 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
$ p. x3 D4 a0 J% D X X+ VInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
/ R, T' r) J9 R, [3 A2 l8 o, F8 isyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,- Z, o7 K* N. d. |
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
9 a- K& x- B% V+ W: w(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of. k1 k+ Y0 ^7 y0 L/ {, w% Y+ r
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
" _$ `: y |; d6 m% JA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=% t. ]3 o) y4 \2 \ d5 Z- C
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
! T/ \) q/ ~) `7 f9 X- I0 U' O% D2 y(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
0 g, |: J5 i% s0 e. bretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
3 b4 F7 D( v4 _* p+ b# A% ^0 p/ A- g/ ]possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset$ S- s5 `# V! @; G* y- g! X
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two! r ?# O+ Z% f2 o! f4 Y* Q
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
6 V, _" x# ]- q( Q$ w+ ^; bsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.( x, a$ H2 s2 P6 u1 A3 L8 }( c
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In# v/ k0 D* W: y
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,1 f1 g/ J0 ^, `% s+ a6 @
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..) e' n8 R: g4 H Z. ]$ `
: s" Y2 X/ f1 l7 K6 n! [
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)# V7 m5 `. `& G! R; p# p
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
