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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
% E3 b/ Y, o# AYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of8 u" Q2 A- ^2 G, U4 E6 z' F
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
( B% j3 m a* j$ U7 w0 D
/ u% q4 V5 f! q/ cLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
' f! k9 i" G0 L( d% ^% t2 vFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China. Q1 ^) V3 L& ], I/ G+ f
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
' v7 r5 W6 {7 \3 l1 DReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
8 T( V, A4 A- [1 e: gPublished online 26 January 20183 l+ W; {8 b; _, y) n C( l+ z
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Abstract7 M1 K5 _8 q$ Y$ g
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
# C; T4 v m$ w' MDynasty who came to China and was employed by The; [3 H- N1 g; S# z# J: ]( A
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
) e3 X9 h3 q8 f; Y# z( tengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not4 @: j) E, ^3 v/ h
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific2 c, [, M p( U c* X+ U! E7 ~; ~
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly9 d3 g% \, @. _! y- V' G: w
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
0 C" o: b+ C- w* _6 Etranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s a5 ?/ |# |/ I: p+ ^
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,! `0 R) y' H% R7 N
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the! `6 e; F' ~* d e3 Z) G
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
5 F0 G; o& \- ^. c5 Min Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
- B; F) ~2 C3 x2 f# _' Khe established had helped greatly with the popularization
5 ?- h; d* _: Z8 P$ L! lof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring4 q D- e, [) k2 L# L, ^
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way6 z/ q. v3 F* J
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
( @- k1 p4 }3 ]. x" `2 p5 l! Ethat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
- ?1 V0 t+ {# c9 Ngreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
/ V- y' ]5 x F" ~- a8 wterminology.9 r" Z: K5 r) J, w! |2 X
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;: R4 N3 o( O5 J& |# y0 m3 V
Standardization of terminology translation
1 x6 e, t6 @0 q4 b; rYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
4 e6 D8 X5 z$ h1 X* {Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern- V) k* M8 M- D* r0 `. H" k: w; M; z
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available2 f& A4 o; l3 ~# g( P4 W& ]6 e
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
0 [8 @! B; u! c3 L2 R3 ?( ^$ R2 RDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
9 O1 D# @- N9 s$ `0 ~John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
' o; h/ c! F3 h. j. e5 {/ x3 f) Va great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).# ?0 s: ]! s5 }2 \( b6 u
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to- Z( c# ^8 c4 {
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of- R+ Q5 c, I5 Y3 z
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed: @& a. f9 a1 u. T; p& ]
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as& P5 @- c$ m5 _6 s. ^7 z' `
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on" O, Y2 H4 G$ {( N5 d
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-1 V6 {6 k# e! U+ U6 h% M. v/ A5 b
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
- ^9 |! S9 }. w$ K3 ~0 aworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,7 K7 e2 D. j8 c1 u/ D' Q! m7 X6 ?
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
) U: _$ I$ s, Q" [3 DNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
6 H3 C, j' u6 K8 Qto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
5 r; R2 g9 y6 z" Iwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
8 x) m' o- Z9 s& y3 }& xrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,% c+ n, q0 L, r% O% ]
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western4 B# D8 A* J5 j$ ^- S) P) n k! _
books that made him the most productive one among the0 J8 N& t' Q" ]9 \, d2 C5 g
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,) X) j) w4 w' [+ D! D
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
9 J0 l$ ]) D& K. K, c% enoble work which could help accelerate the process of3 g; u% I% V* W4 f- k
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
L" y9 s7 U" S9 hIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer5 D# @# a, [* t- e
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
$ V/ z( a7 H+ |5 ?9 i2 w4 c2 iscience and the standardization of translated scientific
7 _3 ^8 Z, p: @; C: N3 P) Iterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific* M4 W& o/ N }# |$ b0 F! N
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
* ~. P+ a4 r6 l/ q4 _5 \establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
: e- t$ L( K, [( O+ hcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series2 J" L x8 n7 j
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
; F$ m1 }# O0 y3 ?! x5 ~* Y0 eModern China.. Q2 V, t- S, q& T" r5 p
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
( |+ s( f, ?3 W' L9 _1 M9 iThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
5 p$ z* e& S! b1 atravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing7 k( |! e2 F9 s# e, x" Q
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In1 X) U1 R1 [; G. [! W+ l7 L7 d
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and" s- u1 J4 ]+ h4 c, H4 g, v; u
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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