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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯. e# a+ x% ?* s! B7 ?; V" v, q5 s
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
1 I" B& y' D) x/ q) H若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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% |$ W5 p5 ~/ f(1) empty suit:
/ ?. B7 F, h( }% k! I指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。. q9 d1 P$ l1 V: ~1 W, c
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)4 I9 D4 ~% n d, C7 H: v) _
例如:
9 |4 Q3 c" ^% m' y: i" l5 F4 ]An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.3 Z" O# K1 J+ A: X
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)9 L' s9 ]& v- M0 [3 A
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
: v. U( A$ n* X1 ^" M(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
, w& K( V0 J8 w$ e虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:3 N8 s+ [8 i# {/ O6 W
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.( X3 y5 h" V- k( l r" M! _
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
% C- ], ]5 k' d9 n7 Y$ z; s- m0 M, X2 Q( g(2) fair-haired boy:
F: e% w, K' g$ e' Q指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
2 ?4 w8 Y, Y$ j+ F: b# D3 P3 O( D(通常用单数,当名词用) M5 g8 j3 I3 B* F1 y0 s
例如:
. x7 c7 ^$ k( y! |$ Z0 }Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
4 ]2 m6 k0 h( r1 R% N6 k( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
1 J1 E* Z6 _) G8 B. @ ~& RNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.' F: p3 @8 Z( ] Y; U
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)! N( ?6 r7 m3 j4 h( P
有时也可用复数:
- `; j6 g9 k1 Y* p$ L5 W1 ^1 G# KMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.8 d% t2 w5 O3 d* U" u! z
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)+ }/ v9 b/ ]' v% g
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.6 d. c j4 u# j
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)6 D1 g5 y% K( q3 m4 B
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)4 o6 d3 j, R. Z: y$ z. \2 c( L t
(3) fishing expedition:/ k2 M$ s7 x9 _
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
( t% W2 _, v L% J(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)& C0 r$ t! N/ L% x% p% u& O1 F
例如:5 Z' a+ s) `1 i
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.: t/ J% ^" `. C4 L
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)1 o; \1 z8 T* ?
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.4 [3 S" [6 k6 y9 ^, y3 a
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
+ N: T: D3 a# k% Q A S(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)' ?) e( a* z- d' |" `8 B* z! G
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.5 c7 I9 \# [! Q
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
" X3 d0 w- @" ]2 M Q- b偶尔也有人用复数:; D# C$ \, z0 q+ W& o, {( j: Q
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office./ N1 L' J' h" p3 W C! E
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
& ^! [1 A# x7 @- M% d1 U7 U7 M(4) filthy rich:
' c o' [* t( l5 y0 a! J6 `7 J; y意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)+ z n( r. L2 H
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
+ r2 g: r6 ?- z- o" F多半当形容词用。例如:
( n2 @/ K. U& xWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich., E3 b! n: T, J! Q2 s3 z8 \8 ]
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
2 Y! a$ O1 [' ?" [Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way." x7 C: o' s/ v/ d$ y
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
1 n; J5 j3 Y& _# P RA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.$ \9 Q1 l. g; g* S3 l0 q& |. c
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。) w+ ?; E" x3 n
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
5 W( y$ F8 d7 e/ y7 G6 t% \) s- L(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)6 M+ Q1 G4 h* f& Q8 P8 v
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)' a" s; n+ s& r4 }
(5) fairy godmother:
2 ^ n* L0 v" G* I& y4 I8 }4 s指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
: b" z5 p3 V8 w, M. x(多半指有钱的女人) ?3 ~: A2 [, ~. h
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
! u' V8 }) {% X7 i2 z7 D* R9 z0 qMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
! x2 N1 [. ` x- w: }/ S4 l8 f(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
5 V" v2 p) V9 s# ~ V) PAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
& v( q8 P+ f/ l# s- Z/ s- M(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
6 _( _9 M5 D, p; R4 h有时也用复数:
8 S1 }) p4 ^: w* ^9 u9 _+ a G( }1 cOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.# @4 m/ D( ?& z
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)8 P; L* O$ `" p4 M
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
