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英文写作必背句型

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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
& k+ W2 S1 t2 k( ~~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc). ^/ G6 w+ P' u% A
例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.2 j2 M4 j3 h: N2 }6 C7 }3 V
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。. x9 A$ L4 }+ h6 |' \; m" C
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.3 ^: r- F& {. g3 L# M$ y
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。4 Y0 h4 Q! b$ R+ ?' r2 O
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
+ V/ |3 o2 F( K& U: k% }Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V& O* Y& L" H* }+ T% c+ {! T# b  O2 g
例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.
) w+ F7 z3 ~2 ^, ^& c没有比接受教育更重要的事。
; e3 |6 `0 z( d# G三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.
/ N  R7 b; ?( K; M(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)
/ A! v; q3 ]# H% n1 c. {+ u3 B- x例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
0 K! g$ v- j# s9 Q4 m/ V/ \# P  {我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
: K7 X7 {, N  }+ g四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)& Y0 D4 s" f. R$ b' r& ^
例句:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
8 [0 z+ e1 U. N5 I; A! z! ^4 W5 i不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。" Q) C! U8 G  b4 {  |: t
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...): B$ t1 \( c+ p
例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
  n% T7 P4 S. c全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。+ |8 {3 c1 c) j6 t
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的...)
9 E8 T1 d) h8 c  f& c例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
0 _. J5 Z5 k( r毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
/ s1 Z, @/ N" D3 g9 G. O) J七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子(...的优点是...)1 K/ }+ K" Z7 Y* s) F! Z7 w
例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.
4 E& Y: o6 i$ `1 u使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。. t3 C' i0 J. E3 Z* U& @9 ~
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子(...的原因是...)2 b* Q- t" X1 L7 _2 L% R: N) b' N
例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.% P! p- t6 U; N  @+ D) m1 m
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.$ y1 K# c5 u2 @4 v9 S
- d$ N' A, S# I
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。! W  e( A$ ~' j7 F" T6 U4 C6 X
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此...以致于...)5 _9 U. e$ x/ \3 P' y9 v1 v
例句:So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.) j; O6 k0 d1 }! w
时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。
# \" |2 l" c6 b2 m十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然...)
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例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.4 S1 y  L! ~* t
{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}/ K: _; M" l, V( p/ q% S. D: r, V! t4 |
虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。0 I1 b! f/ p; A1 p0 X6 u& h
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
  E; j0 S: U: m1 V9 p; jThe + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~(愈..,愈...)1 H3 a+ y3 I0 S2 d+ a
例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.# b& b; m8 O5 H- h) \0 d; b
你愈努力,你愈进步。
$ N( D  q7 z3 Y" NThe more books we read, the more learned we become.
7 H  w, L8 G# ^" ~我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。2 V" G3 i( B# q3 K8 U
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着...,..能够...)
0 @0 H0 e* y* y% F  v$ V例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.4 f* M% D5 N" F7 n' J7 U1 C
借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。
8 N/ j2 F8 s8 M2 {) B十三、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (..使..能够..)
1 X( x/ R7 C+ _# |1 @  @+ i例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
& I1 a1 u. H1 C0 p' V) r/ I听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
* S" B! t' B3 p十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能...)/ c* u- m6 ]: b
例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
' A& w1 w2 K1 j& C我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
# Y' v4 @4 a5 p$ l" R十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是...的时候了), e! D" Q: ^9 T) e
例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
5 W: D, o5 S& t# h3 [该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。: d( Z$ f5 h8 _' x- Y
十六、Those who ~~~ (...的人...)+ Z& L' V7 M* F6 `9 l$ a4 }% R# u
例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished./ R1 m# K* v6 d
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
5 J2 p( w9 N" |$ T8 h6 W十七、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不...)$ [7 }# ~; ^0 F) T7 K
例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.
2 \7 f5 x5 p" E9 N7 g! D没有人不渴望上大学。
' Z0 |5 K$ E+ @( [6 k十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不...)  v* v  b, v+ k! o8 }5 d
例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。) Q! w7 N) ~8 g, O8 s
十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)3 Y# _. B0 b5 s7 q9 Q; f% L7 z: B
It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)
- ~! G" A# L) f/ y8 b1 ?It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)
4 E3 I$ K$ \: g3 p9 Q; S/ C例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.) f8 \; L# q6 W& w
可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
# Q, d/ r' a9 `) k, B二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是...的原因)
; a4 J8 J% N5 X, E$ w9 }例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.! W" A& X' p+ k6 p9 ?3 B& ?; n
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。1 @# s" [, M$ o! X
二十一、For the past + 时间,S + 现在完成式...(过去..年来,..一直..)
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例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.
# k# i/ A4 H- @& l过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。1 q- _. ^+ X, F& x( B
二十二、Since + S + 过去式,S + 现在完成式。
1 Q$ K+ X+ r5 O8 }/ \% s, g例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
2 s% C! M  F  |3 H0 O# g自从他上高中,他一直很用功。
, J$ V6 y* D* R  P二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。). [5 z+ K( L' A2 m$ G# ?) _1 m
例句:It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。! H2 d1 ^& f# E9 s
二十四、be based on (以...为基础)" T6 w& ~4 n* H+ ?( N& u
例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.3 f6 Y& ^5 ^6 w" i  k8 j) i
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。9 ]& O; {( y9 _3 }
二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)
  s+ ?. D' b% i5 a& [3 bWe should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
3 ^) @1 L! }* \! X5 K7 l我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
. ^* U& B3 Q: o2 B二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 (让..明白..事)! D$ j0 A! v+ _  U- O2 }7 g
例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard.
