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谈英语俚语0 C5 }2 V. h" J! u) K0 w' O5 h) M
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
9 d7 R$ h) g2 X% S) H之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
- u4 g1 q2 \, \若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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% [2 I% C; f3 F( c, l(1) empty suit:& M3 Q4 Q! J! ~9 b4 E* g( l$ X& U
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
, n/ k0 {# S8 p: R/ Y(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)4 e/ o% o' ^ q9 z/ D( e: G
例如:
/ O5 q! f. V% E2 e8 Y4 f2 T' }An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
: k4 O, S* J; [* t( u(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
5 K: |/ ]6 o* ?; d6 ?! oMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.; E* o# p; p6 y
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)4 l1 s9 E% H+ f9 e( a/ A; p
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:. {# F" h! K- E3 c; v
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.) Y c8 a1 v6 \1 I9 a) p
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
! ^9 C3 a* t+ c7 h, S# D# F(2) fair-haired boy:
% U, p! F/ n5 d% B6 s2 I6 w) G1 i指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
, s4 `* |9 H" A) F4 y& M: q! T(通常用单数,当名词用)
! u2 {7 A- r' b4 A3 C例如:$ n) Q7 s/ B3 ?$ _4 e3 _
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
4 Y& _9 u, y0 G) m( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
) n; x# N0 [+ Z& j4 _Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions., }" p; R# A* _1 E0 S- s
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
# R0 a! T* U2 r: Q- F6 f有时也可用复数:! E3 G' H$ T0 F% y9 ~
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.% E2 S$ m# x5 i4 J+ O1 N/ |
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)9 z5 T/ s) L# w" G0 G
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
( i1 i) c- J2 ^; J, | Q# r(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。). i' Q2 d0 e }$ a
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法), V v6 M! [. s
(3) fishing expedition:
$ _2 ?$ N6 o5 C m% @# L1 o为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information): Q$ o+ f) j, I+ G: p
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数). e# h4 T4 V( @6 k. J
例如:
& ?+ J |, y1 K/ o' FThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.7 k( F2 E; W/ G8 u$ G
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
* J7 y5 [- a3 r8 `The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.5 @4 C: n2 r$ K4 Y
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)7 F1 M# j- ~# C2 d6 q
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)# s$ c' j& z* n- D
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War. A, Q3 P; u# H' a+ ^
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。) Y* c ^1 \% @5 @" ~- _3 g
偶尔也有人用复数:
! \1 z p: @/ e( t- J9 ~Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office. L% r! U% `/ [5 Y4 v4 k; S s
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
0 B: ~& U: E) Z! z d: @& K(4) filthy rich:
3 X, V+ g' u& \ V! i: c& A4 R意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)+ F) M8 P. J+ U# K
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
6 L4 x! |) p+ L, _$ `7 x+ m* g; M多半当形容词用。例如:
- {, n- A/ ~- ?1 O* M NWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
$ R) D/ b0 B) C5 ^( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
! I0 b% s& R; L) d4 H; N+ y6 }! [Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
A+ S% _( ~9 x6 b& x% s(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
7 w Q% D# z' AA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.8 `2 I& g* |1 H. e1 D- q6 M
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
/ p: b/ y; p+ K. j7 eFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.3 K0 w( c; H$ m! s- g4 }9 s
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)+ j- J5 s4 y" B: t# B
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
. X* p9 @" ~' E(5) fairy godmother:
8 Q; [. J4 R8 p# e指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
/ b$ C& n1 |! C7 e5 M(多半指有钱的女人)
