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一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……; J0 }. q1 Z# ?) }( d; h
6 { a5 u! C9 X/ \& \* f至于性毛病,更是老中难于启齿、欲语还羞的尴尬。见到洋医生,窘迫万分,不知如何开口才是,真有「犹抱琵琶半遮面」的感受。
8 y& y) a& L2 w( w0 D' U0 J; r2 i$ a$ l' L; g2 q% @' y7 z
以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
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' a3 a M2 V( v0 |厕所 Z0 s, {$ z/ [& p9 D* M
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
2 D( C2 m" B: K; [2 ~解小便
. K2 ? L& O5 y最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:「Will (could) you urinate in this cup?」医生或许也会问:「Do you have trouble urinating?」=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)7 P+ d- G4 g& G ]
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此外,还有其他的说法:to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
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* I need to piss = I have to take a leak.
! `/ j+ J9 e5 v/ T l* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)+ ]) K) y) Y. E. V; `- Z
% J4 m! d1 u) S: a6 z此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
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! Q2 G$ t/ }" o% t& H, {: `' u+ B* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.(在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。)
4 g1 A9 z0 F' K1 g* He went to the john a few minutes ago.(他在几分钟前上了厕所。)2 m( N1 h! Y+ w J
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.(劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。)
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不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:6 x" `* y) a3 A p# r/ I
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* The boy needs to pee.
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. f* m+ l- P9 u! L9 |然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。 例如:
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* Do I need a urine test?- ~# `& c$ G. ]( o2 x& U0 W4 t
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注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如:
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2 C1 X. _- w/ a# e* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
! x& U1 Z2 m4 \$ ~3 v+ G* He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满)
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如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
8 p) ?0 N4 m4 Z* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
3 s# N+ k. _: s* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)
* w' F& n* d4 D: P/ U* }7 F n) \* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
, z3 u- J9 [5 X, H" \ t) F" @* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
