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
' _4 t+ d9 G w- X( Gscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
' K6 Z; c8 v9 v% \: R2 [7 qand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
$ m x1 X) d& T+ z' A3 Xstandardization of the scientific terminology translation5 d7 Q5 I( `. o4 h8 d! [! x
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien/ f: i" V3 ?+ ~3 e
he established had helped greatly with the popularization+ p* {2 }: F9 a
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
, U6 s. B6 _' m) Z, Y3 F, jthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way$ e% {. {6 @0 Y9 J/ ?! j4 m5 X
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
( B0 J/ R1 C1 q3 {that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a1 s* J) D% Z- I+ `& e
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific3 A& {) N i; T
terminology.( N+ D$ e" A8 D: @0 ]
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
6 k- m0 k( t( {$ ^ NStandardization of terminology translation
6 _8 Q: o; o, I; ?4 R0 @Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
& ] o1 R" L# N2 `3 F; \+ kStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
% V+ T- Q! {8 n' o$ G4 f2 R gChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
5 X) y3 }1 I& |# w3 ~/ M9 y$ _" gfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213' G- n6 x5 X K; C4 p- F& V% I5 U' V
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213) b% f) q( D/ `
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INTRODUCTION
" R+ O9 @! |1 {7 F( S' s* K2 mJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
; n9 `3 ]4 R$ T2 t7 g) Xa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).# W4 E9 E# I' r7 A
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
! r5 u' q7 d$ @1 C8 nHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of# s! W& ^4 V4 h% R$ |1 |
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
; G5 |5 e: [/ e- l+ }: z) [by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
2 @: D) ^, r5 H5 `5 han editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on8 P3 Q% f1 _2 l+ S% d
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
/ T8 w3 ^) ^/ K3 p1 Q+ M1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
/ `/ d: X* p& N" Wworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
2 ^5 o% x9 W+ M3 i' \Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction." K9 T6 }' o' q! n1 b$ p
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated7 s9 d3 G- D, P2 O- f9 L# s7 F' s
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
& E7 u$ Z0 g; S/ n8 [7 xwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,$ o3 b/ w" E# F9 Z' i6 t
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,1 y# E8 O3 z, [( v/ i
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western7 }' ]: Q; r7 w8 L; I! m+ V: A! W
books that made him the most productive one among the9 I; n8 L; X1 U, A
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,- Q% Q- p2 G: t8 ~
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
1 }8 E; b0 ?1 G, {5 Q! L( dnoble work which could help accelerate the process of0 H0 X# h/ ^ R6 A6 p$ U) H
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
{" [1 U: ^7 A9 rIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
1 H, r% \. g5 U. ~: Nalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western4 Y$ A9 ^5 h) S5 |( ?
science and the standardization of translated scientific
7 K! r1 W0 h: f; oterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific/ {( | `5 O, k ~" [
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the- q. ?% z! ^1 W3 I
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
! {1 u" S0 u- R. y7 }. n, Qcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series+ d4 h7 q( E/ B$ i
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in) N5 n: {; V k; b
Modern China./ M9 l0 Q5 p' I+ ^1 A
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published7 f' g1 K/ |" ~! ]6 e5 f
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
T% |4 ?: N, q: itravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
, A. p( |: w( \" J( Ka lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
- u1 v" k. d; S& AJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and: E$ S X( y. ^, J5 z2 ]
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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