 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The( }9 m) k7 J. o6 _" P
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
1 O# R; R7 u, x. z" j7 Z: Rsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 k k* U5 E: s5 Aand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
, o2 N. K" Y; @ H8 l(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
" H1 ]0 S3 e- w+ F# Oretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
" \& \* d/ R& x) A9 x8 A1 q7 |2 XA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=- z8 Y8 [' E2 }: F( l* ^
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- |' a) {; q$ _: l& j# t(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
6 y5 y# u0 a) S) X1 jretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ c5 q7 G. X: m1 U, L4 h9 t
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
/ R! Q/ Y a0 u% r& p(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
& N5 e# y/ P4 m7 Y* l, ]segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
9 x& L8 k1 N. j0 }1 jsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e. X- J( }0 T. \/ b. s6 F3 U
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
5 I' K; b. _0 v; T8 U& _compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
! E7 Q7 U+ Q: X6 w4 ^the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
9 Z' U( X; W( f# P7 _+ A6 ^- e
( `/ }1 [. P# F" {(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
8 C$ ~: U2 a% K! Land American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
