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谈英语俚语 ?: D& L( ~; ?
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/ N7 T l/ B5 D' k) D9 C* ?在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
4 S; P3 T7 g0 C2 }# C6 Z之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
; f; |9 O; T6 v, N9 d若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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# }" g% s0 }7 v ^' J/ q1 T }(1) empty suit:1 H, Q/ [+ K. E" Z Z
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。2 k8 Z9 p4 T2 e: Y! ?7 m
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
8 t2 G0 W( l* h0 g; ?4 T3 a' E例如:
8 p$ Y: @ z( H% ^7 zAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
7 A- X E% A( I" R }(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)$ S9 }* I& ~ S* W6 K6 r! v
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
& @, R+ S, u8 ?: k. L* C4 H(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。). y. D( k; t+ h7 c e
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
0 a. h+ E$ ?) a! Q1 ^1 xThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.) ~4 a6 D& n# w- ^0 ^' R" c
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
9 C" _5 q* O/ A" F6 [(2) fair-haired boy:
1 T$ t$ R/ F6 G: n! w& T6 j指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)2 X! ]0 ]* j/ P/ O
(通常用单数,当名词用)
u4 l+ J2 M% i- j: q例如:
- q4 Z9 Z! @6 M) C2 f6 j4 K5 G$ v; UMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.' C# e* t* w4 j6 e- ^; a; Z
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)5 b9 A6 z* x {. ?# C
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.4 w5 P8 Y$ |( g* h' H% R
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。). b8 c: Y2 y9 M" u
有时也可用复数:
2 x1 s: }$ h! G3 d) B: ^8 V" e! O4 iMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet. n9 h4 M- E0 ^) s
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
* E8 o' _; {6 _2 j, T5 FFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
" W% N1 A$ o5 k" F) G+ E(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)0 o6 u. O% o3 o: E
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)+ E8 T# B# z% o. T
(3) fishing expedition:% e* Z* p; d$ w% H0 J
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)5 H4 i* U% |3 w7 J0 H; P, n1 k
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
* d9 P" k# p ~/ T9 N* }. ]+ X% u例如:; r. ]$ T( M. j/ u
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
! R) |2 b/ v8 j4 k(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
[4 l( i2 ? T6 U4 VThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.- @+ V+ f1 S; U6 K( o2 Y+ L0 `
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)! w% G5 R) y0 P. X
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)) X4 X( F, |5 w6 M% V0 N
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.9 u. i1 U$ e! z9 [/ o
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
6 k( V8 S T* p% y0 I偶尔也有人用复数:# Q& w( J A* l* s# ] i- l8 H" Y
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
8 i3 v& F$ y% x1 t, b(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)( F- w6 o' @7 \+ O- Z( q9 B' g V
(4) filthy rich:: M) F' }* T1 _& m$ O
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)0 s. U2 V7 c3 \: u& T
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)0 \) S$ e' \6 h* v: r
多半当形容词用。例如:! b* p4 T5 |% K8 F: k% h6 @
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
7 o& e+ f4 J3 Q9 n( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)0 D* [4 ?- D% u! ^
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
2 V% O& T0 d- F4 l' W(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)/ a. x6 |7 C9 r
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
- b1 q; m6 ?/ ~/ C0 h(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
& {6 G8 F7 X! v: F1 y+ bFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.; I. }) e& t8 E
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)$ d# Y& k% l: q5 x) C5 q7 E
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法), R+ N% D+ H [ k
(5) fairy godmother:4 V x9 F2 r' l3 o, e8 B
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)' Q9 t6 X/ s1 x" q4 L4 \: D" p: Z
(多半指有钱的女人)$ p6 \4 x7 C0 y- `
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
0 H y0 i. \) A* W( J* lMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.! D( R. A8 `, ~$ R* t
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)/ e0 d' c( T4 A6 F; K) W9 ^
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
|6 Y* L! q1 w. h+ S(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
3 \# P: p( e) o$ B& c- a" T有时也用复数:
; v( b. U2 T5 V! A# lOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.. n- H! D/ t& m' I/ U2 p
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
# z8 g$ a$ \! n: x& C- rIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.; O$ L3 w+ O: K% b4 X9 v
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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5 c' _& d$ B7 n4 s# `6)eye opener:
i2 Y: Q. K3 A1 N l' u指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)* {, B: {2 R0 ?) b) ~$ n
(当名词用;通常只用单数). R7 h; @" {$ } J H t4 [
例如:
% h' ?" f, P# q3 S8 u* d% P1 H- y; RYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
9 b9 z, [2 }+ f7 x/ c(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)9 C6 L2 ~! h7 J4 T* A8 f. b6 ]
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.& u! ]4 @% p* G% y5 v$ @
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)& [1 Q* e$ m" l& y& Y; l/ b" e
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.+ ?: l7 a& _( O6 i8 |& R1 J
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
$ H9 L4 [) @$ v" ^9 ?+ S6 g) WSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
. S$ O3 n% J# w4 B3 u) Z(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
. n. U" h7 F3 c# N9 m3 k(7) hot dog:0 m8 P: u. R' B* _! p
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)- Q' a7 P8 D4 b* B$ m4 Z
例如:8 P) Z0 J3 j( ?