$ l# r. n  v" }4 B; T我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。$ T+ I1 q* K+ l9 z9 h1 G/ S
二十七、be closely related to ~~ (与..息息相关)$ C# Z$ M3 |! @4 D, j. t* m8 K8 R
例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.3 {7 F9 R! v3 s9 _( S, c) f4 n- w
做运动与健康息息相关。
5 B/ T$ C( A9 E! C7 x( s4 J二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving
7 E% T6 W, `9 E= make it a rule to + V (养成...的习惯)  }) q3 b& u* q2 D+ r4 r) ]
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
* y+ |2 ^1 `1 f- T8 |+ h我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。' A" ]8 }. s2 a% y, e, P6 N
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ (因为...)
5 c+ s% ^% R. F8 F例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
$ D' T( W$ ~  `! n因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。
  D* z; C- R2 J) j8 h# C) f# \( J/ v8 o5 l0 X) c

. K, K- D! _/ f' o# j+ p1 k; k
, S5 g5 G" K, i+ h% E) ~' |三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...!)$ b. t3 m5 ]# o  A
例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!: M' G$ K8 k' ]* \6 z
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
9 F2 r7 Z, Y2 S6 y* P. V遵守诺言是多么重要的事!( ?7 ^" C2 t! w
三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不满意)
' \# q0 x! G. p' a- R例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
5 h8 p& y2 J$ Z我们的交通状况令人不满意。
2 w! b# |& \; @) j4 ^) [三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ (对..有很大的影响)
6 v+ g6 K% K4 Z, t' s/ k例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.: @6 {' x+ h! z$ }. F6 a* @
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。1 J. W9 _" H# M6 c% R+ u  @$ g* L
三十三、do good to (对..有益),do harm to (对..有害)
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老杨团队 追求完美
例句:Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益1 X6 @! W$ s' Y( B- R
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。' s6 s; Y, H5 ]  _$ k3 Y9 }
三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ (对...造成一大威胁)  X$ ], E" x% c0 @# U1 d: k$ {
例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
* x& h+ j, Y# Y- T7 f- g5 ^2 ~3 \( c污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。6 ?# l6 K& a. T- i+ h
三十五、do one's utmost to + V = do one's best (尽全力去...)
/ A+ J: `- ~( T) A& y" b9 E  A例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
( w2 r2 N/ W6 T) Z& v我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
! A0 ?) o# R( g) `! N6 e( I6 k( x! V( y$ `1 i! a, Q1 Y+ P

6 ~* t! X/ p! H+ G英文写作必背造词
& j2 u+ ]& F0 F8 n. @- v; v  k2 q( l. O) @欣赏大自然的风景 to appreciate the scenery of nature
+ F, S; n0 ^' z1 v, j; G. R# t培养公德心 to cultivate the public mindedness
$ V- m8 \- L5 k) c9 y维护健康 to maintain health
* K* k( C4 [0 S0 _1 f保护环境 to protect the environment1 r3 T5 h4 V" Z7 ^, ?, x  G, B+ x
开拓视野 to broaden the horizon9 b6 l" o* q6 M2 J2 J% b+ y  c
开拓心胸 to broaden the mind
0 z0 |" `% p1 Y. _调剂生活 to make life pleasant
1 J6 C# e4 f& D4 O! u& h# U. w松散身心 to relax oneself2 G3 n& N: b; T4 {
启迪心灵 to enlighten the mind
1 V6 @! v0 I, b; D灌输知识 to impart knowledge into someone5 v8 X" W0 e' c+ E+ x$ n
追求理想 to seek after the ideal/ H5 N0 B& U% B8 ~  T; O
实现抱负 to realize one's ambition
  l4 n8 `) T9 c9 ?守信用 to keep one's promise
/ O2 `" C' D0 {跟上时代 to keep up with the times% |" R" \5 f' q0 ^1 K: j
欣赏古典文学 to appreciate the classical literature
9 \# @# a' O1 l" ]$ K4 M0 T6 _学习吉他 to learn guitar9 M3 S( z8 u) {- {) B0 b, l
陶冶品德 to cultivate the character
9 {* o7 k9 W9 C7 `贡献国家 to contribute oneself to the country
& U4 ?6 P( U9 v1 I/ y' a& v锻炼身体 to strengthen, exercise the body
; I6 f' {' u& B6 C& v3 o缺乏休闲活动 to lack recreations& I) u' X! Y: s
作笔记 to take notes' _+ a+ V+ c- E* g+ g, V: c
使用参考书 to use reference books
4 z. ?6 k% ~8 ?- g5 ]关心社会 to be concerned about the society% T7 m5 O% L7 v( J# Z3 ]2 c
服从校规 to follow the rules of the school5 L; {* V7 |7 {9 i3 t$ _2 H
尽身为学生的责任 to fulfill one's duty as a student
; j2 D. q- x! Y1 I4 c8 W2 k0 V; p克服困难 to overcome the difficulty
+ i- ~/ U4 x; V- j面临困难 to be confronted with the difficulty: r* ?7 N0 L! h6 p: G! K  H3 A
渡过困境 to weather the storm
