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How to figure a home's fundamental value1 O4 l1 q7 t f" m4 p: ~
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.( Z! O, @9 a6 F, y# W- Y* }
# u* `6 g" E4 ]) R4 F/ J% ]Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed." i$ t, J0 Z4 {! L' X6 l. L
% \" k( Y" ?6 n! NLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.% q. N; ^5 M. m0 C' d9 \! o f1 ~
0 i& g) o4 n! o+ t, n; r. r4 nSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.6 u# S+ A4 K' I* o' t w
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
; x! A1 [7 k7 eNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.3 p* R* {) [* w# L; R
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. ' R; B% s5 v% i7 ^# {
6 d. a3 h1 n1 h8 \1 y- {If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.+ z% U# T# ]" T6 W! }+ K
" n" X) d4 B+ S# zIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.% R, \1 F w) O; z1 C& P: i2 f
1 G5 R9 `( E0 r) u8 q+ K+ R Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
3 H0 i7 _. i' m9 g; u6 K Avg. 1988-2000 2001
5 A3 Y# E1 y& g0 ^6 o$ i1 k/ BBoston 20.5 30.2
* {+ t9 V, Y& O8 w/ h( o. G: ~San Diego 22.8 29.7
3 l4 e7 p c% K5 k& iSan Francisco 23.8 27.2 5 x: p: a: r0 Z K8 `$ K( D; C
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 ) s# V% Q( j+ ]& v C6 D5 s" O8 \
Seattle 20.4 25 / }7 ~' g6 X) {6 l! c+ e( a
Denver 17.7 23.7
$ f1 K+ J5 t" C0 b. r% b. ]" TNew York 21.2 22.5
7 W( G0 w1 G+ R' \Chicago 17.2 20.8 6 v2 h9 V# m6 d) T2 p1 Y0 p
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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* i$ X! _4 v r8 K' h. ]It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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