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谈英语俚语0 N; Q; `7 x5 t
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯7 f7 x# S: M& X9 d6 O
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
. d2 x. X7 o% V4 V& B若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!& o4 W: Q w- Q b" U6 ^
9 y: L! `1 }* a0 P(1) empty suit:: I1 J& U! V0 [* A( E' c+ N
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。. o& q6 e4 T, W
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
+ s0 e; m5 T" f/ D5 o: e! y! G0 R例如:9 h5 n" f# }* C) z& w( f, I' q
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.: ~% \/ l3 P0 E6 P( S1 y
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)% N* O; {! M7 z- o& D5 E6 ~+ Q& ^4 [7 ?
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
! h4 w) V5 q: ~. t) v3 D(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
. h' ^3 g! q0 o4 L2 ^: t虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
5 i( I. [; H L1 TThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.5 E5 X. ~" ~% L+ e! k* i
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
2 N+ ?' \5 _6 F U(2) fair-haired boy:& {( @; d2 o3 W( u0 A8 p
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)! m" c1 I$ r1 k/ d# o
(通常用单数,当名词用)1 q v$ O8 x$ k
例如:
# V6 D2 }/ c2 D3 ^& YMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.3 _5 C) [# ^5 w7 L1 o0 h5 p9 @3 _, d
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)) x& a7 h/ O" I8 }
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.2 C% V: l8 S' q7 Q( A2 }
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
3 e1 {9 ]' X) _( B9 ]3 O# g! e: E& f有时也可用复数:
* S t9 A8 W- F: y; p# tMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
+ N& U w" }8 r2 N(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
0 F" g5 }! Y2 @* K' `, _+ TFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
2 p( L& k0 a O) L9 i# i(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)# u# q2 Y# ]2 \# }
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)( y% Q6 y9 _; a% w6 X& L5 ^( ~
(3) fishing expedition:# G3 W4 b0 p$ h: K0 D
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
1 P L; O$ Y& G* q7 B3 i(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)1 A0 V: ^0 t0 f6 P
例如:
1 N2 ?, G' ^, `$ u3 sThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.$ v: e6 J; h1 `) C
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)1 G6 b' C) j, d/ ]3 [5 |
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.7 ^6 g$ z3 c( e: ^, w3 s
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
: C/ z* V w. Q9 U; f& ?4 K(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
# H0 E# y8 |6 E6 K$ G a% L( hThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.1 k( E2 x$ a3 Q/ Z8 B0 c
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)7 Z2 M7 c' j7 U6 x0 m
偶尔也有人用复数: @ o+ B9 `3 y6 ?
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.# {: d2 p+ e3 N: y
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
F7 S% Z& Y0 `. t1 [- q" E(4) filthy rich:
! U7 \, s5 v. S意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
" i3 `6 o; y7 P5 H1 c1 a(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
1 D$ u$ f$ ~6 w/ W- p多半当形容词用。例如:
' q- k& q* C' JWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.1 i# ?' o. j& Y: b; p0 a9 i2 u6 W7 k
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)) |; M1 ~3 G1 s) [3 B g- M( r
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
) G; z' m) G3 w7 n(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)1 J. | a5 J7 W
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.) p+ i$ Z! C& b6 [, D* V7 p* N6 ^
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
8 s/ S. m7 {, J6 {; fFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.% s4 h) ~9 \# X0 I; ]
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
! h2 ] g: c$ y: M; I(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)- P' j& @7 t: U7 |7 r
(5) fairy godmother:8 w9 Y: J) K9 I
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)- M, p1 ^9 K6 N; C% H2 Z: d+ B5 d
(多半指有钱的女人)
, z4 F8 |" C, J9 A/ X& J( M(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
" D. t9 F4 j/ y; MMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.. A$ r# h4 D6 K) s% F! ~" B
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)0 {( j, W2 Z& G+ k: ~* Y
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
% C7 T7 y( ^9 Q. ] L4 k(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)% v# n* e* n% A; Y
有时也用复数:3 x' C. Z. U5 P3 _
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
5 U# y: U0 _" r0 `# V# } s' ?(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)3 c9 O4 ~) g. v! s0 J: Q
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
2 f+ {/ I) Z* f$ G- E; S9 c1 A' s- V(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)1 e- b6 d/ d' M) p
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4 B1 O: h9 w( E6)eye opener:6 J# J+ n" H) S$ ~) M$ |4 Z
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
0 Q# m& @3 e% Z' h(当名词用;通常只用单数) [$ G, n' K1 z6 b
例如:
) [2 v) @ Z0 R# _+ _5 y0 m }Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
@! w3 z* A1 Y. |+ B) ~0 K$ w! p. q(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)# l1 _* P) g7 P3 O, g& M
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
1 Z# U: C3 N& ?2 {& B& Z( I(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
; }" ?; [# L- P+ u2 ~The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
: d( Y% K' _1 b0 t(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。), l+ n$ ~8 v% A; Y6 ?
