 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
1 ~: @1 u# E/ l' t1 O# J( p; ~) @3 G5 [0 X% W4 L, c1 n
一、厕所 t8 C) @ J8 e
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
9 D# B( I; g; E" C5 G( |& [3 M' a/ E; \0 f9 N1 S N# [
二、解小便
) ~6 W, h/ \1 q# Z 最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:
4 \( ]+ ^8 {% n/ b. A Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
. P. {+ ]; q( ]8 V. E9 p* J1 v0 f1 z- I2 w& ^: s6 {5 _% D
医生或许也会问:
( ^9 w5 h) u7 u* d& s `7 s/ s Do you have trouble urinating? 3 l$ M0 B% w o
=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) 5 p( @2 P- G9 x5 I& C# R, A
6 W8 z" t, `& q! q
此外,还有其他的说法: 3 x0 Y0 D. g5 p0 N; O
to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
' A& o* b' e5 L# G7 T7 Q. f4 F/ e * I need to piss = I have to take a leak. : @1 M3 y F' p+ ~. U% [9 x; f5 M2 o
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) + {/ Z$ z7 s+ @; e3 ]) A
. d- [1 O; R5 g; ~
此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如: ' P" l- z: M$ [. x" ~
* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
, j, E5 h$ M/ g7 x, ^$ w$ H9 c 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 / P# j0 Y6 J" A5 o5 o
, n% }. C3 Z* d2 X* e * He went to the john a few minutes ago.
3 `' V3 m* h5 u0 A8 w+ @ 他在几分钟前上了厕所。 ~5 b- b3 T+ O* J# @9 Z
: ?3 [/ z" \" X * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.
' @* K i+ h$ Y: o" n7 m 劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。 2 j$ ]' M/ D9 E
. r7 X4 s9 r# X, A 不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: . l h( L( P# A9 r. ?* W
* The boy needs to pee.
/ O3 w$ d% b1 E- o" c& `* q* _' E3 o; j( n! i, w, ~- w3 t/ j
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如: + J3 h2 ^/ H: l, u1 I3 @! k
* Do I need a urine test? 4 N8 g* G% ^6 A# ^0 @
7 a! M& X. `+ R& {8 I' M& O
注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如:
' d }) `' E8 e% i% E7 D * He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
L7 h/ Y6 D+ W * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) ' X5 s4 F9 n" b% C- g4 w
2 [# y$ U/ R6 H& b! | 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
/ \0 Z8 x: f: `. x( I* k * My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重) 7 X; y5 `1 s3 f( L+ }2 \9 t, w: S
* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) 5 l) V$ G" S( J+ w* d
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
- x" e) D9 s) a! }0 P * I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
# ^' E+ k& x7 I' i
& S- J) V8 k8 i$ a, j 三、解大便 1 r8 G$ F w0 _8 s5 e6 P7 i9 w
一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: O! x% q5 Q5 a; ?( ~0 {0 M# w
to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)
( [" E% `: c# I- Q8 c =to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
1 F' t. H4 [# M2 i& o% Z# W7 q8 w * The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) & D0 ]3 C5 k5 Z: _0 d+ _4 m+ M# O0 e( i
8 ^% c% O3 _: E" r
不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如: - f; C! ]3 g) c7 {. `* y n. R
* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。) ! O3 s. x& G w, c/ I; @& |3 p) q
* M% X% z6 J! U 但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: 2 R8 W+ y" k5 a" d3 m$ @
* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。) , K, g; }4 \0 y b- |
+ u* m! n1 `. Q4 E- b. y
四、放屁
# [( Z' k; A7 ]# u- P 在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: $ l- j; J' T0 k, |/ A; N
How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?
& e3 E9 N4 n/ H2 Q# z% {5 W" h 你放屁的次数很多吗?
# [- O# f* ~. q- r9 a' _6 I* S * Is the gas expelled by belching? 7 s% Y" A# z2 c$ `- }
是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) 6 F2 R; `1 m! V0 c) ? r
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
- \) v$ t* \! U( S+ j 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 ( q; f a$ C: W+ |
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.
4 l' `, S. |1 ]; \) s$ B; S" @7 Q7 V, [7 F 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。
6 d- S9 k1 }+ ~) i, s * Be careful not to fart in the public. " E& j# ]& e- g( C
注意在公共场所不可放屁。 ) H: D. G- p2 I9 R: w) ^- H: u
" d: L$ h) a8 Z3 c0 O. z7 G 至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:
. @& X% m) Q1 [* |1 {3 W, ` * I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) + l! v' e' [: @" m3 h) }
= I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
( ~" Q4 r- h2 C& w q7 n 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) 4 R' j7 K3 C. K8 ~
8 {4 b: Z# @+ k- D s, h
* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. ( [& J# b/ q8 R7 K6 h, T9 P
胃不舒服有两星期了。)
2 F5 |2 S; a1 o2 t4 B2 o- y * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity) " ?0 m: ]$ o: G8 H( p
他经常便秘。) 或
! U0 L( j3 L% f0 Q. D2 X * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 8 r; [0 ^: Y4 K0 P! w. B" n
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
$ }) O4 g2 H o6 I- v * He has no bowel movement for the past few days. 8 O. y* l; H; T4 i
$ v5 h9 v' D8 l. h s6 {6 Z/ c/ b
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea. / r: `) j4 g& R$ {
他拉了一阵肚子。 / m: [: W2 Q/ J9 B, C* ] p
* He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) ; S- w9 D& o) C; d t9 |" D% ]
大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|