 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
9 s$ \, ^3 `6 U# F
4 ~$ m" w( X6 D! {0 a; r; c* o 一、厕所 2 X" u p6 S5 @
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。 ( t3 x$ e+ D' O1 L
0 e7 c" A2 |7 C- b. _
二、解小便
! i/ v: S ?, i7 Y9 x% p/ e! C! U7 ~0 f 最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说: : |$ E% @0 [5 c* Z9 u: A% Y
Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
% d5 ]# m3 {* e1 O0 V* s0 U
1 ?- ?' ?7 H# p 医生或许也会问: ; c, B. ^ _! Z. I4 e+ R5 ^. G3 f) ^
Do you have trouble urinating?
2 B q: m0 s# k; { =Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)
$ @% ^( l% q: x6 Z/ F+ d) o# ~/ G- C5 [ t# Y6 x% O
此外,还有其他的说法:
0 N/ g4 B% y! d6 U) ?! v# c to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
. B8 {' @# }5 B" S" ?6 N * I need to piss = I have to take a leak.
8 [6 X1 } p$ o9 g6 K9 p * How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)
6 l, k1 h' e) }
$ d* I; ^+ E' X! L+ M: y 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如: 4 ?; k6 t' z# {9 b
* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
/ _, f; U2 o2 Y. @. P 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 6 ?9 K3 D! q7 `! ^/ M
* A" K5 l! K6 |9 w9 o
* He went to the john a few minutes ago.
: V# Z( h% Q7 a! ?* u- e6 R 他在几分钟前上了厕所。
3 \: n) I! u3 k% t$ Z4 u1 m
( C- \" c, d1 D8 y# b) X: X * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.
" ~9 j+ h" O$ @2 Q4 N a: M+ j 劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。
7 i- w- I3 ~( U# B0 L+ @) [3 h. ]7 \/ r& x# h' m
不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:
7 v, q" f1 l( O5 {! x s/ D: l * The boy needs to pee.
: j$ P- [( D4 j+ w, W; g5 `# r# a3 N7 C- b' H: }" ]$ w/ v
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如: 0 Y4 n# b+ L& r6 U
* Do I need a urine test? 5 n3 E; m5 z8 K. {4 A) j
9 v3 u) s" ~- I# E y) W+ \ 注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: 9 k+ g i) E/ B/ p8 F
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
0 _: U0 [- t! Q3 `6 Q! J * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满)
/ M& w' F' K! r9 t+ n4 a
. t- ?$ d& K9 A% I 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: 9 f7 v. Z5 x5 I+ }% q4 t# @& A
* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重) - |9 c* C2 g$ Q$ R1 n# D0 k7 y
* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) : d5 D p3 n' W5 X
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病) 3 f3 r/ X4 z) o4 X6 y% ^$ x# g
* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
% E- t* y" e2 B! @4 r- n- k$ a2 s( J! Z
三、解大便
) w' p! N, q0 h5 K0 j3 x 一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: $ K8 x& V! Q$ q, A3 w* u7 d
to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)
4 J# Z3 i7 i5 R =to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如: 0 N1 d2 s' D- a( B
* The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement)
1 p! N4 g9 B6 m% k0 m3 u+ G* [& \2 B/ Y S( r8 p
不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如: J( t4 ]6 y; E+ j( a/ R# B' w
* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
% ]- w- I0 t: |1 y$ v5 K7 Z& P1 d8 ]' \2 [& i, P a
但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:
( b8 k& {$ v2 t" C: l5 w * The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。) : G ?- r$ s) z5 \: p+ S# B. v/ X2 [
3 ~ I3 ?' C8 z 四、放屁
" d M3 `& g: E3 U w& { 在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: ! ?! l: H4 y/ O& D8 d: y
How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?
% Z$ d) e! l3 p- t+ M- Y 你放屁的次数很多吗? : n" n% g1 R* c0 `5 {
* Is the gas expelled by belching? , T* e' D& n9 U, _8 x$ F) @
是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) 3 k/ O8 h0 z+ U5 M0 b9 e
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
% I% ]% }' f6 j8 u/ v 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 0 d$ M" W3 d2 d' q f
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.
( V9 r1 D( x, t# ?+ s4 E0 r# Q 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 0 Y: v1 n) i# b& a
* Be careful not to fart in the public. ) a' i y& Q- |2 Z5 L
注意在公共场所不可放屁。
( J3 r9 e$ i3 Y) L3 f+ v% ^# H5 E w5 E( J
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:
- s( _" Z% g( P8 C * I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) 3 p1 g5 R5 Z p1 ^2 {
= I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
# o% Z0 E( Y3 f C: L d6 O 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
0 }" \* {+ K6 E9 H9 s4 G8 p1 b. A+ x( m8 y( r. u S
* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. % @% t# T. o8 z! v
胃不舒服有两星期了。)
/ z2 Z; w: `% u * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)
# M; s9 z* {5 D0 s" i/ ? 他经常便秘。) 或
( ~ o! s' I; M* F* }$ L * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 ; ]& r1 r% ^* k8 O) [5 g3 m
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
) A ]' F) n6 B2 T3 z * He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
& C5 u5 _! @! _2 D$ k- z( k) c0 m6 w/ J$ Y8 \
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.
9 N$ d; I h7 g' f) g 他拉了一阵肚子。 2 @$ A) R- `9 p* w2 `! W
* He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) ; z* w- i2 t! T' `) N
大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|