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How to figure a home's fundamental value
# k+ b3 F. E) I) L% FLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.: L! I& C; G% t7 U8 J7 D! p8 t* ?# `9 K
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.7 h$ G* ~4 @( |# h z) D2 ~
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:' `7 j3 E5 K! U J: T) O5 `
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.' R; \& u7 w! `7 y$ O3 i+ U
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
8 L1 M$ K/ `6 pSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.: W: O8 V- r% ^9 X% V6 f8 @$ E, \ Q7 }
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
" L+ e* V1 p& B9 d6 v. ^, ^" XYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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+ ?" V$ A3 P' J7 l' c9 iIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas , X# t* ?8 p: j) b
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
) \ u b" u2 W- Y5 S% |Boston 20.5 30.2
" h0 I8 q6 B. {! mSan Diego 22.8 29.7 % Q& G( c0 X9 _% X1 G6 s
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
, C, z3 R+ ^% e* v+ m# Z8 D6 ZLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
+ ^( Z0 G$ G5 g$ z8 I( y' BSeattle 20.4 25
7 W8 u0 W/ F$ b tDenver 17.7 23.7 ( @( O' \! d! s2 [. N h# l9 X' H
New York 21.2 22.5 3 q/ X/ [5 R1 k' Y4 ]% R
Chicago 17.2 20.8
0 j! f/ `: W; ^3 MWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 * Y7 I( W5 Q" g: l$ |
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% Z* D, }3 a6 Z# K) F# G0 m+ QIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.7 ]! r( @# ^. \( P2 ?
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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