. ^# v% z- ?/ ?5 z) W* n$ D; v走快捷方式 to cut the corner
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量脉搏 to feel the pulse
. Q- f1 G; [, L! s! Q9 C开药方 to prescribe the medicine
( C9 G4 R8 j7 h" E; ?( i" I坚守原则 to stick to the principle& f, [" S3 v3 T7 b
注意卫生 to emphasize the importance of hygiene% M; f- w* u: a$ u: Q
乱丢垃圾 to litter; to scatter garbage
. b7 D2 T. }2 @2 c3 z/ i. _美化环境 to beautify the environment4 x7 ?3 |7 C8 z9 @* [) `( O
种植树木 to grow trees
, K. k! i2 G7 u# K+ I3 }7 n9 o! D$ F$ \防止污染 to prevent the pollution8 G4 E. c4 V' X
提升生活品质 to promote the qualities of life
# X4 U6 L; s% l* C0 ?# o6 O+ v造成损害 to do damage to
5 g, U+ M6 C& j) N1 n9 I6 |对...有益 to benefit; to be beneficial to9 @# y8 i3 n7 i# U3 }
对...有害 to be harmful to; to do harm to) ?  d1 o& u: Q7 ^
任意停车 to park the car at random9 L9 W! E0 @2 @& U
制造噪音 to make noises
# q! Q5 I, F1 O$ y占用人行道 to occupy the sidewalk+ T( z! A$ |4 C% ]3 \2 E) |0 ]- J
妨碍交通 to hinder the traffic
# c+ D% K, W7 a$ v  b  a; I排放污烟、废气 to belch smoke, exhaust, fume) @' m) S2 M& y& \
造成不便 to cause inconvenience
: T% i' e. Y' V0 Y9 K' ]造成混乱 to bring about the disorder
: C: S& A! u7 ~3 N* g3 F+ h! S闯红灯 to run through the red light. M: ~% o  C6 V2 [; S
利用天桥 to make use of the overpass, q, e8 X4 J: K( v
查字典 to consult the dictionary
: u+ Z" |3 \2 k5 @% w( T' F屏息 to hold one's breath9 m7 d) \- J' I' Q- P# ]2 _8 D
流泪 to shed tears+ w6 W) \3 a- R/ C; `& h6 E
符合需要 to meet the demand
3 f6 q6 L2 n7 i* s5 ?生根 to take root
) n$ _! h9 C+ ?$ Y: `* G& l产生结果 to bear fruit$ u  \3 ]1 c8 s& e$ v2 p& D7 F
打破沉默 to break the ice
: Q! |) g, Q( [& X% m8 s气馁 to lose heart; to get discouraged0 v5 v+ y2 ^0 b) b0 Z3 b
振作 to pull oneself together; to take heart
+ l0 L* @" j4 z采取步骤 to take steps; to take measures
2 G) r5 U$ k5 P' |! G7 `缓和悲伤 to ease ( alleviate ) the sorrow! R  L0 s$ C( L" R" ]
承受负担 to bear the responsibility
* s6 g7 H% [$ z" l! g考虑到 to make allowance for/ `3 q, N# z+ a* r+ L
把握机会 to seize the opportunity
- s" j6 r# X! F5 V跑腿 to run an errand; N9 j9 c( O* q3 Q! |
树立楷模 to set a good example
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接受教育 to receive education
5 ^- P# ^) \8 k+ O0 C提升生活的水准 to raise the standard of living  }7 I; U6 J& m& a" b
告辞 to take one's leave
+ w( ?1 M- k' p* p有很深的了解 to have a deep understanding of
9 e  k' Z2 I: h/ e# A跟随流行 to follow the fashion
" u7 Y; N7 r: F8 |5 X5 X+ b5 {提钱 to withdraw money% ~) I( X' x" B  C7 y
存钱 to deposit money/ F& ^0 H  D2 N1 |3 C; C) g
良心不安 the conscience stirs
( k+ S$ R8 g$ W. P自立 to be independent; to stand on one's own
+ ?4 P1 P7 z- [# H- {' b英文很好 to have a good command of English
7 U/ g$ B$ C& k0 w/ J. S6 b1 J有广泛的知识 to have a wide range of knowledge
% Z5 J% _) _: h0 r喜爱艺术 to have a great liking for arts
* F/ u% r# t$ ^# E4 [+ \* o扮演重要角色 to play an important role in( s- q( b/ h5 q9 h
聊天 to have a chat with
7 z8 d' ]+ n3 S有...才能 to have a talent for+ E: o6 g: z+ p1 J' c& V
选择 to make a choice
8 u, t# Y' p  `; C% ^! b6 j有很大的影响 to have a great influence on
: a( I; d2 ^9 ~) v: U: k: B  `予人...很深的印象 to make a deep impression on
0 u! \& G: Z* ?* V, z8 J愚弄 to make a fool of  L: D. f. V" T0 D& M4 ^+ C: S9 x$ ~
找借口 to make an excuse
4 p, T2 ~" x0 A# {7 ]给人搭便车 to give one a lift) d$ i9 _$ s  C. G  J" R& I
打电话 to give someone a ring" g% w: R. y; p+ n) Z2 C
冒险 to take chances
: M& ]+ t+ M* B/ B3 s6 k( Q怀恨 to bear grudge against someone% f1 X- ]; R, b- R$ p( I
牢记在心 to bear .....in mind
& ^4 S( w5 F$ E板着脸 to pull a long face
( w( q6 f! m% o5 i+ @! t对...充耳不闻 to turn a deaf ear to
# \* B: {* m  j+ ^8 g) k: h/ f被开除 to be dismissed from school/ a/ i' f  [! B- i8 ]
生气 to be angry with ( at )1 c% B4 O& f1 M- {5 J
负担责任 to assume the responsibility
1 X) n9 F" J" b0 Q符合需要 to serve the purpose8 M3 [! Y; E2 ^9 W4 y/ g- ~
变胖 to gain weight
/ W; ?" F# c0 b, @! Z7 Y/ c有道理 to make sense
; P% N- f. e+ I0 p! ~, S记日记 to keep a diary( E& T9 o/ L* F7 {# u
尽己所能 to do what one can
. e' F4 A: b( s; x5 H* \% w3 Q. x擅长网球 to be at home in tennis
1 z5 d1 X$ f. U" z# s% X( R2 D郊游 to go on an outing4 a0 L) m8 u7 L1 r: n! Z& ?
