 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
. e7 ]4 a, v4 [5 cInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the8 s1 v1 l$ o. F8 L B+ X. J3 f
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,9 |+ Q! J, l7 J" i* a
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial5 P' i5 Q1 I/ _; Z
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
! v/ G0 l, d7 @7 S9 a6 m P; Bretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).# ~& c, ?5 C4 B
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
$ H6 U( t( l* h* R6 @ L! O[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. {5 F3 g0 {: R* x; x& [! g
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
/ {" d) O. e T0 O# Dretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
+ ^9 n" g. L- T0 k# g* Y8 \possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& [+ @; v8 E/ g6 O
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two/ K* _8 L# L% y0 l+ \" ~. Q
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a6 N& e$ \+ ^: u. Q
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
5 X) ~3 W9 f h& aend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
/ j t) ?0 ?1 E9 o/ {8 Mcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" p4 z0 a3 ?: C, vthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
) ^2 w. }. D$ K0 V& ]5 J3 q! d3 L/ O! Q& z3 c5 J, O% z# v0 x8 r5 S: ?
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
3 x; Y0 O6 \$ S" G! e8 j/ {+ tand American speakers of English, |
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