 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; R: O/ d3 j+ u4 N+ R5 {
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
+ @/ }, \- Z+ u* r5 xsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ H" e/ \4 C2 c, `and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial, W/ e3 h U' A) K1 ?
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
2 p. p4 Y4 d0 Z" T/ r* Iretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).$ v! g6 p ~# y
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 l8 S* v$ g0 ?/ n/ A3 R9 h/ x[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”] ^- J$ x% j& N8 e9 m. W6 M( H$ `
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving9 K; U( Y- s' f- s; A
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on6 T, q- X+ G! I. B9 k8 Q
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
1 O& {' a9 `$ f, [# b9 k4 H: i- ^(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
7 b& e3 Y9 A/ [ O% H2 I* C; Ssegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
* q0 V9 A5 l/ r6 D/ [7 v, gsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! D! i+ i! N$ _5 {1 P$ E! S: ?# ~- F+ ]end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In1 p* r& x5 x6 N
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,1 L5 D) y, K. Y
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..# b8 E4 { h8 J* i
: z; h+ {+ L. w
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
3 o4 g% f' e6 S+ c$ |! ]! }and American speakers of English, |
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