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.$ y9 ]1 x2 T- @
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
/ y5 R8 F$ J) k; {2 v- N& P(7) hot dog:% v& B- @* p7 A/ C
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
! V$ G* N/ h( p a7 F+ D- b* @) s例如:2 E p" k! Q0 u! a/ x0 M& z0 g3 D
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
! b: U; Q( s( r4 _! z(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
0 j# Z* O- d( k' T(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)' v. `. D/ n5 s$ ?/ S @5 m4 A
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
! @; }8 s- }, U; i0 D7 r. P(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)+ h# |6 @. o# H' ]( z% \' d
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging). v* z+ [7 u- F# m7 u& m& f& L$ x
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.9 {* M" J7 L7 Q R; H# e
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。), @8 V' b5 n2 R& v! A
也指真正的热狗食物:2 Z2 x7 P, a: R+ z( |+ y
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
& C8 L' o$ h/ ^5 [4 ?' R' X(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)" M& W! l: D3 n; l
也可表达欣赏的心情:
' f6 ^0 `$ A" r; H6 HHot dog ! What great news for me.9 S8 j0 d3 b2 R0 B4 c
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
& ^7 N: m. g: I r(8)eager beaver:
& o1 P9 `6 `- @. Q+ E1 P指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)4 R) F y- T' ]$ b; i* N
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)# Z4 D5 Y" q4 V0 T2 ^* _
(当名词用,可指男女)
4 a& C m/ j' E* x6 J8 B例如:4 D! G1 e* F8 k" E' `
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.5 C6 T6 M" c2 o
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)$ ]- f H6 O/ N7 s4 [6 h! m
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
8 l8 L: k& z+ @) q' u% E(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
9 \, M' v/ `% ODoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
' f$ Q+ w8 ]! ~(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
, \$ f" l, |) cYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.- J2 a2 f @" t4 g4 X1 j
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)1 n& R$ j2 }4 F
(9)doubting Thomas:
6 ]5 y3 p# ?7 X' [5 m- K这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)) \9 F! Q D) x; h
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
) i# J1 S2 z/ j. ]( [(当名词用)! O' A& q- ^* j$ @7 \1 |$ E
例如:
+ t! @! J8 O2 J i. g- jI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
! Y3 c4 W/ J. U9 @(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)1 }+ U" n1 B4 R) x$ G* r
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.9 q. l0 C& Z6 ^9 \
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)" S4 V3 C! X$ Q7 Z; y
也可用复数:
* N0 X6 F" n, l$ YMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.2 f d2 s, v, ^% b1 G' e( U5 f
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)1 P; Z" F8 i/ N8 k3 u
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.% d1 D$ s' M( k1 `6 }( ^2 R
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)& P* L% o: v7 F4 \( I
(10)dragon lady:$ O' m3 p9 d& o- O! _
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)- C$ I& m5 w# O; }4 u, P
例如:
8 V/ k6 C+ p% _9 V3 MThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.8 C1 N# o i+ Q* [
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
0 P0 j8 N: K' yI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
$ U9 w6 Y5 d' Y _/ F, E, [2 _ i! F(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
- g) k0 n6 v8 S8 W _Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?: j* p% r# o# `4 W: [5 N5 _1 P
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)& t! _8 V+ I/ S& T; i' `
也可用复数:5 C2 y! P& c- w) a" n
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
& h3 V7 H7 `# ~+ @(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
' y |$ u) a! t( L! f注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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