 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
9 f( ]: w/ [% I5 v* e8 A* i( \4 x" iInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" F: t; x% K6 |; |5 V. J. @& l- O
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,5 {& Z) _4 G- z& F
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial; ?# k" }8 m( [/ U0 M
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
" R* f9 L" {7 Q" v5 Dretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
) h9 A9 ]# h3 P0 e7 `6 c0 OA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=4 c% e; \* s3 F4 V3 z1 w: M
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
% h: n+ m5 U9 N F0 F- E& d(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving8 Z h6 B) p: B" i8 [/ J
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
" J% X# v8 T; P2 q7 apossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
" a% _; ~& f+ c5 m2 r! u) `+ n(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
0 S5 Q, ]! G4 D/ ^9 u$ J" Y" hsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
& y5 ^5 s( j3 o1 X K8 I' L; isemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
& u0 _5 k) \0 l* n: a9 ? pend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
, p4 f! O1 e) \/ m0 \! Dcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
! F% j' {, |/ Sthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..+ J" N% e- e) y* P& H5 Z
' H* n8 A" _6 h5 ~0 w% J8 y(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
8 P) M4 k# k/ f5 N: x2 M; ]and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