, b+ g4 K( C) {0 s解大便
) t, r, x0 x9 A/ m- P一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a ####。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是「大肠在转动」)% A, v( C$ F) ?
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此外,还有其他的说法: to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
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; \4 @9 {0 x! L) z3 ~* The patient needs to take a ####. (=to make a bowel movement)
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! T9 d4 {) l7 Y# s不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
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* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
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但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:
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* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。): o0 m2 t# m/ F
放屁
6 h' J' o. I1 B4 T. y) Y; Q% U在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 例如:3 R% t- b: L0 y# q7 [7 w& r& C9 A9 n
7 K3 d J, z6 A6 Z5 {. e/ P6 G* 医生有时问:「How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?」(你放屁的次数很多吗?)3 Y$ f/ ` Y2 g0 {6 m' v
* Is the gas expelled by belching?(是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?)(动词是 belch)9 F' K7 M8 E" x1 B7 S1 \
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.(吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。), p1 O, ~ ~2 I) v
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.(过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。)
. E* B) ?) O" g0 B; N; S; _* Be careful not to fart in the public.(注意在公共场所不可放屁。)
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至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:
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* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. b& V; Q$ k# O& ~% ]
, O6 F! i' t; h6 v% a/ t6 e' e% Z(注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
+ c' U# m# |, C+ i7 w2 U5 j* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.(胃不舒服有两星期了。)
# R" p6 L1 H; A$ \. r* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)(他经常便秘。) 或
, e) C o& u0 Z5 t- r* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
% S) l# n- @& B* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或" w3 ^# W/ A4 G$ O. I
* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.0 v: t2 ? X. f8 n
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.(他拉了一阵肚子。)1 X# j7 n- r, }6 Y# x$ x! E1 F( X
* He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)(大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。)3 y. |5 C- j1 X, ^
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8 z: V1 Z) R7 e3 f. ?2 f7 @
化妆品 cosmetics
