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Accounting system 会计系统
" x3 k4 \' K& w9 W: iAmerican Accounting Association 美国会计协会 " W9 P+ a3 r ?1 Z
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 7 S0 C/ X5 N/ g2 S N* j4 O3 i* W
Audit 审计
1 y& _. O1 b' y; ]. p' X) VBalance sheet 资产负债表
3 f! d! t' e) b3 ?) |, yBookkeepking 簿记
6 t: z" w+ A/ L6 D0 T' `! @4 [" @Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测
. x1 `& ^, H% J+ W3 f$ K# e' TCertificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书 5 u% L" o. t3 V0 u
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 1 P' r0 Y7 _6 Q, A5 j4 ^
Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师 ! j7 ~, K* [' ~6 x( X7 F
Cost accounting 成本会计 2 `, R' [$ _" g: k! S8 {; y! u
External users 外部使用者 ! ?6 a+ I2 b; ?' y
Financial accounting 财务会计 3 T1 ?- K: w+ k. B" t A1 f+ m
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 % p3 H# m/ u! _& o' {, S; W
Financial forecast 财务预测
5 A) o) p5 B- U, e4 M1 N- D. vGenerally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
$ V5 D5 v5 n& ^5 tGeneral-purpose information 通用目的信息
* ?" k! p+ f* p5 T" CGovernment Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
" q r% d% f* N( dIncome statement 损益表
c. v0 S3 y/ g3 r- \2 XInstitute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
# O- t$ o; T+ C6 Q5 A5 }7 `* AInstitute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 5 d J+ ~( E+ L' o- l* O
Integrity 整合性 9 \' @5 D8 ~% p6 _* S' ]
Internal auditing 内部审计 - o, G6 _/ i6 s
Internal control structure 内部控制结构 & Q; { l+ Y0 J
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
- ^6 G9 j3 J2 r# h6 h8 t- D8 `Internal users 内部使用者 3 w9 i1 I( N+ E' \" C5 W: J
Management accounting 管理会计 + F9 Q$ T! J) d
Return of investment 投资回报 + |/ P6 [# V- b: K ^1 H+ ~
Return on investment 投资报酬 / k3 U+ t9 b2 z$ Z% m2 r& G
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
0 w" \) Z) q# g5 i; xStatement of cash flow 现金流量表
% f5 Q* j! h# N5 S- P a. `Statement of financial position 财务状况表 5 E$ O0 V5 V" E0 {: f$ [# ^5 ?
Tax accounting 税务会计 R7 ]- @( R6 k
Accounting equation 会计等式
, r* J$ H7 l- X1 v. H6 rArticulation 勾稽关系 4 O7 }( R* G8 m! D. Y8 _- a
Assets 资产
2 u( M% U. n# Y& Z8 nBusiness entity 企业个体 5 O$ _' z" _! `; b; O
Capital stock 股本 5 b# [- s; _! D0 ^3 m) P, _
Corporation 公司
' x. K. U4 J' C) ?2 Q+ ?& kCost principle 成本原则 # [1 k( O$ c+ n- `3 L4 Z& K8 y, ~
Creditor 债权人 $ E4 A" U( r$ w" A
Deflation 通货紧缩 2 _/ @3 \, n1 ^# Y5 z8 S5 |; f
Disclosure 批露
* c P% q0 c" I. `) V! vExpenses 费用 0 N- S& t# o# i8 {- L; O
Financial statement 财务报表 1 U' R& Y; V: e4 _7 L
Financial activities 筹资活动
# Q% T k) a$ CGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设 . o$ c# t" O# _- Z6 K9 N9 g" m& B0 j. c
Inflation 通货膨涨
, k0 c5 z' l4 r; r( W; Q6 Z3 sInvesting activities 投资活动
* r+ G7 I3 z6 ^. D4 ELiabilities 负债 - T3 N# l, Y( @7 d) c
Negative cash flow 负现金流量 # z& s9 D6 c1 x
Operating activities 经营活动 - Q9 z5 y0 j) _+ r
Owner's equity 所有者权益
% A' A g# P, g2 yPartnership 合伙企业 * g' O w* n0 S5 D2 ~
Positive cash flow 正现金流量
# V7 ?2 o; `) zRetained earning 留存利润 ( g8 M" X3 n* s0 I y7 x
Revenue 收入
) }9 t) O5 L3 i9 zSole proprietorship 独资企业 9 w9 R* ?6 B) h7 B0 I
Solvency 清偿能力
1 M7 l, t, l: S$ r8 J7 K6 PStable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设 : H7 m5 y. s, [' U H, H' R
Stockholders 股东 1 k7 B7 `9 A, {- b! N# i
Stockholders' equity 股东权益 ! O0 k) X5 u& A4 W# b5 A, g
Window dressing 门面粉饰 2 E5 A: c3 n: i" r; ~" q, u
Account 帐户
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|; j9 U* F9 `% U7 r主营业务收入 Sales
# U9 X j$ U' {, D) G( A折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance 7 n2 w1 s3 D+ y9 y) A/ U
3 \3 U3 _, Z0 S4 _0 @& }& U: `产品销售收入净额 NET SALES 7 ~% ?# V, N! h* v' E0 f
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主营业务成本 Cost of sales & s G. J5 ^; H. o7 q& c3 q! z2 g
主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax
2 x" y) u) M, v( c
- L( V2 j; Y9 |0 n% q7 D k主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT
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其他业务利润 Other operating profit - F# S9 b( ]5 [- U$ y* B
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营业费用 Operating expenses % f F$ ~2 i0 e: x
管理费用 General and administrative expenses ) u0 ?5 @ l% |( H% ]( K' R: u& K
财务费用 Financial expenses 7 l% {1 Y+ ~- ^# f# H {, V5 q
存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks ~) m o Z" l4 X9 I: S" o( V
' ?% u) d. s: Y* U营业利润 OPERATING INCOME 5 D( D. f; F# w! @( w
; {2 H3 |0 w3 `( S3 k; W
投资收益 Investment income
% Y3 d* Q4 L( j: F% U- [补贴收入 Subsidy income / v9 _, ~# z6 V. ~ C
营业外收入 Non-operating income : S" j" \3 l0 ?
营业外支出 Non-operating expenses
8 s2 I; y) j! T2 T6 Z0 ~9 E以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR
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所得税 Income tax
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: W9 V. e8 z1 p* O2 ~- s: m本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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