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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语! ?# u7 V* E) F- |, w. b& A
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
* \/ s( K# c5 u' _; l% Q之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
! `: p) e* l6 L+ H1 W) R4 I& T若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!  Q' Y1 i9 e* L) B! C

; \, z  Q! \% r+ f) |, H& P6 [(1) empty suit:  T! d$ `$ _! @/ ~4 ^) X% W
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。  o" J1 r# J3 q7 X
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
0 m0 b& F, l- Z. B6 K( A9 a( \& J; J例如:
* p3 W! X9 M% `5 wAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
/ J$ e1 E. w( ~5 W(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)  n; C/ J  D! z! j9 @
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit., {; O0 @: e7 F
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
7 B0 }+ N9 @& z8 f8 @虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:$ \2 n/ i; J7 d  ?
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.) `# q0 |8 Q; ]2 z; T
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
. M7 P6 j" A) Q* e+ D3 j(2) fair-haired boy:
1 ^% i  z' E3 m! t1 o# W5 |指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)$ c: d/ M' `' E
(通常用单数,当名词用)) s9 u0 y$ h1 c
例如:
& v& t3 N. ^$ J  DMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
1 [# m2 S8 J& ?. \1 p. i" ?( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)# w* o+ j: p$ k* A5 b
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.- U- a1 E+ M4 \/ D* a) h1 y
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
' S3 S6 I4 Q+ e! C: ]有时也可用复数:
" R! ?" ]; B# S9 b; MMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
, b% `* w9 T) [0 a6 w* s0 X(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)" c- o3 N9 w; O; Y8 A  M
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
, `2 v" T& Q: H5 F- Z(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
" k, ~+ L; _. j2 e(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)# K% I% |* P/ E" a4 t: R6 A( f8 \
(3) fishing expedition:
- Q# S9 W! ^' o* C) e5 z为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
" _2 P  m+ O/ r" }0 M(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)$ ~  B9 h, D; J
例如:
& H$ i+ M+ L7 _# {1 o% x8 f* GThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
. }# x3 n! y5 F) K8 C7 `; t' I  {(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)2 g: D7 U: J! y4 ~5 G- P, V
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.- B1 ?0 E$ p& B& d& T# k5 L& x
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
4 W( x, f5 |* [2 i; f% E2 j(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
( {! x$ d; @9 ~- L9 P. pThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.4 W& K0 a% H8 D2 N" g
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
  g' A9 c5 z4 t# m# |+ G偶尔也有人用复数:
; @& m3 n- k8 {7 _& A5 f: T4 |/ [Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.: G) S$ a4 A7 Y1 V# I
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
: r: z0 T1 Q+ V5 r% [5 q(4) filthy rich:
9 W$ j% k% h' B0 T! |9 U意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)- ]" r5 z3 @# v
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
. G8 @4 L5 f/ u多半当形容词用。例如:) q9 N" K/ R5 y- _7 ?, V
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.2 M4 m/ u* ^0 N& W+ P
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
/ |9 L0 `9 p* j! z, nDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
! F/ @7 W; A  l! A$ G6 T; [1 Q1 R(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。). R+ F8 N# p; X
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
6 G! z2 B, @+ B, x% q' H3 m(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)/ N% r  I9 A1 T2 t$ y: B# |! Q" D
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
( T; Y  d( P" [: @2 K(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)- K! p& L2 s9 _  k
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)/ b# M# T# J3 m0 ^1 V" `4 y& @
(5) fairy godmother:
3 z- {6 \  t, l指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
% c8 P) H; v4 G+ z# A6 c# u(多半指有钱的女人)6 v; w; e4 j& J) ?
