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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语; e# c8 }2 m2 Q& P8 o0 i
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯# D; R1 T6 Q" }
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
4 y5 h' U* w, v. g若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!, r, N  w/ I6 e! @* [5 o
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(1) empty suit:
) e: \: o) ~% _, u指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。; G  H' r3 l2 o: O3 t
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
2 g% [. P# l, [( y! r8 s2 ?例如:8 a  h# n# Q" ?/ ^( h# @! H
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
9 C8 P# z, n& Q2 B# X. D; c(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
* a6 C, J5 V# z$ z1 wMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit./ h# E3 o# h. O2 Y6 E$ x
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)6 n4 C" v6 `( }* O
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:) S& Q0 Z! s5 }6 w& m" q
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
; J& q$ v3 x/ x/ a$ S' x(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
' [3 o+ Q2 M/ ?1 B(2) fair-haired boy:1 }" Y4 Y- b1 m6 U; I6 x; R
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)6 h; \0 r1 s! I' t. u  Q+ e( I! I
(通常用单数,当名词用)2 A* G  Z  a" i* f. r* U
例如:% h6 l6 k: b- }$ f. l( K
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.* U8 `  V/ c( V  U) M
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)" y, ?9 x, V+ P" n
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.0 l$ _$ D) c9 d4 ~
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
* `$ E; F8 W# Z  }6 @有时也可用复数:
  ^! d* @3 \8 cMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.4 y0 P( O% a2 [( W" H) @
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
; v( V/ J# L8 s' N7 wFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.- \7 I0 y! K1 k6 g" n
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。), Y$ ^- u, e1 A; n0 v; U, ^" F
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
" G, y8 w4 N& ?' o+ l# ~' z6 a4 M- d9 I(3) fishing expedition:& J, G- f& Y. E, x
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
2 ^( ^6 H. \2 g6 e% M(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)2 n. s+ E9 `% z; u* I3 G2 \! N" @
例如:0 [7 e. f; r7 z5 Q
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.' H* z5 E* ~; h4 `9 I: P5 I
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)' M" f+ k' m9 u6 a9 Z
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.0 k6 P3 f' G( j( ]1 ~  c: K% y6 _0 k/ c
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
/ w: s& L2 Y- e/ ?(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
( _- m! {' D) ~/ A; z8 H7 s* UThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.5 h5 F7 H7 R7 I* R
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
$ |, }0 z9 ?* x% S4 l' k  ?( W偶尔也有人用复数:
3 Q+ W& ]: E" i' i" g$ \Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
9 ?9 Q$ N4 z8 f, Q7 h9 K' D9 {(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)3 W0 J8 g/ N6 a% c$ Y' m- D6 j
(4) filthy rich:
; e! ]& X$ R! J  w意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
& z  l5 B3 x3 t. g- X2 }(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)1 P2 w- D  e6 f6 [2 s: ?5 T9 ^
多半当形容词用。例如:5 G8 j7 \* ^+ D7 a
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.( `8 L. t& Y/ ]8 O! q
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
3 ?! e$ j' t6 jDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
  D3 T- f* o7 b! w. y# _2 c4 {(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)1 s1 E1 `- B- N9 O! f9 y
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.( d  }4 Z" U( }3 |
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
7 n3 r, t1 w* z: lFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.  [+ I6 F) k! |* E) k
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)8 w! p  _+ K" n! z( [4 Z* ^
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
0 N! H$ ^" b  k4 n(5) fairy godmother:* ?7 n# ], D$ q3 M& t
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
2 b4 c$ u) p( i(多半指有钱的女人)
9 ]! v( u9 \7 W& f(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:1 y( e, W8 Y: e# K8 b; E' @
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.) \2 \; q4 s/ E3 N9 E$ R
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
% p# C$ u: W; `5 ?9 @3 g% KAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.7 k- E* w. s. N& Q, J
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
- f& b1 l9 A7 T$ ?; E# {有时也用复数:
* Y* F  d( q8 `# e9 `3 e- s' R* ?Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
/ Y4 b; s" d3 }  v3 j3 o(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)6 `8 \( F( ?/ `8 X+ J7 |7 y
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.7 `' z8 W2 R8 G4 n1 a" M2 p
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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  `- B: M# v0 t$ @& V6)eye opener:$ m  o, p/ ~6 y. }, v2 {! e
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)3 E1 K& j6 x" S6 P, d& J& S
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
- p1 K- t7 n8 f# \( }! l  ]' X例如:* H0 g9 E1 F8 C
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
3 I- q; Y1 S/ b& E8 v(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
' ~+ x1 H5 @% a; m" IMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.+ s2 z! M: ?+ s7 C4 f3 [; i
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
! k& N1 @4 t# r8 P$ t0 ?, ?The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants., ^; a( z* d* s: `# E
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)) D  {$ b8 }0 s
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
' }, r2 t4 {3 y0 X# d(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)7 A4 w1 X1 ?; j  l; d9 ?+ D
(7) hot dog:/ j, |, b0 s% R) e% x0 c- [. k" a
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)* y( x% f  f( ?
