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谈英语俚语! S2 V1 @0 `+ C& D
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- Y' v _( N* H在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯+ q/ a- q3 N, u) j# C- B2 R4 A1 i
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
! s% J0 t' |) D' o若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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1 F$ ]$ Q+ v$ b- \9 r a# N& y* N6 i(1) empty suit:8 Q. v8 j4 y) y2 @9 W
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。7 ~7 {: A1 ?6 Y+ s3 q! i: x3 m
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)+ I5 U$ P$ I& A/ L: E5 A2 d
例如:, _; }4 D1 _# f
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public." l* _7 u! {# l3 Y+ n: }0 ]
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)! i9 N _7 ~2 ?% w5 c D; r
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.6 G5 L0 h1 ^ |, n' B# r5 @
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。) u. N) \/ S! _. K2 a# l% Q) I
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
. [& P$ v8 W4 x. oThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
% x; Q6 g& b. C. @4 A(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)& ^) }8 H) i4 v N+ U
(2) fair-haired boy:
/ o2 q$ g- x+ h; N指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
5 q! k- Z% a, x8 V4 g(通常用单数,当名词用), n) |+ ~# o% w
例如:) n- R* k( ^/ U! R4 z( D& V4 m' _
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.# T, x0 N, P. `" I
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
, n9 ]; w8 d a+ D6 y0 G+ t+ @/ x( UNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
! F- b4 g& R* A% b; z& G: { d(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)+ E4 k' V$ j4 l
有时也可用复数:
- f" t% W4 _1 G' ~Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
( b5 _# K+ c0 p& G" l1 r; x) `; A(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
4 H4 C; U+ T) ~( D; E/ {* DFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.: U5 G. ~2 [9 i- T+ m0 X. {
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
* c5 F# B) t0 D, K(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
* }% I- [; y) J7 O8 H(3) fishing expedition:
" G% s' a Z8 R为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
1 x* K$ R* }2 U8 v2 Z( F/ f(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
7 t0 @+ X3 O, ]! K( V) ]7 ^. a例如:% ?6 G2 z4 q) b4 X) w
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.6 Q$ H5 \% v& I' n6 Q# }
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)- t" A! v1 @, j; a+ F
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
' c+ B7 K) Q8 \6 ~0 _) H8 Z(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
9 q9 V- c3 O4 X1 ]1 |(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)% i! ?7 ^$ ]( M% u2 e2 @+ h$ E
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.; \' a' O x6 W- c" o- S# o/ t- {: H
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
1 B+ z) j- {; i& ~& n$ x偶尔也有人用复数:3 }: ?$ y3 C" o* p; p$ x* I4 C3 A
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
/ Q5 ]) x! M# y: L(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。); R4 z/ ^% G' y& \) t# [# E! D
(4) filthy rich:+ B$ C: @: e3 }. N0 J" T' b
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
+ ~( n$ c4 h B! f(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
7 F _% j8 N, ~$ G多半当形容词用。例如:
1 j r3 e" M4 P7 AWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.1 m) |4 j* D( ?# N9 P6 ?# Y5 D* D
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)8 V7 f3 u; w" v
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.% L( L1 }0 Y* @! |, _* P+ R
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)9 y% c% \" P/ P- q. P
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.' }" C- t# ~5 Z" X+ {
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)9 x9 q9 W( J. s
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
# X/ p* w3 E3 P& j s(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
4 Y3 p/ _$ V6 @6 \' @% y(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)' z u# r* B, _# Y! @" ^- f: a
(5) fairy godmother:
8 c; ~% w% q+ _# b指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
! o4 c7 _# m' {# {. a; _7 a(多半指有钱的女人)
7 s {/ U) F1 h. i3 c! J(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如: f! E; k c, c6 s: @2 w6 D
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.) `, {/ e: Z3 d8 Y8 M
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
& U/ [. ]( Z! d9 ~6 Y2 tAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.8 W9 C3 j+ ~, t
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)9 }6 {% i1 O) @7 h# s
有时也用复数:* ]; f* Z, p9 x% B# j8 f
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
/ P% K& \; u# m(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
$ `$ a, r' P7 v+ w$ [% S6 l6 tIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
