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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯  @8 Z7 i5 w' G5 Z1 V
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
4 X# w  A# H9 U8 c若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
  d4 y! k3 V$ }: }& E/ J/ B8 u( l& W! t6 D5 x8 c1 M+ k% M
(1) empty suit:! A  V' U% Y) @# t  c3 r( T
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
, q* T+ I' e$ c9 X# O; x(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
2 @5 q6 g* y& X6 d8 y0 N( y例如:
7 Z! w/ E- w1 f7 H$ [( r' k  jAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
& {% q  T! g8 c+ k0 Z9 F7 z  E(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
0 L& o! V8 I& v, D2 v/ \% o; U& tMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.+ X6 {# ^2 @& j& X1 p6 p
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
2 ?$ E6 c' M- \% h. F+ F虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:( b1 E$ k/ \/ T" F, j( b. f, c
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.2 t) y: [+ A6 L: n+ ^3 J6 B/ r
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)6 E1 k9 d! _) C. O. e
(2) fair-haired boy:
2 C  z8 T, E4 i! \指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
0 f8 z7 w( H8 A2 k8 ?; S/ y  @(通常用单数,当名词用)4 x2 R6 X: H" E5 X5 o" A, ~/ J8 G
例如:
) D+ t. A! o( g2 r9 f9 ~Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
1 l* Q6 S( J) |& Y1 x; B( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
( ~+ X! l: P8 ]Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions./ d' @3 s+ }  j
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
- H; K9 j4 i9 E( z3 e8 A$ d; u3 p有时也可用复数:
4 {) M: D: q' _Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
/ A4 l4 P- Z# y& W( s0 _. e(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)' B5 q7 N2 U( C9 Q
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.0 {5 Y  P% |4 ~0 M7 N
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
: G1 H: X4 v" a  E4 a6 v3 i; z(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)* `& R% ?5 Y9 t
(3) fishing expedition:. R" y) H8 U; ?
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
5 v+ P3 R: t# U9 v4 C7 F(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)6 X+ e5 I; M1 `2 j4 F# `
例如:5 y$ u. A2 U& L% m/ s. e8 @
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
7 D& ]; _+ k7 b8 H) ^3 P: Z, G(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)0 {; i3 @# q3 d" N
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
) H( J# ~2 S. }(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)2 W! z$ X- ?6 R
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
4 Q1 [1 l% ?' {3 DThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.( d$ j: C6 \. g2 {0 x! L; P
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
6 i" L4 k, I! w( q! _+ w偶尔也有人用复数:
. N) n9 e1 w# P1 v( V% B# oSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
! k1 a$ |% {4 V; p# ^(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)3 @6 h% g' O7 \7 [5 _4 \+ {' D+ ?
(4) filthy rich:
9 u$ M+ k! {: ?& D意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)8 T- m; X4 T; g  P* ?8 q
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
0 T% R$ M* }. Y3 @/ u多半当形容词用。例如:1 ~- U" i* O1 R4 ~3 a5 ?
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
2 i! z  ]' r( K$ l( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)# J6 {1 Y6 t/ ~7 o! _) v% v
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.1 s2 N1 t+ h; [8 |1 H5 z
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)8 p2 S1 v8 _' i& `
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
7 B2 _# @+ S( |1 K- Q3 d" B+ m(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)* w+ `& h7 B8 @
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.. F4 U( R* G8 Q5 T! g2 j
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)# s8 T$ ~$ D: M5 K  }
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)1 n8 L  x/ s' d6 B' B% K
(5) fairy godmother:) Y0 H; t9 `3 ~) E& ?1 y$ P( G
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)1 F$ A: ]8 T5 j) f, A, m
(多半指有钱的女人): R) |( X) }3 Y8 u+ q2 o
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:/ L$ C- v) C. _$ [
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
8 c5 M! k5 S6 B9 A: C(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)5 q. z, |) D6 Z1 |: l
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ E# J: a, S, \1 f- O7 x(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。); B0 ?4 F, E) Z( W5 I, u+ x
有时也用复数:
; [2 D+ U' \/ \0 X5 J4 k/ ZOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
% [) W! ?# L% T$ e(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。). q. m; U+ Q0 L. p6 c% @
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
4 J7 V8 l0 O; ^8 z(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)4 c! X0 m' T( V  S8 j+ N4 N( _6 ~
