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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)$ Z( j8 p) t$ i6 G& j
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Proof:
+ C% y2 T3 P: s) k( E+ [Let n >1 be an integer
+ x/ Y6 G5 y3 S) J$ u1 D' y! h6 FBasis: (n=2)
) v5 n( s/ }- g1 f# {9 x 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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$ L: t8 \7 f6 ^( o! A/ UInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that% s0 o7 o* h+ [0 `% U
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.+ f" `" e1 U# \
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 34 L0 b6 y$ ^/ E/ i3 T
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
& ~/ X( o; f3 p4 EThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
) }" F1 f% n; H# b& z u6 H = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K. s" O6 C* `' O
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)6 O! z5 j( Z. ^
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
9 j, c' M1 \0 w- o# Dby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0; ?; I k6 g' p( Z3 P. |. p. u
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 H% T6 K% Q. S- m! @) {% D5 [
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)0 S- ^' N* S8 H
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3% Q/ c" l5 R( i R4 d7 `' O/ n L
+ ?# `2 P0 o, l
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.' Z* c9 I+ V; @
* j9 `& Y3 [" I# x n[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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