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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语* ^, T3 i0 M' h2 H( [

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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
7 w0 J% ~. ?; j- \7 ?, G. q+ F之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。5 @7 R7 c3 e' B7 T# @
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!- |  W) d3 f% T! ?1 o; c
. X/ g' ?& y! v+ J" A3 o4 k
(1) empty suit:
5 o4 e" {( @( g, R7 z! t指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
) D3 F. q  e) n(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
1 W" T( n( T- }- H  h. Y5 G5 O例如:$ O: {, s" z' a. [- X
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.0 ~0 N: ]9 Q6 t& Q  w
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
0 \* R; \& @! B. G  r) [Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.4 Y- c/ O8 l- o, i. G; ]5 l
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)8 F' w( w& `; r
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:% i6 I# D* Y# Q6 E; G' k
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.% P. O) f! j( k3 u1 A
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)  K& d  M' x  z  }' u9 p- {, l
(2) fair-haired boy:5 B' V1 w7 D/ _$ d/ A
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)6 w; d% v1 q4 r9 N
(通常用单数,当名词用)
+ o! i- d2 h: K9 ]例如:
/ }4 w3 O/ O% I! SMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
( u3 Z  k% D2 r# V$ I: J8 L5 B( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)" R  s, q2 s: J# c+ ^; r- N
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.. y& N! F! u, h. s  ]
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)+ f* b# ?' o# X( u7 t* k! X
有时也可用复数:0 c6 V4 g% p( v5 H) s; A
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
/ u( g: `4 W" u! {  o(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)4 b& e3 [6 s5 C7 n; t+ C
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
# {. p) R' ~/ ^(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。). e& V) L! M) P8 W( N- `
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)+ t/ S/ H% p+ G
(3) fishing expedition:
8 j# N* X. P1 x: D: F为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
  \$ u# j# [1 e& N# m2 E1 `4 {% H(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)2 a4 d( L# r5 X% g* u0 J4 F
例如:
" U, I+ F( p, UThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
, D6 i8 ~) A7 |(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
; p- }% I+ ]0 VThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
' i9 N, q2 q0 A+ I0 Z1 P(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)' z! Z6 b% W5 j/ ]
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
- j6 B: v0 S" ?( E( T6 m6 nThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.+ |2 {5 R: @2 I- l* T6 u& E; [5 I
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)0 _) j4 Q. L) }8 l
偶尔也有人用复数:
+ ]6 K7 f7 q% M' PSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
1 u9 `6 o- m' n(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)& W1 K& g/ ^4 C9 a* j/ K( t+ R
(4) filthy rich:2 ?5 b+ Z8 @& s4 h, l
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
( G7 }  h- M. \8 o(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)8 Z. u. g5 Y. N8 {' d
多半当形容词用。例如:0 T( J8 g) r7 q" a
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
5 f8 B0 z# P+ u: j3 M/ s7 |( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
4 \' M9 o; R0 w8 M4 g( CDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
6 j; f, m+ {) X  X- Q2 j6 a(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)8 Q% o/ `1 j5 m: ~2 J. y, i6 I
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.: K7 K9 W" z8 ]
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)( U) x5 K9 t, c/ D/ m1 `8 F
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.! T0 R. M. m! }
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
1 u3 f& o5 @% ]/ f) r4 b$ @! E(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
# t3 j. g; G$ S: x- T) t3 s$ \(5) fairy godmother:
6 Q) T, g$ @" }: ]: L& b" ^2 x# ~指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)! \% y% A- ~! F5 |  k7 e1 X
(多半指有钱的女人)
8 }- t, T& G+ e! p& Q; e* C  o(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:$ T4 b9 k' n2 j) O/ ]; r4 J
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.- h1 }9 f3 s4 j( @1 ?) z9 l7 }! A7 I
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)4 L$ v& v$ Y$ }( b% s4 r* Q
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
- F3 ]1 S- h+ J+ a8 v1 e$ x$ E/ m(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
3 L. H9 d3 j8 S; ]' T有时也用复数:
! r! O2 x) z% d, g& _Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.- E3 y6 T7 p- |7 s* L9 h
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 ~, `0 v" Y+ `) C$ XIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