. L9 D+ k/ G0 ]$ Z$ X; B(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)" {% m% `8 s6 y! B! ~" t$ T6 @$ w7 _
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4 W, v* n) _$ I0 U6)eye opener:2 N7 i, T& h7 |9 z. ] F. M
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)1 \! _8 o7 g: }% R- k
(当名词用;通常只用单数)' b. ` a+ J, ?* d5 H E: ~
例如:
9 w! d9 }6 m. q! h7 nYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.6 M9 F% X+ l; n7 }& u( i# x/ r
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)0 [% M" u: K( B- U3 P' [
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.' Y, m) U" G. e
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
( }+ v) i) a8 S* M* g5 S: ~' PThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.) Z4 D7 ?3 Y7 x9 `+ m" |8 W
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)+ Y1 i1 O8 f2 W: U y1 ]0 {
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
) M3 J0 K* J1 ~8 l(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)/ y7 J' Q, c* w! _. {) b
(7) hot dog:; I ? O K. t7 R
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)7 G$ Y& i. I8 _- O
例如:8 h5 k. I2 B2 u5 a% _3 b0 B# `
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.8 l0 u w5 V7 r- @: T
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
0 z- v, p: S. N$ k. m2 _7 T) `(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers). f. d7 u& }& o. H1 c
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.: [9 z* k* ]% Q+ u
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)- M- z, y; K2 a5 k/ F
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)" K" \) u( [- h7 m% q( w+ I+ V! T
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.- E0 v2 n% f9 r. E- K
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)) k* `6 o) v8 g6 @0 v& W- y9 n
也指真正的热狗食物:
! Z) B3 J5 v9 oThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
, J! ~8 P# y* ?9 n* [(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)* h, T8 \2 m" j
也可表达欣赏的心情:" g; \5 {" s, _ r
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
3 F- o% v5 |8 j9 t: }(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)0 j- U0 m0 E# k( m/ ]
(8)eager beaver:9 C f( c% z( c7 f! R3 @
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
+ y" F6 c1 O; j; u1 _/ c(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
# J6 _+ S1 ^4 n+ i" Z6 }(当名词用,可指男女); }/ D, h4 j9 h6 L7 J! N m
例如:/ G+ S0 ^4 B+ {; t' i- ~
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.' L+ j" P6 A% ~8 ~5 ]. c: X" [
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
$ T( F, V% S# A! R0 XBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.5 J' a; O K5 c: U2 B2 C; G6 }6 }' v
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
+ M- T4 f8 C6 ?- j+ ^5 @Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?7 h# `$ Z( I7 I! K
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)- D5 Y3 Y' i( [, P( R6 I% D
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.' h: X8 v" ?; X( B, ~ ]" l! f& g v
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
9 f9 m' o7 E& H* k) Z(9)doubting Thomas:& ?! S1 n( ~/ t$ u4 [& s
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
# g8 _# V& q. g, T+ v(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
6 L6 B( Q# K% W6 W% Z(当名词用)
/ P; r# W) T k4 C! w例如:, F- v3 m9 U, q
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.) b7 r1 ]. E0 Q' B( R
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)! m: ?" g+ `5 N& j& w, ^3 S1 a
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.: K) G( u+ A4 R& a; D# x6 r# g
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)5 c+ V8 K# [$ B" E
也可用复数:
5 z3 e3 d$ o0 _4 g$ z# KMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
' r% }6 c( m+ S(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
/ }$ R4 Z9 E8 RIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.# |- M' U; t+ R' f0 I* ^8 u. x
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)0 z6 ^2 h8 d! S/ ]0 s( p3 ^5 i
(10)dragon lady:7 @% Q; x- k, _. a
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
- O! ^ _9 I& s2 T5 d8 C例如:1 W2 D6 @+ O3 i8 k9 `4 C
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
7 j' ]. t/ l3 o(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
$ }: Y; ~; `/ `5 V$ i# ^; @6 [I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady." H7 `0 }1 i7 N2 Y: ~* c
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)6 h: g- c! W4 Q7 L+ K
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?9 K% T; B4 A/ t! V3 L
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)+ \* ?/ K- r0 m- o/ W
也可用复数:
7 w U: c% P+ _3 V+ G1 H( S" @) aThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
+ }' U+ `$ [. S, z(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。). Q9 k; B! p- n7 S5 {# Q' p$ c
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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