消磨时间 to kill time
/ v0 [6 T9 Q% ^0 W: D+ }4 {增加生活的情趣 to increase the pleasures of life
: y; C, a9 @4 a2 m精神抖擞 to be ( feel ) refreshed
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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
解除紧张和焦虑 to relieve the tension and anxiety5 l6 k% V; F/ _4 O9 x) N
宣泄久积的情绪 to release the pent-up feelings
7 F5 H$ I  N+ T/ k7 O1 K游手好闲 to fool around1 [# G# Q9 |3 T/ P
准备考试 to prepare for the examination
. [  N" ?9 N6 c! j) u% O) k* V参加课外活动 to take part in the club activities+ i8 v3 H$ ?" T$ r: W7 b* I2 W6 w
无精打采的 to be listless* C* w- Z) J: z8 i6 z+ K* c3 P/ I
精力充沛的 to be vigorous, energetic
6 v/ n' `: ?2 o防台 to guard against the typhoon1 j1 n; k/ j; |9 ^6 w% X$ Z
逃避现实 to escape the reality
. I7 t5 |" h9 w4 Y达到目标 to achieve the aim1 n; S! o% I7 g. W2 u+ S9 t5 z
五育并重 to lay equal emphasis on the Five Disciplines
; e" h( a5 f5 b" f感到无聊 to feel ( be ) bored
5 o! _; _$ n4 f" l感到剌激 to be excited
; N0 L+ d# B- N7 S, r: m感到满意 to be pleased, satisfied
3 _4 V  E9 s% r  W9 f. w' ^感到失望 to be disappointed
" r+ K; |1 ^2 i' F/ J感到振奋 to be encouraged, inspired- R. x/ `6 [* `% g9 z  ]6 X
感到气馁 to be discouraged, frustrated) N9 m! I; c; `; x
感到疲倦的 to be exhausted
% g" u2 i3 i7 A/ O' A+ W感到烦恼 to be worried, upset, disturbed, bothered
/ r" Z7 R  F- m0 \放弃理想 to abandon the ideal
0 g) l7 c" E. E- @2 {奠定基础 to lay the foundation
0 K; `+ y1 w4 E% L失去耐心 to lose patience
/ w3 Z8 a8 k+ s2 x3 K# }进步 to make progress" M+ e5 e: A( l% B% {7 q
失去连络 to lose track of: X" P0 E- A6 v; u8 ~
保持连络 to keep in touch with3 w* B1 n* w! h5 v
误入歧途 to go astray
9 \2 k- k5 i- I9 t养成...的习惯 to make it a rule to; to cultivate the habit
. m& O; ?. t( S1 M9 r统一中国 to reunify China6 w' g$ j) [- S  b% h; Q
遇到交通阻塞 to be caught in a traffic jam
" E; n" S* C! k, K; h- p" Q0 R给...教训 to teach someone a lesson
  Y# }0 C) A; L改过自新 to turn over a new leaf
2 I% O: Z# j/ N引以为乐 to take delight in
( h3 l- H( R( h+ t予...以打击 to deal a heavy blow to: ]* L% `7 I& {8 J# Y
予...以威胁 to pose a threat to
# R* k8 Y. e. s3 `/ @5 R/ Y取代 to take the place of& X- |8 t: E! Q3 s
预作保留 to make the reservation& l+ @/ d  z+ O3 [
使...澈夜未眠 to cost someone a sleepless night- C* w( m! }! |$ F
充满喜悦 to be filled with joy
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背诵 to learn....by heart' P+ Q# x4 g& |6 g
鼓励 to encourage, inspire
; z; e# l; B  C# ?4 X) |4 T产生不同 to make a great difference+ i. `, c( |' i
犯法 to violate the law: v& X8 h8 @9 F
不遗余力 to spare no efforts to
3 x2 a! @$ x4 r% T8 M3 v* b) a不辞辛劳 to take the pains to# M2 @7 j# E" Z2 X% n+ p% B% k3 w
  to0 P0 T- c0 Y) U1 [' F) e4 }7 J

* d0 Y- S4 ?( P2 W2 D' |  语气转承词; d) ~+ o$ k6 ^3 \. z0 q8 |

+ t% G( k7 g5 e  }语气转承词是连系意念的字,有助于增加文章的连贯性。转承词以两种重要的方式来增加连贯性;首先,转承词有助于该段文字自身间的连贯性,这时转承词安置于句间,以使前一句与次一句的语意流畅。其次,转承词有助于段落间的连系,置于段首的转承词,将前段所讨论的意念顺畅地过场到次一段,做进一步的申论。
# G# L3 J6 c6 F: B) P5 d9 ?( |& b
7 _5 C) T5 o1 K: m以下,就转承词的功能区分为十二种。学习者应记住不同转承词的功能,并就各大项中重要者熟背几个,将来段落写作时就可派上用场,以增加文章之流畅,以下是十二种转承词,分别用来表示:' o: S6 Z$ V# {* X. j

# |0 |  `  h& }; o! V4 i6 k0 |一、解释( to explain )
" z) T! W2 `& I8 m1. now现在;那么(表示转变话题、要求、安慰、警告、解释、惊异等,通常置于句首并加逗点) 2. in addition而且;此外 3. in this case在这种情况下 4. in fact其实;实际上 5. for this reason因为这个缘故
% j! I, B% G3 N) Z  Q4 D. u例句:1.Now, follow the directions carefully.
1 G9 T# h$ R3 _9 G6 }2.In addition, there are two museums in the city.3 C. P1 ?7 b  P$ q/ j
3.The problem, in this case, is hard to solve.7 f; {( @3 a1 f3 t, Y2 |7 C. o1 j) ]
二、强调( to emphasize )
- s2 S: \! z2 y7 L0 z1. certainly确实地 2. indeed确实地 3. surely确实地 4. above all尤其;最重要者 5. most important ( of all )最重要的是0 B: M5 K! w% T
例句:1.Certainly the vacation was fun." m3 W- Q8 |1 E& z$ f
2.Indeed, no man is an island.谚语:人不能离群索居。% `( f( o. c. @/ U' |4 C% l) F
3.Above all, avoid swimming alone in strange waters.(陌生的水域)
4 s* {) B* i1 D! z
; k" D& y( L" M1 s 三、举例( to illustrate )
# R- q( w) V8 M8 S) `1. for example例如 2. for instance例如 3. thus就这样 4. next其次;然后 5. namely那就是 6. that is那就是 7. in other words换言之 8. that is to say换言之;那就是说 9. in particular尤其;特别 10. particularly尤其 11. especially特别地;主要地
. D4 j% {' V4 J2 v例句:1.A good speech, for example, should be as short as a skirt.5 L! O: k" v: i5 b8 j: _3 R
2.For instance, light travels faster than sound.1 s8 R" H+ |/ N( C
3.Next, think of the courses you want to take.