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:8 g$ R% H& r8 y+ }9 }& S
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
1 ]7 Q/ p7 _9 h! m(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
1 M, g. v: z. [; b: O$ IAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
) B+ h+ ~2 C" L) S. f: `$ D(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)& ]" r! g! `' H' _/ Y4 @' _
有时也用复数:" p4 O1 y# V: z6 B  D4 g
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
3 G# j7 H5 l0 B8 p+ ]2 c! I(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
- D+ l" a1 ^1 \- t. BIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.. ^8 J$ F7 |& U0 f9 {/ h
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。), _" f2 g, a8 |: r9 N3 H+ z0 `
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6)eye opener:
3 g5 T7 h( V- @; ]  u$ n指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion): S( G& _7 \7 s- b- C' e
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
2 ]1 L' f1 H' N% P例如:! ^3 e; C8 C/ P* c
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
& D. D2 V" |% s  ]9 F" @(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)$ R. }' D) {' U, e
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
, O- l+ G7 F) K& K# `# H(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)5 V8 n3 j' h6 H9 ?- V0 @
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.3 o" m" g5 N2 h2 g1 ]3 z
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
7 W: ]  B: K$ K: i6 mSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
% }0 ]* L' X8 ~; n(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
( R8 W: l$ G5 U9 P% x, O; j$ `8 \0 I  E(7) hot dog:5 h6 |% M  q) d" U
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
1 u& s: D  w/ v8 j5 K: q例如:
2 Y9 G, e$ H) n3 g5 a, `Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.5 Q* X- p+ j: ~6 P
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)  D5 b$ }% z% J
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)+ c+ {1 v- @# t6 L
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
# N$ ^5 L3 K8 ~& E0 V/ c# f(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
6 _+ V; w0 t5 L; p* J' @(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)# h6 _) c4 B+ U. ?/ o
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
* }( J% }7 J' y(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)* s8 p, n6 u' l" t
也指真正的热狗食物:
8 }' f3 z8 f8 l1 Z7 T- e2 RThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.: d+ N9 o: z4 f+ @. |& O
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)9 w, M% T, I9 F/ t4 V
也可表达欣赏的心情:
; y- n8 ]; I# B* r, B; k3 bHot dog ! What great news for me.2 }- ~# Z2 |& V% Y. g' H
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
; n+ V% D  G$ u% n; Q, |  G(8)eager beaver:
$ M: \9 u! i" L指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)1 V+ r/ A' H  R! b2 x2 w. p
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
$ G& O- D+ V& I8 W7 F(当名词用,可指男女)
6 K6 P+ l% W) R* |例如:
  H7 Z' }5 T; JJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.  A) U4 x3 f8 s# h: ?% \$ J
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
) T# A0 N5 H! Y2 F9 a0 BBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.1 u8 C3 B4 h  r, V$ l6 g3 @2 Y
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)1 T+ [9 X! r0 k8 _
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?4 K0 f$ H* c* S9 c* d. V. A; l
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
, E  }) Z: @$ W0 ]/ ]' K; a# tYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
* u5 \4 V4 @- d! D7 r5 X+ k(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)0 }2 n# m4 ?6 B9 U: _% [# p
(9)doubting Thomas:. u3 _8 e: P  k
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)) R# }  n9 q6 O* S5 }
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)2 K% q# m! r# o  i# y
(当名词用)6 |  A9 h" ^3 M- G; G
例如:/ N- Z# m0 I" k: |
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
8 c; Q+ o! Y; a% [2 p! D( j(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
" S% P0 O% M* SThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.3 k, s% e! _# C+ D6 M6 L  Y
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)' L* Y) D& b! U5 t$ g) s3 J& f
也可用复数:& U/ R& U; l6 N* z9 [
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.. f( \( e* v# B" x1 I, s  O
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
2 O7 s; d6 L0 G0 Y3 OIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.) u5 M( x/ N, N' |/ a2 A
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
2 L! Z  m) H; Q5 ~(10)dragon lady:
6 f2 O. [* d& R( R/ ~  i指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)" K1 d& u/ P# T' _$ a
例如:! o: O- M" ]; O: a* J
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.: u* n. z% R4 ~
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
2 ^+ w) z$ x3 ]I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.2 t# [0 c! ]: h$ H
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
! w/ T* Y0 o& |) b1 wShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
* u6 B2 G1 U" k. P8 i(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
, [# K) A  S& ~  C% g也可用复数:8 k6 T! }$ V/ K3 \3 Y& M
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
; g8 `  q* k' F(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
$ S9 D  x3 r. B/ }6 k注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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