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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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9 g9 k3 K6 x# I5 i/ xProof: N% [& c0 i/ e; \6 a% U, D
Let n >1 be an integer / x4 m) X) o3 M) @
Basis: (n=2)
1 S3 X, f4 q+ s 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
2 c- U# W" D9 Q$ {. Y* q& f: m3 {) r1 Q& H
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that& D& M" y, \! a4 u
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.: i/ j4 X4 @4 x5 C& X
: [1 s& e* ~* y% \
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
: a+ D5 A! }& H! l! l; ~2 l6 ] g% Isince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem9 ]( N) _5 v. T/ r
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
3 H4 I: ]/ x% A8 k' t$ E = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
5 ^- _. i! I( e6 g0 ` = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
* \) H5 u) Y: l ?' ~* q! N' e = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 e+ c. I: @ |( e1 G& s9 L! R! z
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0! z( O/ ?: g2 Z
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)6 X0 M: c4 @8 Y/ E1 [7 }( Z
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
9 U9 U; A B$ F0 J! _( ~. v# d = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3- G0 Q6 e4 l `* @" d
4 z w& V# Y3 ^2 ]* Q( xConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.# Y9 _( e) x$ i3 F/ S
8 f+ ~ \8 {- ~, b. Z
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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