/ _ s/ M0 [* l# A: s( a% k3 u化妆箱:cosmetics case
8 {; U3 r& k, ^唇膏:lipstick
! Y# k/ t: D5 C' m) H5 I粉底霜:foundation; vanishing cream
/ I. F" w2 O; f) l油底霜:cold cream
9 ]7 C, g1 T8 @% R+ C+ {0 r$ f粉扑:powder puff, _# ~9 ]3 ?, @; k/ F# c
眉笔:an eyebrow pencil% g R5 B3 p, l
香水:perfume0 \& W$ q' ]3 K8 Y* Z
眼影:eye shadow0 ?! I6 u" u, l. Y' A$ z4 b
乳液:skin milk
$ Q* c8 u; z! G+ c# l+ H眼线笔:an eyeliner / an eye pencil: x8 j- Y+ o: u! c# Y$ H
眼线膏:eye liner( r# j) {* Q% z* Q7 g
眼影:eye shadow
+ d7 z% E# y9 s5 e" _1 t3 g4 m i胭脂:rouge / fard / blusher
& C, d. [2 R% V0 M3 k5 }洗面奶:cleansing milk4 }4 ~4 R- H; c6 R
去黑头洗面奶:biological cleanser
7 I9 o3 @& E4 r6 m6 a8 r4 }清洁面霜:clarifying cream5 i: ]9 ]: i+ O* b
眼部御妆水:eye make up removing
" N$ l+ T* @5 t5 h按摩霜:massage cream0 x1 W y- M* H- k7 O
按摩油:massage oil
+ N$ ?- R; V8 s( {4 n! s面膜:mask- T* D! K r2 l6 t" V( \5 C3 _
冷膜:freezing mask c& ?6 A) E3 n
热膜:hotting mask/ V6 j5 B9 p, x
海藻面膜:seaweed mask
5 \1 K* {, u- F颈霜:restructuring compound for the neck
) t; Y% I0 S- w8 ~特效营养霜:rich nourishing cream
( G8 O+ u3 Z* ]7 M+ m: C, H眼袋霜:eyelid cream8 t$ S% o0 k9 {# {3 ?
眼部嗜喱:eye gel- t4 u0 l' ]% p6 F8 y2 K- Q) }( s
日霜:day cream
" I9 v7 ?8 p, L4 S s: u晚霜:night cream9 G) R3 L6 `7 W) ]- K7 ]- H
眼霜:eye cream7 b; ]; X3 n1 T% O- F4 @
精华素:Ampoule. I% ?1 b8 ^8 x3 Y2 G. \7 q; S
中性:normal% k6 D" k; @+ \$ E s2 x& m
油性:oily
7 b: K+ I8 D: L5 N9 d+ i9 D; |干性:dry# C3 H! W. X" J3 Z( }
敏感性:sensitive
/ B1 l A* d7 C& F紧肤:refirming
* b! y! ^- t3 q8 l8 Y4 z# x补水:moisturizing5 @1 ^/ q6 ]# @0 K: O
补氧:oxygenating: Y% K& I" o0 s7 P4 n
补充骨胶原:collagen hyalronic. G0 f: ?) y6 V0 @4 e8 }9 [
倒膜:pour mask
2 o5 A7 ^/ } I Z' c8 O# i0 z植物:plant
; s5 N3 V. H0 b; f- z. J2 L色素:pigment' d/ \ n( t% G; N$ r! r3 p+ k
酸性:acidity
1 u# q% A( J/ d碱性:alkaline/ q$ f2 a- P5 `6 P# ?% f
矿物质:mineral substance
- M2 T3 O4 @- {) Z蛋白质:protein
0 P6 B) I( p& I3 q活性细胞素:energetic cell1 B! u* g' X* ]" Y5 i
维生素:vitamin
) R Z" K9 I- p, T化妆品:cosmetic, _" m3 @; {) R# K4 [8 h' I
氧化剂:oxidant. I5 }! M, P! n5 Z' C' T6 k
胭脂:rouge
7 b3 C+ E" p) g口红:lip stick1 a; n9 W8 s: g2 _4 D( g
粉饼:powder
! a$ X3 M: Z3 q& ?& H' @睫毛膏:mascara7 B: |. u: S0 m" O6 x9 x' E& ]
粉底霜:foundation
+ E' n7 o+ p* [- _" Z5 b- {9 b眼线笔:eye liner pencil4 ?, G2 w+ m3 ?# e
眉笔:eyebrow pencil
5 p' ]3 J8 }& J+ A唇线笔:lip pencil3 x2 W) B" V' E
唇膏:lip stick
! @' e9 Z4 h6 p) I, A8 y& Z8 G润唇膏:lip protector
; ?( s2 N1 ?) T5 w颜色:colour
' O2 v( ?1 k- W5 r8 O5 B7 W红色:red
* w8 w8 N, C- \; @桔红色(橙色):orange
* ?( r. M" S. ?4 l玫瑰红:rose
1 Z* H7 Q1 |7 T( v/ ~5 C棕色(咖啡色):brown
! g: l; W( s" P& r+ @黄色:yellow! ]" O+ x+ t# i" R1 s
蓝色:blue
- y: m/ R" u* |0 t8 _ z0 f肉色:yellowish pink5 v; X2 U/ t P: m; ?! u" K/ t3 r
黑色:black! P0 h7 L* X, E; z4 [3 B
