 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 q. ], }) ~# O& N0 f1 E/ u
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the7 b, y# F* N' {% z$ t- j
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
: W/ ?/ n4 w$ C0 P% cand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" A) w. v- X% T, R/ n7 g: n
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of* f4 }# w5 Q' X% X2 ^/ L+ s# S
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).4 O1 u5 B% u* K- s& a5 f0 n
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=, c# D# [( G+ Y/ R/ N
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
, a: c. ?% C: B }" M(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving% j, S8 ~6 J* K ^& \$ A8 y
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
; e6 t3 I, E' a1 G& M; v* F# J mpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset5 x% r4 e. l/ Q* L0 p: Y1 X. {) g
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two" p, c' C2 h6 |$ ~4 F1 p
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
) X c' ?7 w% w4 K" @3 U' Usemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
3 T) x- `, H7 H: b/ i1 S0 Gend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( D1 m7 M8 Y# ^) @compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,0 C. ^+ q& {6 K" o; a
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
8 E- f% H6 b3 f2 I. s% Y5 ~. K- o0 C2 ]5 y& u& H
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
# D7 ^, a+ P, x) u6 pand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
