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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 6 i6 }. E' J" a# [# R) `8 p
; E1 ^6 g& `0 b! l# ohttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688+ F# d! {& F4 M. `$ [, C% j7 G
0 S/ {* L# C! V$ xJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China* n9 M. D5 J4 [
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
9 b) h* f- G; LFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.2 o. I: @2 R) n- L& G: H* ^, \
9 X, E7 F/ J3 p! k; k5 E
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
5 D3 q( w4 t" D" `+ H" J* ]Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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R; D6 w5 M3 B5 G4 E" j8 e' @Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .$ [ f/ t, E: J. [( m' r, q
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018- M/ S; c1 j1 a* O
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
/ E. _$ ]/ A8 ?! i& }John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
7 t$ w/ a. t* _) m" w& S# pDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
0 R% |, W( T8 k! h" H, aTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
/ |/ r ^2 ~, k: J- fengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not: t; e/ b w: c
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific* {( \+ _6 Z, ^) T; I6 j
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly% k9 _* D8 h- F6 O
to the standardization of the scientific terminology1 c9 g+ F4 Q+ k) a( u
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
. W" U1 p2 F0 X" n9 pscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
4 t0 c. v: M$ x! D- [* G2 d6 xand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the6 L9 \: x9 O2 `* @ E! J4 |
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
9 _# l* C+ ^& ?5 A7 z& Bin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien4 Z$ ^. g- F; [2 `' L; a
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
, a# _% Y- g) m& w# L6 H3 Dof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
' n3 A' G' T' W% `7 Gthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
- _% n9 f' L3 S. ^1 t; Mfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and+ h& J# ~0 J5 m
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
3 N# C+ R; H( n# i6 h: ogreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific. O" {% B' S& z0 K# n) {
terminology.
) u* K3 d) M7 }2 `, zKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;! v3 C. m B4 Y4 |4 z" c# w: z- P
Standardization of terminology translation. t. I) t2 P7 }0 Y! ^' f" W
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
* h9 p& w |$ GStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern/ P) M( G5 Y6 W4 F" B
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available& L' O- K) D9 r" m9 u# m" S4 h( u
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
5 q% Z+ Y) `- o( h) p- |5 ]DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213# l$ d5 m7 g; a" ?6 _1 g
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INTRODUCTION
& G/ w$ C* K0 y4 D" n0 [John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
- O0 m# q, i, P; Ba great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
' r9 U1 G7 ~3 `/ tDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
# z( l1 Q: f9 {: b" q' R% R1 X/ g- [Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
( O0 N/ d: w& Z" k4 O+ T$ h, d5 }1 lSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed& P, Q- p3 T; B" z
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as! E# }5 a; g1 Y9 k L* V$ k
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
% O1 g; Z/ P5 chis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-2 ^ w4 G2 A% R0 _
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific2 O0 k, }# o5 x5 A7 N9 Q
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,. M; F v8 V6 k6 ^" M8 d: {
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.7 t3 c- \: }1 r+ w
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated3 T' r2 @2 h- Z, W( o+ J P
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
8 }; ]5 T0 d2 Iwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,* o7 e; K4 I; Q) ?; J- C" ^% }
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,: {% z. v9 E9 N9 O* b
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western$ W) S4 X5 J; O& y
books that made him the most productive one among the
, \( ?' ~8 M6 _. L# w9 A" I" Dforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,$ S4 z" z* X6 i) l( x* Y
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
/ h* ?" \$ a1 w. Y4 `noble work which could help accelerate the process of m% H8 i# D1 Y4 k( b3 L5 T
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).5 {2 f, |! W# F
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer3 V5 S/ Y" u) ~: `: t. g# t
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western l# l( X$ e8 r
science and the standardization of translated scientific
( D4 A% ~' J# B8 _* q2 a" Z6 y; Lterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
3 k* y0 k- F' N: W: m4 b& jmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the2 S$ y5 n5 n6 Y# O1 c- f N
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another( V/ J. y c; s& _+ s2 k/ g: N1 ] f
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series! V3 p& j! S# [& s
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in3 q+ a- j D8 i! Z
Modern China.
5 V2 B) f9 q8 I7 P( R: v4 gAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published4 X, [1 g+ f/ B$ {
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
0 s4 D2 A( K* T: T* jtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
( o8 ^5 X7 u% F; ja lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
$ Y+ i0 g6 m2 j0 i$ \John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and( [ S! b7 v3 j. y6 S
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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