 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The- d. I9 A. L* f/ Y! b! c5 T
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
% o$ O5 ^- F; I$ J- ^syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
' ]6 K" K8 z4 w, Band uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
% z; g$ U- Z$ I Z6 H! E. ]4 k1 P(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of2 B& t& @! l5 }. x) p/ a
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).* t. m) z* m$ A2 } q0 N+ C
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=7 e( g1 u$ Z3 h% E: p* c
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]% S+ h" _, J& N& c M0 ^% J
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
6 s' ~& G, d {$ C' y" E9 r; Vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on3 l* B; i/ {/ Y. j1 l/ D( M) v
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
9 h' H, n) |/ Z5 V" K8 K+ r(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
; {1 `$ q) V: Lsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
6 E A( x1 h! L& d- W* ysemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
# L$ y) u! X8 b* @end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In3 K! ^ Z) t- y: i# h( O0 }
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,4 j# D* J3 w3 J# c# t% ?6 X" w
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
2 U! h1 U0 B* P1 f% l7 U/ J
4 T: c" W4 {: {, {0 z(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
8 K! h5 f* A ^: Nand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
