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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 + g. n: q* A0 d2 C) Q8 d+ ^
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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+ i% K. `) [$ B1 r1 H; a$ oJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China2 T7 x9 p9 [5 \1 h/ L9 e" u# c9 W1 {
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" i$ e$ ]+ I8 P$ M6 U- j" U
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.' `8 v- k4 G S! |! f
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of) G) |2 g! Y( U5 o
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.$ T' s6 S# e" j: u' {0 P- l: c
! N. k; c6 O, Q" n- s S. t/ E. RSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
* G1 r9 H: o2 F5 K) O6 g. f8 rReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018( P" A/ N2 Y. P% B5 \$ B; {
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
- o, h% z4 K8 d) G4 J. \John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
9 S E, D* K: t* w4 T. f& LDynasty who came to China and was employed by The4 d' X' ?+ d9 `, }( h5 [6 e- a( B8 Y. s
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
/ t5 f7 I: _5 Kengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not! M2 p0 F8 t; X/ _
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
% [' F7 F6 k: m; zworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly0 g9 ?+ c7 @+ o4 n
to the standardization of the scientific terminology, O4 D9 E% W3 P+ r7 d' q# n$ B
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
% R/ Z) }3 H. a9 U$ ]7 [( pscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
4 K+ ^3 S; |: Y# p2 A! C0 A" zand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
0 D# V; G4 E5 {standardization of the scientific terminology translation! K! q7 \, N& J7 x' p$ k% x
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
- o8 R7 E8 J2 r$ h& B! y% n$ ihe established had helped greatly with the popularization
$ P% z. L' f8 ]7 C$ bof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
. Q6 e" m) A9 r4 v8 a) Mthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
( i. |9 v8 p _6 @) }for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
& w' z% B% k9 T6 D1 f) `# Xthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
8 U: C. g7 ~+ f8 H ~4 lgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific1 b/ w; V( K0 j# f4 [% Y
terminology.. Z, i: G. J9 p1 P' b
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
! R6 W4 w/ d9 `9 E( C; T/ ZStandardization of terminology translation/ l; e+ _3 u3 e
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
, Q4 K! k1 H( x6 {Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern6 ^& @+ g; e7 G! N9 Y
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
( w9 |. S/ M% ~, tfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
+ Y; w E2 {/ G2 a& v$ rDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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3 w! w. U5 l% JINTRODUCTION
9 q( e- v; ~0 n/ p! H( a3 zJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
. \) Q6 y# O) M5 S3 k0 r; ^( Ua great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).$ N& {9 v/ [# p V7 |% [8 d- o) [
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to, i3 H! b' l( s, m" `
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
( r) @- o2 ]# B! ISt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed x. x% o* y9 S }: C
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
- k5 x# l1 f5 P9 Z& n3 Ran editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
6 w9 [4 t7 S3 rhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-. G) ]5 s' _0 L" x: {
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
# m3 e! e2 F6 a- B5 N. oworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,) W9 l5 h1 a1 h) R T" v
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.6 X5 z+ }5 J ^+ k _/ m7 T
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
/ ]; T2 B3 d& D8 D% @3 I% uto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant, e/ R6 _9 n1 q+ p" ]$ o5 {0 t
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
2 S* G5 r3 V2 g. Arevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,! t4 J6 [0 U7 e6 e
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western8 V! E3 v% Y1 w6 C$ F2 t
books that made him the most productive one among the+ S3 V6 S2 _( E* h
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
* K _& o5 i6 W( ^: o v% atranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a9 R% \" h" ?. P
noble work which could help accelerate the process of) F; b" W9 L; x4 Z& s. L
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
% ~4 {4 k9 Z" W" _; oIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer0 @ g, C3 t/ `, g
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
. h4 y# p9 K) X: }* `science and the standardization of translated scientific8 h6 I( S/ d3 R7 D7 E$ v
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
7 b6 R: z# C" Nmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the7 \3 z f- @* R5 o: l M2 ]( o8 @; F6 ?
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
; y+ e M' x1 P9 K5 U4 s2 Zcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series& ]1 B5 u) g0 p
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in* Q! j* J: ~' k! G$ X- C4 R$ E
Modern China.% h4 d1 R0 T, ]7 Y/ O
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published g: d+ C0 q/ R5 D+ l
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of2 T- F6 Y8 |$ U- z$ q3 B
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
5 M- x0 F" `& ?5 L' Ca lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In a" t2 y! V m
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
* c" @$ V d% z* _& qTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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