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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
四、增加或附属( to add )3 f8 N+ s- B( v3 \5 b
1. in addition而且;此外 2. furthermore而且;更有甚者 3. also也;而且 4. moreover而且;更有甚者 5. again而且 6. and而且 7. besides而且 8. in addition to除...之外 9. what's more而且! N* U+ i0 k% Z7 u9 H
例句:1.In addition, the tour stops in Tokyo.1 y8 V/ o0 }: [9 S+ y7 m
2.furthermore, he is too old to do that.
( w/ J$ ?7 a7 o+ K6 {0 d6 |3 _1 T3.Also, she asked for some money.
& t6 `. b4 E# e8 G3 V: c
6 `: d. J1 h. F' D* m7 F: _. ^5 k 五、比较( to compare )尤其是相同性质的比较
- @1 z: m) ~) {% X7 t) ]1. like像 2. likewise同样地 3. in the same way同样地 4. similarly同样地 5. too也 6.equally important同样重要地
8 c3 Z1 C+ H: w5 X# f+ I$ r0 D5 F9 p例句:1.Like Peter, Tom is a good swimmer.# [" t. y0 j/ o
2.In the same way, we look for a good doctor., T9 h* t  Y7 W; c
3.The car uses less fuel. Equally important, the car drives ninety miles per hour.
% e  l1 J& \" O  \$ k0 ?! E; {/ j9 p* m' [! b# e
 六、对比关系或相反的意思( to contrast )
$ r) @! ^; l" H7 Y  o5 E1. unlike不像 2. in contrast相反地 3. on the other hand另一方面 4. for another thing另一方面 5. on the contrary相反地 6. instead代替;更换;反而 7. but然而;但是 8. instead of代替;不...而 9. nevertheless然而 10. however然而 11. still然而 12. yet然而 13. after all毕竟 14. in spite of虽然 15. despite虽然
$ k2 b' J  B- O' n例句:1.Unlike Tom, John is brave./ G$ M5 f1 D# }3 ~" X3 l9 R* c
2.In contrast, they took to the streets.相反地,他们走上街头。
; B# R3 Y' N( N3.Instead, the new law caused many problems.
# s! L" X5 w/ p6 {: e( W6 i& L七、让步( to concede ); @; l5 T# h% c8 Z! R
1. although虽然 2. nevertheless然而 3. of course当然 4. clearly确实地 5. naturally自然地 6. perhaps或许4 z$ \8 E  k! @
例句:1.Although she ran after the train, it left without her.! u! v- I- x9 f* F
2.He planned, nevertheless, to ask for our help.) |3 I( b7 A6 ~# w
3.Clearly, a garden needs a lot of care.0 {+ l- h0 V( `# N7 z3 ~/ @
八、结果( to state a consequence )% H1 T7 F8 x& a$ ~! R
1. therefore 2. consequently 3. as a result 4. thus 5. accordingly 6. hence以上皆表「因此」,「所以」,「结果」 7. so所以;因此  S0 p" b9 i! @) H; a4 C
例句:1.They hoped, therefore, to be respected.+ ~) I: `+ S& c  x+ A
2.Consequently, we opened an account at the bank.) ?# f  ^3 ]# y2 p
3.Accordingly, she gave up her original plan.
$ d7 w9 e, K" ]. y: V九、综合;总结( to sum up )
7 z& {- F9 o4 b, v( F4 y1. to sum up 2. to summarize 3. to conclude 4. in sum ( in summary )5. in conclusion以上皆表「总之」 6. in brief 7. in short 8. in a word 9. to be short 10. in a nutshell以上皆表「简言之」 11. by and large一般来说 12. finally最后 13. in general一般而言 14. on the whole整个来说 15. generally speaking大体而言;一般而论
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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
例句:1.To conclude, Chinese New Year is the most important holiday.! A  k7 v% u: V6 G8 H9 r6 D
2.In summary, recreation is a big business.. U0 L  f0 M, J) r2 b) C) N
3.I will tell it in a nutshell.
# [5 }; o' w4 i$ S十、时间关系( to state sequence of time )
5 S& W" Q: P/ n5 w# L1. after a long time ( after a short time )过了很久,过了不久 2. after a long absence过了很久 3. presently目前 4. meanwhile同时 5. after a while一阵子之后 6. once曾经;一度 7. since then自从那时起 8. at the same time同时 9. temporarily暂时地 10. later稍晚 11. afterward后来 12. thereafter其后 13. lately最近;近来 14. sooner or later早晚2 d( W  }- Q* R' i6 f: J3 C
例句:1.They met after a long absence.6 R2 F! s* Q" ^3 l2 s2 E2 M
2.Meanwhile, they were at war with their enemy.
6 F% f& f6 I7 i. ?  }+ L3.Thereafter, they never met again.5 p- R8 L! Q4 Z/ U# I/ B1 D2 \; d
十一、顺序、列举或思想的延续( to state order )
# ~) z/ z! d( g: u! i2 p1. first首先 2. in this manner ( in this way )就这样 3. first of all首先 4. in the same way同样地 5. second其次 6. third第三 7. in the first place首先 8. then然后 9. next下一个 10. again再次 11. finally最后;终于 12. eventually终于 13. by the way顺便一提 14. incidentally附带地;顺便一提
# q4 M9 y$ K& @! G1 J( L9 C- W例句:1.First of all, jogging makes the heart stronger.# @9 [4 T$ H  n
2.Eventually, they came to an agreement.