* s9 Z8 C( z6 R2 `(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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$ o' Q% k% Z, c7 p. y* x$ F, g9 V8 J+ i6)eye opener:
+ f( B# G" k$ L指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion); ~& A; d2 }8 O4 Z2 _
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
9 ^+ R8 f- T/ v7 _; ~例如:
3 g" w  m" x. T. ?" a5 k/ SYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
4 y7 C6 M# b0 F- H# l# z(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
' G5 O# z* o  ~0 wMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.4 h/ Y: S, c, q2 G$ c
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)0 f! i3 u) P. J6 d  |1 e
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.' T  D- ~% s- J0 ~! u
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)1 R" c3 U5 L0 b8 j
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
8 Z( t$ D9 B  O( v. I' J(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
3 {) q( b  f7 _3 u( o0 A(7) hot dog:7 ?( t. e% L& I# s
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)7 M: e( n( \; c1 c
例如:
/ V2 `# p6 [, s( R$ ?4 o* {Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
/ Q" \# t- p1 s1 B(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)' W$ N8 N7 j# O) E# k8 @( \  R
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers). p; v' c6 m1 W7 ^. r  |2 A
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.1 ~2 E! F- Z2 b
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。), n$ }* L4 b; \+ p8 y, F/ e
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)' s# K  {# K7 y7 ~- j
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.( \1 k8 O9 W  T* o6 v. e1 E- D6 z; i
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。), n$ @' C& o) H7 C) b
也指真正的热狗食物:
; m; P' w/ ~/ EThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
7 @0 m" f% O# M5 b  {(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
/ `4 q& Q) e( _' p  U" r也可表达欣赏的心情:
8 |5 @% n9 ^$ l% A7 G; @" ^Hot dog ! What great news for me.# I* c3 R- E; `! r1 ~3 J% W; I) N
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)4 U; g! {# T) [2 ~) l6 x, S+ @
(8)eager beaver:: e: f5 v+ G7 L: S
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
' o, d+ _3 f% Y& ](这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
% d) z3 y+ i- I) v" O9 V3 _(当名词用,可指男女)
4 \. ], u8 M# s/ _例如:
' U' }! p: n1 Y5 D' aJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.$ `, F, o6 r6 w; X
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)- N) V7 m5 ^+ F6 C) _5 W
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.2 C4 R2 c4 \/ U% I. q
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
0 X* `& @4 G: J' CDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?. W# ^: N$ p: {3 y8 Q9 R7 q
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
3 ]. ^* n1 k) Q7 {. E# |' P! rYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.' m' @! X7 {. k) w3 W0 s* ]$ x7 h
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
! R4 y6 E% ]3 x; c- c- k(9)doubting Thomas:  j% F* x3 P) w/ g5 b8 K# i
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
$ t2 L7 P+ I. G  p5 p+ ?(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
# H9 s9 l$ ^, W(当名词用)% a1 b  C4 A& [! y
例如:
! R5 z8 y5 p; c6 `; ?I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.1 b( X+ s) A# d9 M/ ~' f: x
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
  h# w  ~3 g. L, Z) ]  V( F& eThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.* m! q: K  ?- F3 H
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
- A' k  h, s; \1 Y( D" ]也可用复数:
9 ]. v# t& x2 f) r/ KMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.$ k0 G# F2 p7 O4 f! T
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)7 o! ^4 v  k$ D
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another." A' k) `+ {2 K( f
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
7 [1 H$ Z5 c4 k(10)dragon lady:
- B5 f8 r( q$ A% |) k! l3 \' ~# C指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)1 G" e+ A7 ]9 V) L
例如:
7 \' a; w: g* yThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
  V  H3 F+ L) z(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。): n, ?9 U4 G6 X7 ?: s8 x
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
& o4 ?: }! z( Q7 e, p9 S8 ^(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)& l7 b  G# M* ~* Z7 G
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
9 n% ~3 J6 p. D) K(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
1 f, r* y( k4 ]" D" r5 a也可用复数:
/ L) T# x4 e9 s  V0 ~" ]+ [  IThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.3 X$ D8 G# U1 b& V
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)- P& J) Y) C: a0 q$ z, i% a
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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