 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
( V" w. e. g' z+ v0 o4 `1 `Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
. O7 d n, z' ?syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& S! i. p Z! f
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
! n/ l; B# Y+ l- |) \' `2 Y(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
& V- T Z. }( O8 X& b1 g! d6 T7 fretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
2 S& Z( J; ]; ^) i& v0 i# C& NA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=& }3 n r* u; U; X6 z
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]9 j* V! K9 }/ m0 r
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving/ d" r7 S3 e- {5 J8 Z! `
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on& S/ ]& l, \! ]( H: `% w1 u% f+ ~
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset7 x( l! ^5 x% w5 d
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two7 u7 _7 V7 F. x3 [# Z
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
% O* {" }8 Q% x, _# c5 p& Wsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; i' Q0 g5 l5 ]. e* bend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In% f( O* ~+ w) P3 h' w
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,% B/ y8 [! L. O1 E9 d1 O* \
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
* t! D, T0 c3 c) x Y$ W( C* \8 N+ l" \& N/ `0 V
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 v. @/ L" d/ ~5 n6 s8 V1 N% c
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
