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雲吞 发表于 2010-2-5 22:26 
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* m2 ~3 f% s) Q' Y# s/ Q0 H) M这个例子不好， er在美语里不是简单的[ə]＋r,，照你说[ə]不能在重音节上，那么further的第一个音节应该怎么读？
3 M6 y* c% C. s9 K# B我google了一下，找到这个) P0 b" q4 C) F+ m ~ }
[ə] and [ʌ]2 z) w4 C* A2 Z" E! Z, X+ g
• There is no important difference between the sound represented by the "schwa" symbol, [ə] — the vowel sound of the first and third syllables of the word "banana" — and the sound represented by the "open 'o' " symbol [ɑ], the vowel sound in the word "but." The first, [ə], is unstressed and the second, [x] is stressed, but the actual sounds are identical or nearly identical. This means that there are no English words which would change their meaning or become nonsense if [ə] were replaced with [ʌ] or [ʌ] with [ə] and that shows the two sounds are not separate phonemes but allophones of the same phoneme.
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3 r$ b6 }/ f* b1 Z, y• However, it seems wise for ESL teachers is to treat the unstressed vowel [ə] as an independent speech sound. It is both the most common English vowel and the one that behaves in the most unusual way; it must be understood by anyone who hopes to speak clear, natural-sounding English. Having a special symbol to represent the sound will make easier for teachers to explain the schwa sound to their students — and easier for students to understand what they are being taught.7 G L6 ^" ]/ N
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• Being aware of "schwa" as a distinct sound should help students in at least two ways. First, spelling should be improved when students come to understand that all the letters normally used to represent the stressed vowels — 'a,' 'e,' 'i,' 'o,'and 'u' —can also be used to represent schwa. Second, the schwa symbol is extremely useful in teaching English prosody because strong contrasts between stressed and unstressed syllables are a such a distinctive feature of English./ j! c, t9 W0 f2 ~( x, m. I0 C
http://flesl.net/Phonetics/IPAVowels(comments).html |
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发表于 2010-2-3 12:59
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楼主
发表于 2010-2-3 22:49