例如:
! ]6 H" R8 d. H& i& {Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.5 J, V- N; H: S& o2 i
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)+ j( N2 A, d! ?( @1 A
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
1 w3 z4 M2 ~* _. U/ ]& P9 hIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.* O7 v9 G: V$ F  y
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
% I$ l% R; g/ J, h(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
$ f2 O6 }2 S9 K8 UDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
! C  {% L- V. g4 H" X(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
; Q, J3 {/ r8 H& Q9 c% K也指真正的热狗食物:. a' y  Q+ t% \  L8 M9 N
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.$ i" n( ~4 w6 A
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。). b2 C" W& z" @+ i1 v' R2 E8 {" r
也可表达欣赏的心情:
1 x9 i  m5 Z- _' h4 yHot dog ! What great news for me.2 O' u# o# r& c, e, c+ l( s
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
. S5 v8 h" z9 ]; Z6 ~(8)eager beaver:' _, \- d! e% v6 M! t7 E" Z
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
+ m9 o9 _" [: u(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
: y. b2 r0 @% [(当名词用,可指男女)# L+ r+ M0 Q" X. l
例如:
7 }' ^$ k- z& XJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.3 r( Y! o* r3 M- B
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
2 b" ~! Y2 N% S$ v# P# `% RBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.) ^9 ?1 D% \; N2 J+ {
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
; L( h4 f: ?! m" w7 G% _+ qDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?# G! D* A; k/ E9 u+ P
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)" y) u3 B' O3 @# m) B
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
2 f  C5 i9 H6 o/ V% v2 L1 r# A(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
/ f9 k: p1 |# R2 L0 b(9)doubting Thomas:
! ?. {% G6 B+ {* c1 N3 n: A这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)& j& ~3 @3 R9 g
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
4 Q8 L/ a- I6 G+ _# c) L(当名词用)9 D) g5 ^8 u- u
例如:
( W/ s- E. h5 }9 {I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.2 t/ r6 l+ G8 b( b7 v0 f
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
" J+ S7 S8 j& W0 D* H  @& ?  C  wThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
3 H0 k' g7 S" e. x# ]1 A: O! w(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)4 S# M1 c% A* e* Q/ W
也可用复数:
/ s$ t1 v6 |: u( oMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
3 M; ]) f0 p7 Q6 q5 [(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
* j& p7 v  G+ QIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.; Y4 d) \5 w) }4 V" r- ]5 \8 o
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
' M7 k9 [" t* M4 S(10)dragon lady:
8 \. |$ L, Y: ~! d/ e指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
- S3 h: I- R4 ?! J例如:1 D" ?: G2 M0 n1 O; c( ]
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.% U- z9 M5 n1 @
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)8 u3 A2 [8 h8 Q/ [7 b( b* q) u7 j
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
' Z1 T( V( y, \, n2 a4 f(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
- Z0 X7 u3 }- Y& kShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?+ r# T& i5 i) j: v: i5 s  l; ~1 o
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)% W- X; ?& e4 y. f
也可用复数:0 |1 ?3 P2 x6 v* F/ l
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.$ F# [. H2 q' A9 s% Q- V: F& E0 I
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
4 {: T/ I: g* F, }( Z& V注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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