6 c7 Z. i" [. v1 r" S8 o(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:$ r- l; N$ U8 C& X
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)( |/ y2 R, D& o* y9 b+ K
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
8 b" A% `& V/ i8 I; p例如:5 K) o A3 q& D7 n
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.3 H( h4 q" r5 \; m! Y! M
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)' s3 B& S/ X2 s& G" b
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.% K8 h M5 d# W6 V
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)& }# L5 |! ?- N6 G3 u" S- j
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.( h4 }0 [) x$ m, a! h$ y
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
2 x; Z1 w3 y+ X6 ^! v8 ]" XSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
6 B0 q. ~6 \1 J; b6 p7 }(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
2 r/ C; H2 |8 J% e' g(7) hot dog:- c& F7 \1 n: p
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用). |8 p& ^; W% M3 h! g- ]( E6 [5 K
例如:
( q, g. y! i+ O5 }- ?: C. o/ LSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
2 Y" _1 F/ b( J" W& P(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。) d+ f) X" a6 ? m
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers) w7 y: K4 l! O! |; m, `! I' W
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
' f5 [- F9 G" j) ~8 ]: W% M6 M(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)" B' S$ x$ V$ q0 ~- n( v# K
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)9 F: d' L) f/ B. v* r, ~
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.4 R0 w }9 Z% G) {' J
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)$ a6 ^7 w; t) b4 u$ x! ^3 n4 g; e
也指真正的热狗食物:
: ? c5 R5 i: N" H V' b# A9 yThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.. L _2 E: ?" _8 }
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。); A" a u! {( T, U+ R$ _: R" s X- _
也可表达欣赏的心情:8 O; C% d c- i
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
+ B ]: s0 A( E(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
1 h5 ~ A4 G3 k+ S1 T& K2 A+ f6 \" q' C(8)eager beaver:9 B# s7 C& _3 v
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
# c: h4 o. K/ e8 `0 [ N- j* [(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)# A# C* s [; p8 c3 L2 V
(当名词用,可指男女)4 z0 d9 M! U4 R5 v, ^. L8 L1 S" |
例如:
& n' K: I" n5 U* i& |: X4 yJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.% p4 c1 j; w, |( e( T# P M
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
3 Y. m( J8 s% g, |5 mBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
G' J! z' }7 j1 ?(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
/ p) C* Y: n0 D8 l0 i& EDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?& H5 ~3 j6 l/ Q% n! n; U+ v# R& a
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
' L5 f. [: Y: ?5 AYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.0 r8 V7 o+ Y& O4 q7 Z/ E
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)% q# O& U4 O9 o+ ^' G
(9)doubting Thomas:
4 a) U& G! h, k这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
4 E, g0 V& g2 o% t) ~4 R3 K7 j(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活); a8 k* s0 r k" M3 U
(当名词用)- W$ ^+ ^5 |" @3 v# H, n! C0 G
例如:3 X$ b' b2 \0 \% Y
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.' E4 I; ` }# p9 |' W6 f& ]
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
2 D5 _0 f- }5 R LThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.* F, C+ O [3 b: R% H, r# W
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
& i9 m4 [0 v( _7 a: w/ r% F也可用复数:
3 I; Q; s- t8 C3 o" v! U' \My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.4 \! m W% d* J, h! U9 ]6 U$ S! C
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)5 l/ B. |# o4 l
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
! u) ?8 |5 [0 Z/ I(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)* m, u! Z0 M6 J+ J& A, i1 z
(10)dragon lady:
8 {( y0 Q7 y, G5 M# @! R' P3 e指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)2 x8 o1 ?& W7 y0 _* i+ W6 W) f
例如:9 V" T: c$ ]% d! R% d2 M& s( A: e
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.* e2 N2 D# l' T! B' r
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
# l7 `. ?/ n% }5 @" d' n0 FI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.+ [ ^, L. l+ |) v4 O( z: {3 d
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
. W, J; b; x8 {' b; B5 A VShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?1 O: j+ z5 r5 f. `, H' t
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
! {% Z) z8 v3 }+ J$ u% e也可用复数:. f, O2 ]7 w) A$ O# x
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.. l, A# j, z. Q2 O
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。). _7 o* \ ?4 y
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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