! v  L( O2 u9 Y; S3.Incidentally, medical supplies will be sent here next Monday.' q7 X- w8 X, u+ B6 Q) Y
十二、方向( to state directions )" a, S+ v9 K# T$ Y" |/ Q  ^( }. e+ p
1. below在...下面 2. next to在...的旁边 3. beyond超越;越过 4. on the ( my, your, etc. ) right在...右边 5. further更远处 6. on the left在左边 7. here这里 8. nearby在附近 9. opposite to在...对面2 Z! p, K' n1 ^7 z2 \, y# Q
例句:1.Next to the national cemetery, there was an old church.7 i& d+ H( N* y9 d. U6 A3 @* X
2.On my right lies the beautiful river.
" C8 [" J" q% s3 p. @3 @$ Q7 U3.Opposite to their building, there was an elm tree.
  l  s9 m/ R6 G+ h; P3 s---------------------------------------------------------------5 T  Y0 i6 b" |. y( o
 英文作文「起、承、转、合用语精选」# ?9 \( _3 U2 ?6 d6 t' I( P7 L
1 l$ W0 o) G. p5 |9 H2 Q
英文作文之起、承、转、合用语是帮助同学使文章之前后语气连贯、表意流畅,从而使全文看起来肌理分明、组织结构严谨,以便在作文写作上拿到更好的分数。但以下所列者,同学要想在短时间内速成,不妨在起、承、转、合用语中各选六、七个用法不同者熟背之,并试着在自己平常的作文中运用出来,使熟能生巧,才能令你的作文如虎添翼。当然,同学不应该忘记,这些用词只是套语,真正重要的还是文章内容,所以平常多读、多写,丰富自己的意念与想象力,才是作文拿高分的最佳途径。
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2.As far as I know, S + V...据我所知,…
% ~6 _2 z; n$ L3.As the saying goes, S + V...常言道,…
9 h7 w+ Z2 B; n  `% W4.Everybody knows that + S + V...众所周知,…
- G" ~. A+ C# O: _, k, s5.Frankly speaking, S + V...坦白地说,…
6 |, Q' d( W) L. a5 D. c6.Generally speaking, S + V...一般而言,…
; L" v/ ~+ Z4 r! d) T/ X$ k6 m7.I'm of the opinion that + S + V...依我之见,…5 q( {8 s+ T8 V8 x0 M2 G7 Z) v$ z! g
8.I am greatly convinced that + S + V...我深信,…* o: y* g, ]! J- T
9.In dealing with..., one cannot but admit that S + V...在讨论…,一个人不得不承认…
" f9 F0 G# _1 I2 y5 @5 t) H10.In general, S + V...一般而言,…
5 s9 r% E% d+ k+ Z9 {# c% b11.In my opinion, S + V...依我之见,…
' ]: J  N9 p$ x# ~: C& s12.It can be easily proved that S + V...…是容易证明的
2 j: Q( w3 }9 B+ b0 Z: b& X13.It goes without saying that S + V...不消说,…
  Y- s5 N1 a# d4 S14.It is out of the question to V…是不可能的
, u3 S6 n. C: l, @2 ]# M. n15.It's quite obvious that S + V...不消说,…
1 E, N! @# O9 p# H7 Y16.It is said ( reported据报导, known一般皆知, estimated据估计, believed一般相信, expected一般预料 ) that...据说
! A3 x/ Z5 U( D6 W* B7 N- y8 |: t17.It is important ( necessary必要的, urgent紧急的, proper适当的 ) that S (should) + V(…是)重要的0 k, w- Y* s. z# C3 t
18.It's true that + S + V...事实是5 v$ B' M/ i% ?% Q* b
19.Lucky to say, S + V...说来幸运,…
* p% f  q. g0 l0 |/ }- Q; m2 ?20.Needless to say, S + V...不消说,…
: ]" }( T/ s" A; K21.No one can deny that + S + V...没有人可以否认…0 ^% T5 p# R* ?
22.Nothing in the world can delight me so much as ...世界上没有什么比…更令我高兴
, ~( h. h- U9 J* j  n+ O23.Of all the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more than...在我所认识的人当中,也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬3 n( u' x) p. A) V+ V1 G
24.On the average, S + V...一般而言,…5 }5 a8 I( M; v2 v
25.Regretful to say, S + V...说来遗憾,…
' r% x# R5 E( f( a# N2 j26.Sad to say, S + V...说来可悲,…
# Q7 _0 V# W6 p  F3 m2 Z5 Y27.Strange to say, S + V...说来奇怪,…6 q5 n7 W0 n( ]& K& D: d) }8 o9 F
28.Strictly speaking, S + V...严格地说,…
9 M- A$ A8 Z# y; `8 l2 J( O. U$ ~29.There is no doubt that S + V...毫无疑问,…
& M" ^2 L9 ]' I; E% i) F30.There is no V-ing...…是不可能的  n9 ^/ p. i$ M, Q0 ~
31.To tell the truth, S + V...老实说,…' B/ w# R  |& Q4 H) `
32.To the best of my knowledge, S + V...据我所知,…+ O2 Z, @$ O( Z1 T# M

2 n6 B8 M( w! C  (承)* f/ t  l% ]  G0 W% z# _
5 L9 d' M& F9 y0 j
1.According to + N , S + V...根据…,…
& }1 p% C% T  n' X$ E2.As a matter of fact, S + V...实际上,…
, d3 A% C, h* ]3.As far as I'm concerned, S + V...就我而论,…
大型搬家