白色:white& q, \0 _; n. r3 c0 n8 y! ]" d/ b7 H% M
紫色:purple# \- T C) U4 b' i1 S, O
绿色:green
- W6 G; j$ O1 X; ^) y灰色:gray
# Y9 W6 j4 |! ?7 q8 ?( B" F粉红色:pink( P8 Q- t" h4 o) C" U5 r) O4 i$ V" o
洗甲水:cleaner
6 @ ~# i$ |. y! O0 L指甲油:nail polish" b8 L# [4 X6 }! K. n3 V, M% r0 n
擦光剂:polish
3 a) S; `0 B" ]: T: @9 N1 y酒精:alcohol' C3 Q" ^0 x) }1 T/ l
液体:liquid6 k* a! p% Z7 a
文眉:tattoo eyeline
0 x0 @# |/ O9 u9 U文睫毛线:upper eyeline
7 g6 v7 w3 G3 i; {" t7 x文唇线:xlip; W5 X4 I- I# ]7 h4 n4 l2 l: X0 {. t
深层皮肤护理:deep lifting
: Y$ ?" a9 H& Y4 p+ A" C: g胸部护理:bust treatment9 P( |: O0 i# n$ n6 x
电眼睫毛:electronic eyelash1 }3 R) G$ ]; O4 c6 i/ y
修指甲:manicure. s; [% }6 D+ \/ Z# k Q: K0 j
剪指甲:trimx) J' O5 T& m0 H9 C5 T. J0 R
手部护理: hand care+ [( a) K' h1 ~2 \! F. _; U, t; n& D
减肥护理:diet care" ~$ @ Y6 G I9 D4 M/ ?
腹部减肥:reduce abdomen" I2 z& \% H4 m6 Y h
打耳孔:pierce ears q8 k7 {4 J# z- J! N
腿部脱毛:remove leg hours8 e, j4 g, A# \" ~
新娘妆:bridal make up Z( l% m7 q: w$ i0 R( f- t
晚妆:evening make up
+ b8 I5 z9 g; w: c/ |" v2 j日妆:day make up6 J2 _1 y) D8 j9 J
皮肤护理:skin care3 D0 ?6 P$ C0 Y$ i
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化妆品知名品牌中、英对照:4 L* |5 r& o( K; v* V
' G. l3 I7 Z( T; m* j' h0 d8 u3 Q美国品牌:& S- t9 E8 H& Q$ w( F, M
雅芳 Avon( l# X, o; w, ^0 A
潘婷 Penten
1 R$ D$ T& y# h' O倩碧 Clinique4 i ^6 W4 N d4 ~
强生 Johnson & Johnson
4 d( \% R5 c, C7 [! }0 g' v玫琳凯:Mary Key
; Y% U- r% Q( H u3 E! W0 C玉兰油 Oil & Ulan9 w/ m/ {* i0 S
海飞丝 Head & Shoulders7 D; ^/ Y X0 s1 c W$ D
高露洁 Colgare- X" Z( H7 g6 |. [0 l
佳洁士 Cret
/ F$ |5 r% E" z1 j0 d7 E尤特白 Ultra Brite0 J/ e4 r- p, _4 r* b
露华侬 RevLon. n! `& ]. e0 D- l+ z4 r# l# ~8 E
美宝莲 Maybelline1 G+ G" c* R% b( R# ^/ N
雅诗兰黛 Este’e Lander
$ O0 E# a8 _+ m5 G! [- c2 M伊丽莎白·雅顿 Eilzabeth Arden$ \. K) z9 [' y- D! N+ n
* h$ r5 X9 d4 n0 N) a法国品牌:& Z' q, O- ~6 E. k: y
欧莱雅 L’oreal" j) S4 ?; _& J% K2 Z
兰 蔻 Lancome1 ^7 w! c! ?$ L7 t& A. k5 y6 k
夏奈尔 Chanel
" }8 U& Y( b* \0 g歌雯琪 Givenchy
7 a5 ^8 C' w7 Z2 Z2 ]" X) G圣罗兰 YSL
6 n; C! q0 G2 Z. q: K克里斯汀·迪奥 Christian Dior
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0 r3 X! B7 n4 Y! w ^* Q# [英国品牌:
* b" r) Z$ O* }1 ~# m旁氏 Ponds
3 v" }* Y/ a m! X: n! A凡士林 Vasekine9 |3 v* b. M& w. Q$ b% f7 L
克莱伦丝 Chrins- l3 C) s) X2 ~+ T( Q }7 O
! x6 }' [$ ~7 V. m
德国品牌:
9 U8 O+ F* E6 ], u花 牌 Fa
( e' ~5 n$ ]4 |威 娜 Wella2 m- x4 Q1 L: b7 F6 X# o
妮维雅 Nivea
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日本品牌:/ _4 M, d/ `0 o3 o1 g; c
花王 Kao' f! Z1 C4 v! Q& x4 h+ G' X4 }
资生堂 Shiaeibo+ d$ n7 l4 C, c
' p: H0 _* V+ w1 G. h& L英语学习 招聘广告缩略语中英文对照
4 O9 n0 |+ V& {% F3 H来源:互联网9 L- F5 [4 N8 R9 L5 m- l* I
* z% k! Q- S& qadmim administrative 行政的2 B/ o, l0 Z) @6 d5 Y7 t8 U
Jr junior 初级
7 V% H! Q; y8 L/ Bad/adv advertising 广告9 g& M9 X) j& a2 G- D
K 1000元
