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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 : B: v. J* s/ }: | B& A' [4 C
, t5 P/ p+ d7 d! _9 B1 P: |8 `http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China4 s a" {0 h) y' q! D
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of' f" z6 X& k. D$ v9 g3 o8 O
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
4 c. [0 T3 K' m" S. [5 v- d: L, M. Q1 a; T; X
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
/ \( p- q( ?7 |% J& M/ SFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.& ~5 f# t9 F: X, ?3 L9 H; w- o$ @' f
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .% U- f' g# q& \( F* n/ s
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20180 \9 E+ c8 v* ~; [$ R
Published online 26 January 2018! C- J' n$ |0 M+ H9 Z8 ?4 `5 j% c9 ?
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Abstract
4 g% Z% e% W9 Z' d4 N I4 s2 RJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing d: E1 W; R6 ~3 ?4 p8 D1 @
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
5 b8 o8 Y* ?4 b' gTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
) {4 s) }( n9 ^; C( f: \engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not1 p# Y& L4 A+ M
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
% U# N5 `: O6 kworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly2 _7 C- M% v, G) ^: S9 e
to the standardization of the scientific terminology6 F% v5 b1 b9 f& b2 L- C
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
, ~1 @, d+ j) S$ ] f# Gscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,0 L6 |, `7 k8 k* Q3 Z G/ ~
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
+ {4 V, V. H- V# {% [standardization of the scientific terminology translation) h7 s$ A& F( K9 V c5 Y
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien/ u; h1 o( U7 `8 l; i, c, s* G! e% |
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
0 T7 K+ b! q5 z6 ^( y/ Fof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring5 k& {3 @2 u+ u; N- f
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
) m3 c: X* j$ _3 u) B7 E5 K/ pfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
$ x4 T/ [, }9 M* r$ f3 Athat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
: d$ j6 c0 }# `3 m' `. rgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
- X. R) q: y2 `! Jterminology.
6 L* d# {5 B0 V4 F# l4 N5 a/ \6 c' EKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
" G4 y; U0 Z( `* w k5 ?Standardization of terminology translation
1 s' o) o8 S- M7 SYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to. @( V9 O! v( U7 U
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
# A \% L9 m% V, H% b- S+ l! CChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available1 F. D& Q/ {% A& q0 i I0 F- S z G
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
) B( h/ Z: o2 N# ^0 p8 Y( o/ g! UDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
2 l* Q7 d% X& q& } mJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
( ^! I7 m/ m9 `4 Da great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
/ D* C3 v% k; \9 F ]2 } LDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to# R- E; B7 c4 t4 k+ ^" X4 J
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
" X* E; r# ], L+ T/ hSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed3 F3 O; [& `& h8 L2 Q
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as5 e' O9 E" X H* a" q: [
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
. L2 F% E9 L/ T, S; rhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-) K+ ]% z) U/ Q4 G9 u. W
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
/ h2 W9 m1 c. s5 X( p3 s6 {, Mworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
, A' _2 Y( F( e. V/ W% A6 bFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.* R; u8 _; h( ` z9 D! x
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
" P/ x' T* e9 S) s; Yto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
* E" |7 z& K4 r: Y2 @4 C2 p- Ewould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,4 |4 {5 i& f$ J$ h/ f
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
- U: Y8 g$ R+ R% rFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
. `# o3 o* w0 C: f! q" w2 {books that made him the most productive one among the
) r" X/ P: l4 y% mforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
( A# p* d; W3 i/ h0 k+ Ptranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a7 B$ I+ x, B; ~& ~ Y# u
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
4 L& q4 R* ]2 O4 h5 O. R7 Speople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83). k/ E7 C3 x- S. T2 t: Z9 d" t0 {
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer. @. p- b( q7 A6 ?1 D
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
) Q N) ~( ~7 ~1 Z' q1 Fscience and the standardization of translated scientific% s, @/ K. P( M+ g8 c$ O4 S9 G
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific# K' S" `" a# ], Z' f
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the+ y: S% s" t& } L! }* C9 c) J1 i
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another" Y6 s- Y3 y$ `$ J
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series; v# @0 h! V+ W# U/ d
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
% r' @+ @0 r! l* }& dModern China.
. d: H) ]$ n& j+ n* QAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
- E$ |3 D1 Y% ?/ F% g1 yThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of2 l2 _9 |; [( Z) W
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing/ K# t/ M* r! }+ Y7 E
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In4 B, Y2 a$ @0 J4 c7 g" P& u, r% E
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
- q9 S1 L4 A- o. q8 w) Z$ |Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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