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4.As good ( ill ) luck would have it, S + V...幸运地(不幸地)
" i- h& a7 `7 Z* z/ p& E+ ]5.As is often the case with + O, S + V...…对…是常有的事
. I; [: Q. H3 Z, l6 z& L6.Besides, we should not neglect that S + V...此外,我们不应忽略$ M) x/ n. w1 L0 e* b
7.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore, ...但是问题不是如此单纯。所以…
$ s+ C- @& r  K. J( X7 a8.But it is a pity that S + V...但是遗憾的是…0 \0 ~' Z7 b6 e4 k3 Y6 g& s
9.Compared with + N, S + V...较之…,…
/ x9 g$ m" A# @/ m: O2 ?  n10.Even if ( Though ) + S1 + V1, S2 + V2...即使…,…4 U8 ^+ {( w. y
11.First of all, S + V...首先,…, J% L1 s: x% R
12.For all + N, S + V...虽然…,…3 R3 O" C0 W" r0 G$ C' ^
13.For example, S + V...例如,…, l5 {+ Q3 v1 |( w; y* n0 V$ T
14.For instance, S + V...例如,…3 \9 k5 A8 f6 U. ^" B6 \$ Y
15.For one thing, S + V...一则,…; @! Q: c: O1 R2 C! a& H7 L
16.For the other, S + V...另一方面,…* f6 l. ^8 b: L9 I, k
17.For this reason, S + V...因为这个缘故,…
( D3 q" A5 ^! v. o$ D" j18.I take it for granted that S + V...我认为…是理所当然的) @: H; q4 x$ R7 i* C$ P& p
19.If we take ... into account ( consideration ), we + V...如果我们考虑到…,我们…' h8 n6 d/ Q3 K
20.In accordance with + N, S + V...根据…,…
( x$ R; U' {% w' Y1 p3 E21.In addition, we should + V...此外,我们必须…
. [7 J; l3 C- Q6 ^2 ~22.In all likelihood, S + V...十之八九,…- A+ \" T. `& G. w; Y; \
23.In comparison with + N, S + V...和…比较,…
; M0 W( c- P- c& G" D24.In fact ( reality, truth ), S + V...事实上,…3 n6 S. G+ ]" k5 J0 t) @
25.In nine cases out of ten, S + V...十之八九,…9 Z; P) D% k) _' U* S- d
26.In other words, S + V...换句话说,…2 ^# U* R" h1 }6 r, F/ u& _
27.In relation ( respect, regard, reference ) to + N, S + V...关于…,…# E8 d7 r; W2 K2 }- @
28.In spite of + N, S + V...虽然…,…
7 [$ t% P; X( R  u, w$ |+ c29.In the beginning, S + V...首先,…! t0 l5 T: F' v8 ^4 a- U5 [
30.In the first place, S + V...首先,…% y. F; U/ D8 g- E% y. O2 i+ h( v
31.It is not too much to say that S + V...…说起来并不过份* V, u; r% ^6 M! l- M
32.No matter wh- + S1 + V1, S2 + V2...无论…,…
# o* W3 P# e% v, F) }- s33.To begin with, S + V...首先,…
% v: T, R% @4 c- j0 r& y+ s34.To change another words, S + V...换句话说,…
5 S4 m% H% S6 e7 Y" N; E35.To cite an old saying, S + V...套句古人说的话,…
8 C% k. W2 m2 L5 ^% n36.To one's astonishment, S + V...令某人吃惊地,…
" x8 U- {) s& W; ]5 H37.To one's delight, S + V...令某人高兴地,…
# ^4 M/ }  S1 H% Z' l38.To one's disappointment, S + V...令某人失望地 ,…
  D$ w" a: G% J6 E39.To one's excitement, S + V...令某人兴奋地,…
- U" f/ P" m  E40.To one's joy, S + V...令某人高兴地,…
/ s: t6 \# P  q0 x* j41.To one's regret, S + V...令某人后悔地,…
, _. O8 w! P) P- L2 H# d  v' \  m) G42.To one's surprise, S + V...令某人吃惊地,…9 s/ D: K* v! g' c( H% @
43.To start with, S + V...首先,…
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同言同羽 置业良晨
44.To take...for example, S + V...举…为例,…3 C" e* k) f8 w; l" w; D; e+ `" S
45.We have enough reasons to V我们有足够的理由…$ q! `$ @) z: m, A8 e
46.What I must emphasize is ...我必须强调的是…
$ _6 ^$ ?+ z. |" P5 `7 Y" f: e47.What's more, S + V...此外 ,…
1 Y$ k2 C4 l+ X6 Z# ?+ E% c48.What seems to be the problem is that S + V...问题似乎是…
5 Z, F8 V7 V$ F* s# O0 i! ^# I$ E+ Q- y$ ~+ p* c" k. ^
  (转)$ X8 F/ w4 v; K: |/ c& E! T
+ r- s5 P* V3 W" T
1.By contrast, if..., it will certainly be the fact that S + V...相反地,假如…,那一定…
8 C# k5 Q% q1 F1 f) h. _2.But for + N, S + V(假设法过去式或过去完成式)...若非…,…
+ L; e9 N' }  [2 b  C' C& @3.From now on, S + V...从现在起* u: Y$ M# e( l  E% p9 V
4.Hardly had + S1 + V1(p.p.) when ( before ) + S2 + V2...一…就…) \) \3 c" D" J; p9 q
5.Have you ever + V (p.p.)....?你曾经…吗?
