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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n): ]3 [% w4 R# ^; b/ W7 {* ]) Y
$ v& N9 h5 L0 }7 LProof: 0 | V" Y( R2 q; S$ _, L
Let n >1 be an integer 7 G/ r; `. x3 }; t( g, A( D
Basis: (n=2)
2 X6 v$ O4 _! A2 M 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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& K& x8 S' X* _Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that- w G6 q2 W' Y# l
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
, x0 U& v/ `8 U- `( t t# S/ D# x! @8 P2 ]) V* [+ K( p
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3. r7 i5 R( N0 q9 v- O$ i7 \
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem) f% g$ L/ d \ p. H
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
* j3 R3 b( Q# `0 d = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
8 D/ G0 ]1 S) N" d = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
( O1 V* e& @$ {( z; q4 ^ = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
6 Q% F* a! o; R7 H$ f9 u _/ Eby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
, H5 f$ Z) O2 Y% V2 P, ySo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)% l* d6 }: N& S2 K/ T
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)( m- y& [3 j( Y3 l1 y7 f8 L
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 39 Y! u/ X2 k f5 O
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.* [2 C/ l2 n, p
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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