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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof: ) t0 ], s ^3 }( o- f) R
Let n >1 be an integer + x c# J7 L4 `) h, N
Basis: (n=2); M# n! ?! Q+ Z2 f
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3/ ]+ J" v3 J& S
. H; N4 f* v9 }! _! qInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that- d3 {: C0 S/ O& p
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 30 V% ?. P' E0 v" V, U) h
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
2 A4 B( D* |7 V8 _1 |, CThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)5 Z) }9 `, D- k! t) ]; v
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
+ I& Z; _5 Z j! @- h = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)4 |" D8 T7 e$ D& _% U5 m* `" F
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)! r) G9 o+ P" v# B* S" G' _
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
# m$ e9 g" T0 |7 c1 ~: N3 H" r5 b' ESo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
" j) ]" d1 `, u7 P' f- j/ d) V = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
: S0 ]/ h$ Y; A* d = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.9 S8 a2 B! m" L0 X1 G. [
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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