( Y" [9 ?! r* {; U6 T) Nagcy agency 经销商
# o( O* l9 R: X+ jknowl knowledge 知识+ [6 A6 Z, y5 S& L2 q: F2 q
appt appointment 约会、预约9 e3 q q3 n+ ] i5 x( R* f- U
loc location 位置、场所1 `9 Y- ?2 L+ g4 C' j) |- C
asst assistant 助理# j9 ]1 I) r' B+ E! @% v
Lv/lvl level 级/层2 s" a& v6 ]$ V4 J4 K0 t. y3 @" A
attn attention 给, 与…联系# e5 ?. T- w* o' L& |
mach machine 机器) V( z4 \, E/ T" I' N* ?
bkgd background 背景8 z9 p3 d8 J+ @: o
manuf/mf manufacturing 制造
" |( a; B/ X0 e# g0 Y3 xbldg building 建筑物、大楼. _: z, w. Y/ l# s; {/ i. O
mech mechanic 机械的. _+ G& D# P# O% G4 S, Z$ ~
bus business 商业、生意
' B; q0 W# `. ~( _* p# y. Vmgr manager 经理
! k5 W4 a. j" w( v" x" ~clk clerk (办公室)职员
( z! ?$ z4 A2 A8 q- Y$ um-f monday-friday 从周一到周五6 d' E# v- [; n0 @2 N1 N1 p
co company 公司9 [+ z Z# \4 Y$ q7 d/ U+ W
mo month 月
6 z/ k* @) Q& K H% o; ?coll college 大专(学历)
: B( E' K" X. N: {nec necessary 必要的
l- ~4 m" F2 A$ r/ _2 fcomm commission 佣金! {6 M( f& A$ ] p' k
oppty opportunity 机会
6 @! e3 ]% |- V5 l2 N* Zcorp cororation (有限)公司! @+ _$ a. \$ k4 ~+ N) e
ot overtime 超时* W4 n: B3 `- u0 _* q
data pro data processing 数据处理0 E7 w) A: Z! G8 T+ S
perm permanent 永久性的
! X$ i4 \, j( D$ p1 qdept department 部
* l0 o) A7 W7 rpls please 请 U9 L1 E# f }. q* a
dir director 董事
" l$ D! J0 \3 dpos position 职位
+ _ j+ O1 S& ~# odiv division 分工、部门
2 S( A8 y: C$ p* Epref preference (有经验者)优先
9 e* _. ~, T8 z5 P' ~! j$ \* w Ceqpt equipment 装备
6 N2 j# Y4 s2 {+ xprev previous 有先前(经验)
2 p. x3 t+ ]- O( ]7 v5 N# Y Detc and so on 等等
* Y2 o+ Y7 v* V1 rP/T part time 非全日制, t- N& W* M {9 X* h9 i
eves evenings 晚上8 Q. F$ B5 s, S- S1 n
refs references 推荐信! D; v: U1 D) F/ }3 H( y* v6 G% G
exc excellent 很好的# t ^" }& c8 c. z. {
rel reliable 可靠的* j+ H( E0 ^8 f9 A1 T0 x
exp experience 经验
* n0 g, E0 a) {3 creps Representative (销售)代表
. A5 z$ H- i( o" ]/ iexp’d experienced 有经验的
! @6 ] r. O$ R2 [0 wreq required 需要) \ t9 m0 s5 P" U: R% H
ext extension 延伸、扩展
* c+ j; _5 ^7 h- y$ r2 t, j3 M5 wsal salary 工资
8 E& E* V, t% j' B9 `fr. ben fringe benefits 额外福利
+ P% X0 ?5 q; g/ j7 Dsecty secretary 秘书9 N( M+ n F( J; z1 f4 [1 {" L
F/T full time 全日制
) y/ ?9 h/ U& Esh shorthand 人手不足
( }3 x3 | L$ J/ _gd good 好2 L0 {' k9 p6 A
sr senior 资深# c1 N* |, t; p& g( N
grad graduate 毕业
8 T$ x! }" ~1 a* Mstdnt student 学生8 O2 V g: A! g5 ` V
hosp hospital 医院, y1 S2 Y4 V8 R5 h$ i' e$ `/ _1 @
stmts statements 报告
# n! _/ y# i: f dhqtrs headquarters 总部5 f0 V- G, i- @" R4 a3 b; R
tech technical 技术上) p }! {5 }" R3 E
hr hour 小时
1 c* N4 T$ j. } }tel/ph telphone 电话, {: G% q* X/ U( \
hrly hourly 每小时
" K/ {# H5 e; x5 L# I" p4 J$ ttemp temporarily 临时性(工作)+ v) `, Z }6 M
HS high school 高中(学历), k5 W4 D! H; `3 ^+ K
trans transportation 交通
+ p0 V4 z4 _0 a1 h5 gimmed immediate 立即5 Z- E z) E0 B; E5 Z( X
