 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The/ _4 \3 q- W$ y1 p7 I
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" B& B# N8 t) p5 o3 S8 F
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' X! L) }2 [6 i6 Y* Q
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
# U, M) C1 p M& P- C U7 n(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of7 A/ f# T/ @: B% N' }+ Z
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).: d+ D: d; ~& Z) x, A# u% z
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
+ D9 g: B6 [$ L0 V* K[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
& Y1 t3 ]7 G$ n: K(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving6 e2 K+ R. O5 B7 M S! p, e
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
. b1 x& Y7 n; `. ipossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
) H1 `( K: U$ x. p( p(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two" l) |/ V. `- Y/ m* O
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
1 l& ~7 \6 ^$ s( O: v0 C/ [semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.- R$ B4 O& D5 N7 z; ~7 `
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
. A( Y, y) Y- ~# O. x0 _3 Fcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,+ a5 C" W4 H. V1 n I8 O. v
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
" {3 {# F/ T% a2 Y$ \
2 ]7 S5 J$ U+ |6 V$ S6 i(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)3 E9 O* u* T) U& |1 a4 N! q/ }
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
