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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)# U$ F5 t0 S5 r9 `: R1 j O% |* i: o
0 d! F9 C y/ v! Z! H1 `% O2 ]Proof: ; a" k& w+ ]' J1 b2 B
Let n >1 be an integer
5 K! ] f8 G" kBasis: (n=2)" P" G9 K0 b( O: j. _4 ?
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3 G' J, Y8 \* m
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that% [- o- ^/ a- v: w
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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2 r( ~! J0 ?, eNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
9 @. M \2 |1 ] q. G- F% O: ysince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem% n. X7 z% _- a+ V" s0 _/ h5 M1 V7 G
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
) [& c3 @6 ^' ^7 Z& |3 c/ d = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
# l# y. d0 p% e = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
2 Q5 K: P3 ]; m. \- M = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)) K; j( Z( h5 |1 w t
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
% F' t8 G8 B4 g' z( o8 USo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)! {4 [: {* D) L$ V* B4 d
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
2 K5 h. S9 `- L = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 36 g- Z+ S# S$ p3 x: u
4 f* f" q6 e4 b7 A2 X( @. C
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.$ y7 D8 B! K" Q+ l, U* d+ t- ]2 J
0 F2 z+ i ` z[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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