trnee trainee 实习生0 O& ^6 L5 d }" H- f% A5 p
incl including 包括
0 S( T5 B$ B9 n6 vtyp typing/typist 打字/打字员
# N8 ]0 u$ t4 Sind industrial 工业的
0 a; c3 Y! Y3 x, u6 k5 u8 u: Nwk week/work 周/工作
3 Y8 {4 f# Z: J5 Z. x( v* Linexp inexperienced 无经验的( b' p. m# T: f0 e! u5 M
Wpm words per minute 打字/每分钟
0 o/ g/ c- r+ v* [: B Z7 x3 rint’l international 国际性的
2 T) V; h( K1 x$ m' u3 `, {9 \4 G: s8 pyr(s) Year(s) 年
" i6 s! }5 J+ N+ t1 K- I8 |) c5 w. n+ B9 i* \* N
中英对照看病就诊名词
& D; E# D: e. }+ C* q* b
. Q0 l1 b* V! d6 m2 B3 D; I; ^. [) f& G医学名词 Medical Terminology& L ~2 O! e- N6 R* }
---------------------------------
! \* A) |9 ?2 r( H6 _ |过敏 Allergy1 L2 L- ?( ?0 V" M6 I4 K* G/ D
健康诊断 Gernral Check-up- M& w! w8 _7 \$ o9 E( @
Physical Examination0 y ]. d, o8 S( _# [- v
检查 Examination
8 X- ~7 M; q* X, G4 m7 I. I6 G' _入院 Admission to Hospotial
# j# D1 d( D/ _- V退院 Discharge from Hospital& {: ]7 z3 k" V l9 A) L. I
症状 Symptom" [' O b! \, q
营养 Nutrition
8 g5 g# ]; ~- b, e& `病例 Clinical History
0 Q7 b; ^4 h9 F" B& o诊断 Diagnosis% K1 a4 h% R. U/ h8 k
治疗 Treatment' ?% Z3 @$ N+ K( S1 |
预防 Prevention
g6 b8 q5 v# o G t4 m呼吸 Respiration
5 i5 S1 F1 o5 }, Q; P便通 Bowel Movement
* Z/ k: o2 e9 X( v便 Stool
: w, Z& \+ e- K血液 Blood
& S* e4 W9 I( F脉搏 Pulse, Pulsation
; a8 c# u- Z9 R6 b- o7 `& F: ^尿 Urine2 L/ D8 }) s! J' g7 o4 O
脉搏数 Pulse Rate
- z0 T$ R6 E; F6 W2 g/ r9 D+ D: E血型 Blood Type2 G( E- T7 n) Y3 e; q/ k3 S
血压 Blood Pressure1 c: ^) V8 w# x6 c) [4 ^. w
麻醉 Anesthesia! D- B# {5 {- _' d
全身麻醉 General Anesthesia. V" a! D# L( H- m
静脉麻醉 Intravenous Anesthesia
X3 f) N( f- |# a& W* z脊椎麻醉 Spinal Anesthesia
+ @' x1 m* W4 M" @/ t局部麻醉 Local Anesthesia
- _' P( ^2 K" O手术 Operation$ j* F* _# _( O: t9 S# Z w
切除 Resectionlie
, D9 q: j9 h9 `: L副作用 Side Effect/ V; B' x3 B+ l* a
洗净 Irrigation
) W/ R: O; U4 @' H! O- z注射 Injection+ z0 i. l- x8 v8 F* K2 g p$ y4 y
X光 X-Ray$ \' E0 Y f) m, F% I) Y% I3 t
红外线 Ultra Red-Ray
7 p( y" C: {* }# `慢性的 Chronic
- d" Z( Y7 G- X1 X, }3 V- p! G! G急性的 Acute
6 k' d6 R: x+ o3 P1 R; a2 X1 |体格 Build# E5 P ]/ \* w) b+ O
亲戚 Relative
5 b" C. q* D2 y) E遗传 Heredity' W$ s& x [& E% A, ~1 ^$ I
免疫 Immunity1 F8 y& O: c/ r1 B! L
血清 Serum5 K V8 L/ V) {2 E
流行性的 Epidemic
! y6 {; ^, v# R, d6 q潜伏期 Incubation Period2 N: |1 _6 U1 w0 [
滤过性病毒 Virus* I9 Q$ g! R$ j$ D* q$ g# y3 C: q
消毒 Sterilization
6 T8 n- c! a$ s \+ c9 `. t. i; R抗生素 Antibiotic9 r2 j8 i3 P& z- f0 Y! Y5 f
脑波 E.E.G
/ Z _8 h! j6 l# @( x& C洗肠 Enema) J: r/ z: H" f& \" f) A
结核反映 Tuberculin Reaction
- g' r+ H0 {- a1 }1 m" Z华氏 Fahrenheit
9 q. ~; d5 `. E4 n摄氏 Celsius, Centigrade
8 ~4 E4 c( r- t$ N/ Q4 ?; O1 ~# {' Y+ z6 [4 A3 `
药品 Medicine5 s6 k6 k6 F' N# t; r
=================
2 t- E' z; F0 y0 R" b9 C) w冰袋 Ice Bag
, w. ] s( o; [7 d药品 Medicine (Drug)