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6)eye opener:. G7 W- O" W$ {
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
1 E8 H( P- {6 |& g5 }& c(当名词用;通常只用单数)7 Y9 i6 p% @$ N2 \3 l( t2 S
例如:- j( w5 Q& p3 @8 c0 K# ~
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
  o- v, d8 r" u- Z/ k(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
: p& P' I! q8 AMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
/ `2 a: n' H" f; w% l(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
' _5 G& J/ i1 M, IThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
7 q: \/ F7 j5 [7 q. u4 g(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)6 `/ M. B3 R2 N" H7 @+ l, W$ m$ X
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.' B$ P, c3 a1 N4 H& F. b
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)6 c4 D" i* L: v5 a
(7) hot dog:
4 _6 q/ G- t: D, l/ }& ~5 x指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用): l2 T: K4 [7 C/ {, o# R  d
例如:
  i& f2 d8 N3 @. k2 H+ Y2 M& CSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
6 A1 G, |, [  B  g(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)! Y8 R- W: f  X4 ?9 m' t8 h0 R# z3 X
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
6 W: s) O( L- _. o9 J$ }In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.0 c/ z9 X' [# W! U3 t! y
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)1 j* n* N* }4 ?; X+ Z3 C
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
' B, R! Y: q; t( w5 p' y1 IDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.4 s0 W2 B. i. d7 \* V5 u4 N  |
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)5 @8 d; T7 H" v' U9 i+ _7 N2 @
也指真正的热狗食物:' [- i' Y. `2 Q
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
2 q" u9 Z# @8 ^: u(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)# E1 k2 I4 }+ a8 N
也可表达欣赏的心情:4 P3 x! d! ^" M% m3 e! c
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
" Q% I- A$ m8 S( ]8 H# A4 y( R+ a(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
* b+ [- i2 t/ ^( t/ [- ?: T; I" o(8)eager beaver:
/ d9 C3 }2 _5 f; F$ G6 m指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)9 M- `" I4 t, E8 ]0 |
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
  q1 U3 m) i2 L$ s(当名词用,可指男女)
! s7 H* D/ d5 o& L$ b例如:2 m/ I& N/ `3 l
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
; w3 i5 R  E- G& l. C+ a: ^+ M(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)+ ~" Y9 r) w9 v. ~0 q
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.4 j5 Y4 {. J9 d( X% r
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)! R9 {& o) D6 k/ [8 r3 U
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?  ~/ c0 S5 z9 f9 }  [: y, I! E
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)  d+ t+ f+ c7 N$ }% k
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations., X. K3 V" A0 ]
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)4 J6 |9 {9 J  \. U( X
(9)doubting Thomas:" e/ R8 J$ P* e5 b- V, A0 W
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
& p% j2 {" f! C. t& Y(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
0 y& e; p8 n, e/ d' M! x" n(当名词用)
, b: [  m, v/ w例如:4 P6 I) e  R/ x. M3 c+ Y
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.4 V7 U3 \5 f3 Y) Z6 A3 W6 K4 k! P
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。). K7 U+ X5 y. S: g9 e. Z
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
8 m9 b' F& l9 K5 v& U(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)  e/ f! J% S: T# b
也可用复数:+ m* y& F! ^; n4 V
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
, o* V. v/ T. \8 ?(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
" B5 t0 B, t6 U% `If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.0 c% j/ E( Y, _% R! x8 K$ E6 h
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
# t. i# G2 n6 X, c8 d! a(10)dragon lady:3 b3 j2 X+ M) }" c) Q8 F0 \
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
0 ~7 G% U4 [, G例如:
3 c" s2 [! g, d! b; y& W- l2 T% VThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.9 L& U$ z6 A) b9 f5 \
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
( d: O, x" b. X6 N2 j. U" SI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.9 [" I. }" r" e
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。). S5 [8 p8 n1 y
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
2 O  S- D' r% ~4 Q9 Q(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
( h4 Y8 I  c6 B. V$ P; X4 Y8 c也可用复数:2 X9 I$ F5 o# w
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.) U; i# N5 ^9 Y2 ~$ i2 j2 a  c
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)8 T" M- M7 x, z* G+ Y' L* n/ `
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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