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.* V0 W( _0 ^/ {3 {7 b) m( K
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
9 W/ u4 `! @0 ]$ ~(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
# e! C8 o. C8 [# X) Z' T; pIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.+ x$ _# p( @# S2 V: ^
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)" M0 y8 K; i [
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
( @1 q" l& B5 [% v; fDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.* k$ M: b ?3 n3 J. @% H5 \
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)5 `' Q/ `3 O- m# z4 n& C5 ?
也指真正的热狗食物:
/ e1 q6 F- k$ FThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
Z5 H7 }* p) N( n(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
+ R; |3 d# K, `- O& Y% k; F& k也可表达欣赏的心情:4 }! e* h3 ?5 X% a, a) K0 T
Hot dog ! What great news for me.0 k' ] M7 v9 S0 t& _" k0 d
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
4 N5 o# B! W+ g* D(8)eager beaver:
7 j/ S: {# ~* H7 |& P# k6 v8 ~指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
; i( v) U& t4 n4 y6 k(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)6 t" K) @ }& ^' ^
(当名词用,可指男女)4 _9 Q z& _& [* A8 [3 h
例如:
$ l- J7 T0 t. v+ j. Q D- {! `John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
2 ^$ @* i3 e1 b# A9 F& b(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)% ] v1 Z" j9 {0 i! L4 u9 H: W1 \/ Q
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.8 Z ^6 \0 h- n. W& t& j
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)( n" Z! \% p# }
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver? k1 x- z: m7 r I* S
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)* o9 _6 [' Q Z ^
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations." ]: o7 ~3 @; a) c( ^% t
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
7 _( ~! J. T; J(9)doubting Thomas:# V- A6 ^" I8 z; y
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
8 @6 t, W5 z, i( g+ U% j(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
- w& Y, v1 Q8 X(当名词用)
& f% t: [1 C$ k1 E. M: ^例如:: S% g' e; T9 ?' {& S: G* U+ b4 O7 U6 N1 X
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
+ J; Y( b6 s% \0 w# c2 h( Y(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)7 u) o. j/ |% ~( g# Z
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.0 [: D1 Q1 u! [
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
' r3 K$ |, G1 o1 G' o也可用复数:0 `- z& c f0 X$ B9 J
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
7 t3 L# v3 h5 U4 D9 ~; w0 W b3 e(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
, G5 ^) x# F. E4 L8 GIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.# Z! \2 g& g, X( u5 h6 @
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
2 e: }& q" ?4 B. E4 c" E2 r(10)dragon lady:" e- |4 O: }/ x6 j
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)1 o4 N, K* M1 t- _% a. G0 W
例如:; d Z, f* q+ F7 n' A B
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
- @3 V7 Q0 e" B4 q+ M, u* K% j; x(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
$ D2 Y8 j* q5 F, b# H. d8 R1 vI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
9 g" c$ A g9 K(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)9 B( P4 C% G" \8 q0 a
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?; S- D0 B1 n8 T* g
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)7 w3 t- F3 c9 W; j" Z5 ` ~! F: K
也可用复数:1 v5 w& P7 C2 N' o5 F
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.0 L& X( Z7 l; f8 R: a
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)5 z" V2 }5 c( u! q
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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