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How to figure a home's fundamental value3 Q! ]; L- t4 [3 q6 p$ d! n- v+ Q
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.+ z0 t. }; L+ Y0 `4 s- [7 J
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.: }; ~; g/ M% v! Q0 z
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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. C& m% \0 A5 V% A6 R" bTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:' v' g( k4 S6 s( T9 X
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.: L5 Z- F! [) ]1 F* y% }; V2 m% a0 F8 ?) ]
$ S$ P: R ^/ _4 \) z8 i9 eSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
' ^- e7 z% B3 ^6 P3 F* [" KSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.' h" W" F. A* _( ?1 |2 e/ W
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.8 y) m# X3 F8 a% E) N" L. N
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. * s# t: i4 q5 j. F
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.$ P( t! i" P* N* y% p5 S9 x0 r
/ v* U+ E0 |% }If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2 8 l4 E2 G$ h$ D$ ^+ `
San Diego 22.8 29.7
: X' s# J- h$ QSan Francisco 23.8 27.2 * U, H7 ]% z# Q& X& S2 z
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6
& s# \' r+ |$ i5 n( L2 }5 hSeattle 20.4 25 # `7 m& }) c7 t5 N- p5 R7 r$ Z0 E
Denver 17.7 23.7 ( m1 |) n/ r% ~2 t: S: Y
New York 21.2 22.5 # p2 T$ Z* @' `8 V; i' C/ w
Chicago 17.2 20.8 ) o4 d* x# |+ v5 E( L9 d
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 : p& j1 F+ Z4 L$ J; n2 h/ l7 X$ N' y L
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.7 }/ z8 ~0 m4 I3 \& P+ g) o, c
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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