2 [( r8 T2 q0 B" E1 t) n/ D6.If by any chance S1 + V1, S2 + V2....万一…,…! h3 [$ ]6 S# n2 p* Z. n
7.If only + S + V...!但愿…!6 r2 q. f' f( l: ^
8.In other words, S + V...换句话说,…4 F! {: e( I  o& D# H
9.In the meantime, S + V...同时,…
) b3 e5 L+ g0 ]( a9 b8 B8 n$ d0 r$ L10.In the similar way, S + V...同样地,…
: t* a, h6 L. p7 w, t11.In this manner, S + V...如此一来,…) w2 {# j# h2 C# X" i# e( D: L' [4 a
12.In this light if..., there can surely be no doubt that S + V...有鉴于于此,假如…,确实无疑地…
2 r8 e6 y. k& F+ W& ]1 z13.Indeen, S1 + V1, but S2 + V2...没错…,但是…
% I, h' H0 W: E3 {14.It's 强调的人、事、物、地、时 + that S + V...正是…% h) U9 {8 I3 A" }* J# Q& x
15.It's high ( about ) time for + O + to V...该是…的时候了
, s  G% Q( \4 g, `6 r16.It's high ( about ) time that + S + should V...该是…的时候了) |6 m( A* W/ G  O" G/ t
17.It stands to reason that S + V...…是理所当然的# b1 r" ?: r& b4 I& g! P6 t4 h
18.No doubt, S1 + V1, but S2 + V2...没错,…,但是…
3 ~) J9 r& N2 F19.Now that S1 + V1, S2 + V2...既然…,…! `9 n( T; v1 U9 t: F
20.On the contrary, S + V...相反地,…
+ c0 L2 D; O! z+ F1 X6 S21.On the one hand, S + V...一方面,…0 p- ~% q2 ~2 @3 h# H3 v
22.On the other hand, S + V...另一方面,…0 l' E$ B7 ~! `) ^, [+ O
23.On ( Upon ) V-ing, S + V...一…就…, b- U4 [4 X- n" I; K
24.Owing to + N, S + V...由于…,…' c% A9 X4 A& l# b3 y+ K. S
25.The chief reason why + S + V + is...…主要的原因是…
& R# H/ v- w8 s& h5 x' m26.To do one justice, S + V...公平而论,…  h* A- s# O% \$ i) D3 ~
27.To make matters worse, S + V...更糟的是,…
: c; u& V# P  x8 R: H/ [" t; C28.To put it differently, S + V...换句话说,…& ~( I9 q: e4 M, B7 K* ~
29.To tell the truth, S + V...老实说,…/ n. q, Z" y* r0 T, N  U
30.Undoubtedly ( Absolutely ) S + V...毫无疑问地,…7 z6 Y6 d& E5 l; d2 ]6 A/ c
31.We must recognize that S + V...我们必须承认
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32.We cannot be too +我们愈…愈好) |, L" f& n6 S' X7 _1 Z) r/ n
33.We cannot + V + too +我们愈…愈好
# H& n$ C  }7 P& B5 {8 s34.We cannot over-V我们愈…愈好3 G' D% f6 w. h9 x( u9 h
35.What if S + V.........?要是…该怎么办?
' Q$ |! w' y2 b% @( f/ g5 p36.What's worse, S + V...更糟的是 ,…
" [9 G1 t% |  v1 `4 _37.Without + N, S + V(假设法)... 若非…,…$ ?4 ?  l  {* a0 K
38., not to mention + N…,更甭说…
+ }* x( W, X7 J! ?1 M- i. R39.; that is to say, S + V...…,那就是 ,…
1 X6 ~8 `, s6 V" x- L: s8 Q" o" t(合)
  b! V6 |2 d4 ^3 T9 G. [6 i" J/ P4 z( y$ S4 @: f0 J: p
1.Above all ( things ), S + V...最重要地,…& w# e/ J& \8 X4 j% ^
2.According to the aforementioned, S + V...综观上述所云,…
6 Q9 q$ }6 h# A8 {# D3.As a result ( consequence ), S + V...结果,…* o) q" D1 E; j1 G
4.As long as S1+ V1, S2 + V2...只要…,…' _  a% |; }+ K. Z' `6 \
5.As we know from the above, S + V...由上述我们可知,…+ C3 i5 o% q8 a9 S* Z* W
6.At any rate ( cost ), we should V...无论如何,我们应该…
: x2 G* n2 o/ c, p/ P% q& ]7.Because of this, we can find that S + V...因为如此,我们可以知道…* ~* b, k/ p# z& N, c3 g
8.For this reason, S + V...基于此因 ,…, q6 m0 u2 Z/ ]! n" T
9.From the ... point of view, ...从…的观点来看,…  M, F$ u8 W! {5 Z3 \
10.If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that S + V...假如我们能做到以上所提者,无疑地…
8 T4 `  o) _; w% {1 A. D) v+ G7 n11.In a word, S + V...一言以蔽之,…
2 [  i% Z, p% |8 m% ~7 I12.In any case, we should V 无论如何,我们应该…. m' O, N! x& {! b
13.In short ( brief ), S + V...简而言之 ,…
. K; ~% [1 e$ Z3 @; y14.In conclusion, we should V 总而言之,我们应该…
3 `! ?. Z$ R+ B6 O9 q15.Judging from the above, S + V...从以上来判断 ,…8 b) A2 Q6 ]1 D: U: @# e
16.Last but not least, S + V...最后还有一件重要的事就是…
: X" {6 ^+ Z% J* }! ~17.Only by this can we V...只有以此我们才能…
" D( ?* `  n6 C; x. Y5 U6 q18.On the whole, S + V...整体而论 ,…
& @( H. r: I! \6 B" h: n. _8 L  E1 L19.On this ground, S + V...基于此种原因
3 W) t7 _" |! l: }6 ?; Y20.Owing to this fact we can find that S + V...因此我们可以知道…
9 i- O4 u( b8 c! A' }! e/ m- L" M21.The long and the short of it, S + V...总之 ,…/ x3 H5 L& U1 {5 G' l7 n0 e
22.To be short ( brief ), S + V...简而言之 ,…
  v3 J, q3 a$ F: P# h3 |23.To sum up ( conclude ), S + V...总之 ,…! x; Y  b" ^9 K  G( e- ?5 w4 t
24.Thus, this is the reason why S + V...因此,这就是为什么…的原因
; U- l0 }8 h7 h+ y0 f6 \25.Under no circumstances should we V...无论如何我们绝不…
5 l, [4 A$ }: }26.What we must do is to V...我们只要…就可以了
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