 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The$ M$ A) v4 M/ [, ^" H2 i Z( ?
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
* l' D: n9 ~0 r1 Wsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
/ m6 q% f% ^- vand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
" ~% d d5 v' |" k7 |2 b$ u(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of# k$ V' Q# P0 z, C$ `# i! ]1 P6 I/ G5 r
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ @2 c2 S1 j) RA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
R9 y4 Z; G( K# V! C0 r R8 \/ k[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
& ?4 v9 f# O, a4 p, o( H(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 L" Z. y' ?+ j/ S) e4 @ v- U
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
' r5 l+ x/ W( [possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
; Q6 l# @# B- j! z1 C1 I(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two+ E; Z) y- w9 ^3 s
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
7 ^, u) R( b3 o3 e# W0 G3 n" gsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
- h$ T* K+ m1 g0 Y8 R" B4 q$ wend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
O& B# Y/ Y, i# ucompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" O! V7 p: X4 A. u) C" b, Athe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
. u3 w; O% x. U
6 O% }2 R9 o5 f, j9 F(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
% r8 b r& n$ a( _" fand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