7 S7 n3 n. q7 }1 W$ B(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:9 m( q; G; c% ]) a9 q& ^: u, ?
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
8 X q6 ~2 b5 a' l(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。) i" `# Y9 z! j* h, {3 Y0 r
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.6 _& |$ ]+ g$ X% k
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
, Q# t; o) z' E; m9 Y有时也用复数:
8 o4 D4 I4 m# Q8 Q9 ^, AOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.9 a$ p' Z8 S0 C/ g3 [- O
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。): N1 A/ ~, ?2 {$ l
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.( z$ E; r; M& x6 h8 z9 C6 }
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。) ~; z& [1 Y& t6 D& L: i
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+ }% `# N3 g3 k; N1 ?* t6)eye opener:
# `, m. p1 v6 \8 n: z指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)7 { G% T, M( ^. ~2 Y1 Z2 u
(当名词用;通常只用单数): O5 [/ u2 r2 U3 @- e1 Y( P u
例如:3 j9 b4 n+ b" L% D
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters. t5 o& w( D- o# s" o! L
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
5 X7 o/ B6 ^8 [( b9 qMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.' Z" S2 o9 a) j! M8 v* I4 ~3 ~
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
, c% r" r9 y$ \The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants./ b. T8 P% F/ p6 B1 R' z d
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)# ^3 f8 j8 i! s) H
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
+ L- U6 q/ K# d. T. `(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)& a# X$ v1 l7 y
(7) hot dog:6 u" P4 @, R8 X0 @5 x. H
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
) f6 k6 a0 ]7 I( L7 ?例如:5 s; q' o+ h0 q) W% d
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.+ _: k: ~& |5 \. _' j# `/ x
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)+ q& Y2 h2 [0 |) S
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
5 [, h; ]# m8 M5 zIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.: C) o3 T7 I5 ^8 E8 f
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
8 f" g- K/ z, N: h(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
+ Q/ p& s: Q7 }$ e3 HDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
' z3 v/ x. C8 k( {" B8 y(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)' F2 D# P+ W3 I& H8 ]
也指真正的热狗食物:
' X( @) r$ C. X0 |The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
8 V6 G8 j. b# g5 a% N1 F1 e(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
& e4 p, E2 K% D: {4 o也可表达欣赏的心情:
) D. \0 t% ]7 a1 V- b; _Hot dog ! What great news for me.8 m3 v6 ~% H/ M- C$ P5 C
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
& J& d2 m0 z' R4 {(8)eager beaver:
& w& Q/ c# t" h ^5 ^% a2 |% G6 t8 ~指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)5 K! a9 G* k0 f \
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
- \2 V& d; i8 b! u9 u+ A5 f+ F(当名词用,可指男女): U" I4 m; m" ]) M6 P
例如:/ n- ~4 s. |/ i: \: F" a- C0 u
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
& j& g: T" [* Z: D(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
7 D% g9 B& c4 `+ I' N+ V: l2 t O+ gBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.6 R- G+ ~/ Y; ?) Z' O5 x9 U5 j
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
0 Z; S9 d6 h3 ]Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?% p4 b& ~. z/ T9 W1 x' C) l
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
: @: |8 o+ `8 J2 h" XYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
3 e6 [8 M" v- N2 x(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
- C! \$ {/ H% x& p(9)doubting Thomas:# Z7 L% h5 c8 M9 m% X H5 _! w
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
* D }8 s4 G. z1 e$ ?$ I3 |(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
6 F; T+ X1 W' P(当名词用); a$ ]! d9 Y% D! A% a2 @5 |) V4 X5 P
例如:
4 H0 u( ]9 m! Q# v6 fI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
+ W1 I7 R' J8 J, `, K2 [9 `* S(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
% e# X! v1 L7 P- A2 V4 {There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.; j" u; @" z/ F, b9 {$ Y
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
- o6 q. p8 `" w9 _7 f6 Y也可用复数:
0 D) S/ K, T& M" uMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.9 `1 N# L( x* c3 }8 T
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)6 n$ F# q, B, X
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
# I2 Z; J- K& f) `: s(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)% G7 W2 w' t: X. G9 i
(10)dragon lady:
! X) e- ]: q- U+ ?' C指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)- H* [- U- @& V$ I) R1 C
例如:
/ x n3 I" E- _2 FThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
3 W" k7 q: o) B- t(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
- w5 b& \ E7 x! ^$ JI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
1 h. J8 {% P$ `(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)0 I6 P. Y9 ], ~# @
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
' R7 G X/ z- r# n(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)6 M3 A `1 |( r% i+ U6 n4 y
也可用复数:& B+ _) o7 [5 _! ]$ p) ?) n3 M
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.. Y2 e! c" l" H- C$ N* `" p7 V
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
1 K! v! |; T; k1 _7 v0 C注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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