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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 4 ^' o2 C1 ?8 u
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106889 @( Y( z1 u: S1 x) \- m$ q/ H
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China' o1 t8 M+ m" E% P- p
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
3 j, t) C, |7 W$ Y# a4 X [! hFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
, W7 L1 J% X6 H5 ?Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.$ L+ A. u |4 A0 z7 @' V1 c
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
: A- {, R8 s) U3 W; IReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018! S% `% ~0 l: |# } {' m8 P. X6 e
Published online 26 January 2018$ o) U! B/ p6 v
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Abstract' X4 Z' A" e4 ~$ U3 o/ I* {# K* {9 X
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing0 l9 W* g- `2 E* ]3 [3 R
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The, ^+ g I7 b" s$ c3 ~
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
+ E2 U6 W* A' Q# ^engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
, x: v% h/ X% P/ s2 l% ~/ w; |0 Donly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
. K2 { ]. S) P$ C" m# Gworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
7 [( a2 E7 @, i @4 G" r; lto the standardization of the scientific terminology7 B' J- X+ c' c$ V0 ]4 ^( Q
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
! b& G( }/ I3 F+ [) r q% nscientific translation practice and his translation ideas, ]3 o4 a/ m) ]
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the0 i! g' t4 u* s$ ^3 F' s0 e
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
8 k$ j4 a7 e1 }1 L) k& Uin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
. Y) a- k% Q3 T! K! u) }- _' D. Yhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
. j6 d) g' {7 }+ B: y1 t7 R) C, fof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
' v% S: o/ m( b$ W" G# F/ Q- Athe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way6 z( l! z" D6 V/ @6 P% r
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
/ {4 o1 ?- u4 b4 h. Cthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
" b& l8 ^4 p/ u- m$ M7 Zgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific* }# U, ^: M3 W6 ]
terminology.* S$ {6 c8 Q3 v4 o% J, V
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
8 F# ~% c) u- @# \- lStandardization of terminology translation+ O4 o2 j k4 C8 p7 m5 `7 V
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to: E* f( C( {% r
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
" Q* s( r4 v7 J2 z% m. jChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available9 U' R) F3 q i
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
- p4 |; X: x( y0 PDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102135 \' _. q: \ }* A
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INTRODUCTION$ e: }) V" u2 F0 B9 w, m
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
7 e7 l0 |0 C! }1 h. aa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
/ t$ H# V, _/ N6 TDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
B' Y2 q7 d% MHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
$ B3 |/ f4 ^4 Q6 J( w5 c% J5 }St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed- n+ I( A! P O& W7 a$ o+ [$ }# d( C. ^
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
% E! {) `1 |0 Han editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on3 w3 O0 E4 I2 E4 @. L3 V) F5 Q
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-- Q/ y) n1 }, n# l, x+ F6 _+ z. W
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
# c# [4 A! f5 A4 y* p; R- Gworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,9 d1 i6 E: E, y' o9 c3 _
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
4 |3 r3 G. @" _# j/ mNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated9 U6 X1 y' f9 w( s
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant/ ~1 S1 T5 l$ {$ U$ ~) z6 H9 I# X
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
- y/ w# V: x# m6 b% B1 E# wrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
3 @+ B, C* [0 M. w0 V$ ?Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western) ]1 f9 W9 ], m2 r! q$ {
books that made him the most productive one among the
7 U7 |; x: Y# L- d- ~+ j" G2 mforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
; a# ~( i0 ^" H" O, B! q6 t5 ntranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
+ C) {9 o% D0 J' Fnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
( s5 g% q/ L: C2 m) e( Jpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
) c0 z% t( X, n. MIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer2 x: ?7 M" M- L- v5 X
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
' f' L% @7 ?5 \6 cscience and the standardization of translated scientific& _+ v5 B9 y" W6 H
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific2 O5 k* Q [: o% u1 O
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
1 G) ]# H! r$ G Restablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
$ _0 h; T) N6 n1 o- b+ {contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series: J* B* T1 Y% G4 A6 [8 w# q
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
* X( x% v( r& m/ X6 fModern China., M& W2 `' r8 m4 t" s
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
9 Q& Q0 Q+ I0 K6 Y, M0 u1 PThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of4 H T! X5 r, d9 V; |7 N
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
% H' \& o+ d2 \& V2 G" ka lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
) p7 [; I+ j3 z0 k a& b* TJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
$ \, E; `9 w! x2 cTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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