 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The1 _: ]5 F0 Q5 K2 S: K w
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
$ L S+ P% n( X9 q% W/ Wsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
6 n( n+ X0 p& v3 n* F) Eand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial) \" `! x7 ] M. g. y; M5 W0 q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
6 W* v }3 d: L+ Tretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
. \% a" ~) c4 g0 C& pA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=1 v7 C# W, v1 l$ \/ W' x5 ?: D
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]5 p5 ^3 `% a4 s! {
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving8 \! g' [6 r& ?; u
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 d( N$ C8 k4 G
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
- [! [+ B6 ?2 z- S0 n(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two6 Q8 ?& h; I0 ^& ~9 t1 S8 j
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a" \1 I/ x. i* ^( @# q3 J2 P& c
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e. V$ `( V2 f" f1 c' i$ q
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
0 b( `3 ?& o) bcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
* P. [" T0 c4 U7 u6 |& A! Bthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..; k. V# P* O5 s- V& P+ `
: M: u5 ]& h$ R! f3 P* z(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)* U6 [; a0 C; d1 E' `) b' u8 X5 }. C
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
