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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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5 e _! i9 b2 B: U' Q9 K2 B- @" nhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688' @* o/ y% a+ G2 s
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China; r2 d, U% c8 V% V$ f
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
% \5 T/ R" c% y% k/ d4 H- _: [Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.# Y9 I) y: u7 k5 Q3 x
4 ]7 G0 R+ g e% i+ s x
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 v# t" C. @( |/ W9 ~4 l5 I+ s+ U5 b
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.# X4 ^) `+ c: H: `% F* w, l
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
& L9 \- H2 ^" J2 r2 c5 M% W. J: kReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018; T7 d* V/ ]: K7 |7 b0 v- _
Published online 26 January 2018
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John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
9 b; }( b2 C! k) @Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The6 Y. s, `, Y% F; \ G
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
# ?- O8 {2 y$ Z2 R4 Wengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
7 g' q. f: q( y: D9 W* {2 sonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific$ J, T+ K& d2 z8 o, n4 { K
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly1 }+ t/ D2 J( ^/ E0 o/ o
to the standardization of the scientific terminology2 e" D2 {/ ]; U- P, s
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
8 p" l5 z1 r1 v' G7 w. @scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
* u( M& n/ o! G! aand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
3 |- S! {2 t$ p0 tstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
3 p: X! j T( q6 Y7 m1 lin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
8 Y! M7 r) s: [& c+ L, {he established had helped greatly with the popularization$ s7 k# }. H+ r ~4 E% J
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring. v; B3 k2 u- C/ p
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
Z- K0 {* r d0 a3 Yfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
) F! t& Q \; \+ S" \' cthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a; @8 W. u, D' _) D0 k$ J3 h
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
$ p$ f* d J, m3 Z+ ^( o& Gterminology.# F3 C% J) C ]
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;0 v+ b% k, L$ z# o
Standardization of terminology translation, L2 k: N2 l. k7 z1 Y& ^1 j
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
( l0 z0 N/ z. I4 C. jStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
" E) P- q/ L% H5 Y S) ^China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available! S& S2 \7 N6 r& R8 @
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
$ I# d$ O+ ^% w! ^" YDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102130 N- @% \9 ? [7 U" |, o" g
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INTRODUCTION5 M5 z0 M7 d! R, R' g' O! I
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
& x9 @( @! m3 w9 Y7 {2 i8 ]a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).! r1 t( q. r! ~9 ~: B8 ]
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to7 x7 | }- `7 m! g1 q- M
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of* Q9 E# w1 M9 p; n
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
}7 A: S$ Y- B) R D% uby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
5 S: O) O# z1 H: ^* ean editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on8 `# v- Q' M4 V0 Z6 ~
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
9 ]. l7 F, i0 N, h6 \& z& J1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
" ]4 v% C) m; `) N7 t( _works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
+ B8 ?: F2 [4 qFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
# `" S/ i% V! s$ A! @Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
4 u6 V6 `+ R. m! a- yto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant: S3 Q M. X' k3 i
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,& j" u3 S1 s c v W" }
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
2 s4 C8 K( B, c+ ]' i7 ~- J, }, z% }Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
% u5 |3 B& ?6 g S, jbooks that made him the most productive one among the
, v# n' |$ Z( E" V6 p' @2 \foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
: S- U1 D, c0 a) q; L Ntranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a# O0 ~) m/ e1 ^, R$ b/ O: `
noble work which could help accelerate the process of+ Z, ]( Y3 m3 s: ~0 @8 A
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
' }$ c) F4 n* JIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
S" ~7 r4 C o) x# F0 A/ _2 Z) o2 halso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western) K& J4 F: F$ V, x4 h
science and the standardization of translated scientific
- k6 y% k$ p1 O3 t% Mterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
7 e: ^: s" t0 ?$ e* ^8 W+ ^magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the/ W. ?3 t; O- U
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another2 B [6 K5 q3 r
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
- y! Y8 z" X7 x. m; F1 ]7 Eof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
7 ^- [: r/ @0 IModern China.
) N% r0 r# p- [. J6 M* JAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
$ R$ f' y! N/ j/ u) \+ [5 tThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of6 ~- v3 `( l6 w Q% _6 s
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing5 S3 c& g) m. x% ?; J
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In. T$ o1 [. u# r* J1 O
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
, }; }9 L/ S. d% h" R( v1 k1 VTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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