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How to figure a home's fundamental value
; ^- w& i3 h+ F7 U1 {' @Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.. O) a0 Q& | i8 `3 B
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.! T. A1 I5 O% Q
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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3 | R5 i! K; [9 r& YIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
" k/ R' K9 [: S( h! a" iSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.7 a. O. G, J" r( ~# @- H3 W8 g: }
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988. H! t# N: u& D5 F8 Z% U
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. + V5 p5 s0 k$ V3 }- x& ^/ w
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.$ I4 ^/ ?, m l
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.7 w# O& }! g/ K' [$ p8 p* B
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2
, `" r& l# a5 N+ f( x' YSan Diego 22.8 29.7 0 g- F. s! p& V
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
7 N" `+ ~+ @ \" o0 A" A6 {; QLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 ' D1 R! n. O) b1 p# g8 b
Seattle 20.4 25 " v+ U( k0 m/ J
Denver 17.7 23.7
- A" K2 [+ y9 ]$ BNew York 21.2 22.5 ; y& a3 u( f1 m- L% k/ h
Chicago 17.2 20.8
6 l$ l. H5 U- H! y: QWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 4 q6 f8 X% ^* x5 y2 g2 q
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, `( W( d& t$ _ y" h" `: A4 @* uIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.$ g* y% c8 |% g8 D
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! t/ N. |) w% l1 G. z; AFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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