 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) ^4 l5 a' O* d; h3 ]
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% ^! ^* u' z7 V
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,. y- b5 }" I- X3 F3 F! }/ j) f i
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial8 X, Y6 h7 H ?
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
. r% N. W0 V1 zretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
5 ?: p: ~0 k$ e" MA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
- v5 \/ K* n# t; I9 _[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]* \; F! ^& O3 | j$ \
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving# q7 x/ {. J0 D# _8 T
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
) e) s/ \) R9 ]. Opossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset% l8 I/ \; N' N! w- @# `5 K, t
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two( z0 \5 O) V G4 g# O8 p
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
3 v: j3 V$ t* wsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
" \2 \5 [9 i1 j' S$ |( k% Yend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In$ E, p' g+ ^" Y7 O+ |! b
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
( Q+ ^9 u7 x0 V$ j* qthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.., }; y' x. ]0 \3 r0 x+ j
( c0 s) S2 s; x( _8 n. f
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
* d) Q0 g2 r$ @, `and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