" v- e& H; {8 F6 F0 v0 A绷带 Bandage
$ E% d: C, K5 D1 S; {胶带 Adhesive Tape
' b! \$ {4 C3 Y! a5 y2 q剪刀 Scissors
) y* B( C: c, d7 I+ R5 k体温计 Thermometer! V; X* o1 a" ]$ _% i
药丸 Tablet, Pill. T2 G; ~4 K( }
舌下锭 Sublingual Tablet
" k+ o) H3 s0 |0 z/ w. N. C0 I胶囊 Capsules) X E% g, G! A. e( ~. l* E# P
软膏 Ointment( s' I: ~" v" T! x& Z, A& ]
眼药 Eye Medicine, L( K4 t- c& _9 a n
止咳药 Cough Medicine2 h8 z l. u* e4 l
阿司匹林 Aspirin
2 h* U0 K, r! k" F5 I止疼药 Pain Killer
* ]' W9 q- X; f. J0 j8 g药方 Prescription4 o, L4 h7 e! v i( f2 f/ h
+ M5 d" u7 h: O
症状及名称
, s7 a$ [8 [7 a, w4 j一般症状
' d( `6 ?) w1 Q/ N& A+ u& r. N============================5 j- c9 Y+ d2 L5 U2 `+ M
发烧 Fever
5 H9 w/ G5 G4 s K/ N1 p7 h) Y高烧 High Fever
& u: o$ I$ U$ ~: x. o发冷 Chillsz
2 [3 ?$ ]. r5 c4 P9 J/ O发汗 Sweats# m3 j+ U3 K- X1 L, M& \" O8 H
盗汗 Night Sweats
/ K* g* A9 C' V. q倦怠 Tireness
* s1 B1 T9 R) V& t3 G失眠 Insomnia
$ I* B/ P! n% }% [" U% j# T! v# _肩头发硬 Stiffness in Shoulder6 U7 [# J; L, {% Y6 Y r
打喷嚏 Sneeze
9 I9 Q8 c: ^0 O打嗝 Hiccup" k' {& {/ Q* l0 A( \: c
痒 Itch
, [; f& U- j' g+ A* M5 G腰疼 Low Back Pain
- m9 o9 [- ]$ @. g: s8 m" I7 b6 j头疼 Headache
5 c1 ]1 L2 D. B! L0 A# h. E痛 Pain (Ache)
) l! u6 C# C( g8 u( {急性疼痛 Acute Pain- h4 \$ w* W* S6 @# }6 q% m1 f
激痛 Severe Pain; v1 B& v4 u. R* y2 w
钝痛 dull Pain
1 g! q0 R% e" F" o% a4 b7 V( \压痛 Pressing Pain
+ u7 a, |$ u- {( E3 A4 ]6 P刺痛 Sharp Pain
8 ]" {; v( S; z: c9 E* o8 H戳痛 Piercing Pain
% u' o7 K+ v! J8 y一跳一跳地痛 Throbbing Pain; k9 }/ R/ I. m2 }0 z2 p
针扎似的痛 Prickling Pain
! |& J) @2 f/ H7 c& `! E烧痛 Burning Pain2 o# h( R, g V! O
裂痛 Tearing Pain
1 f8 [; F( s% R( I持续痛 Continuous Pain
3 L4 F& P+ n) J+ T) J& f1 B$ {# l不舒服 Uncomfortable w7 ^) ]6 \7 L5 D- {/ |
绞痛 Colic
t4 U! [) _: |9 M6 f( C放射痛 Rediating Pain& y! a2 Z" ^- ]& B6 ~0 d
溃烂痛 Sore Pain! n& }) U7 X9 [5 ~
痉挛痛 Crampy Pain# ?2 }# ?$ D- Q% ?
顽痛 Persistent Pain
+ n6 m& g9 W/ B1 o' o' P; _% Y5 t轻痛 Slight Pain4 P5 n. A7 ^+ }; c
血尿 Bloody Urine5 @$ N' V3 w# s7 E
浓尿 Pyuria
7 w! _; w' |2 n7 b" @2 C粘液便 Mucous Stool1 H1 U8 h( M9 o& S& ? W
粘土样便 Clay-Colored Stool
5 F+ z, G/ P; p验血 Blood Analysis! w$ a( q, T( k! d6 e# ?; Q
红血球 Red Cell. Q( N; p+ E2 w7 z. M
白血球 White Cell
7 w x# g) D1 l& h! R( O! Y3 M呼吸数 Respiration Rate
/ Y: m2 V" p2 g3 h呼气 Expiration/ c, ] K' r3 \; C# b
吸气 Inspiration
. M$ Q/ k0 n' X4 g4 X; Z呼吸困难 Difficulty in Breathing
/ J0 E) y& Y7 m g# n% U: o8 b/ M不规则脉搏 Irregular Pulse
; @# e) M" a+ S, W) \) ?3 \慢脉 Bradycardia
- S# ^) ?. v' _3 l& M快脉 Rapid Pulse
9 R1 k" D0 {! p- y3 A% j9 h尿浑浊 Cloudy Urine: w0 E2 @1 \$ q; s$ N/ e0 F% M
蛋白质 Albuminuria
. {; g. L r' ~1 } B糖尿 Glucosuria
4 v! a; ~* |9 V9 E9 r% T' N! I瘦 thin, Skinny
1 G9 e7 Z5 ?6 l$ W2 B, R b6 a3 P肥 Fat |
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