 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The& H6 t' x( m- I: x$ L: z0 f! K
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
) p, I7 j* j' h% A. osyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
) @! o$ v* }: B0 N5 x% B& l& kand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial& |# X" V6 B; w9 ?; t
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
/ U& D( z0 S% bretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)., N0 G& S2 Y9 e- S% v U! O8 Y4 u4 E
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=# G# l4 F& K+ w$ Y+ [& P
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
! Z# f. r9 _ b+ W% s, a(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
7 ^) N4 u; N5 v, \: s3 H0 p9 Rretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
$ O5 Q2 B& F6 I A& O8 N) W; spossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
8 c8 o' X0 Q& m$ g9 c0 u% k7 R(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
0 E7 e s: W5 Isegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
* l* Z& K& t$ q- `7 Msemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
/ V& l% R7 s3 J* m0 Tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
: V- T6 `+ C) g( ~% L, xcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
, I4 u7 Q- q. L) ~1 _1 m5 Y _the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
4 h8 T) {: }. l$ p3 m1 i: @# i# k; v7 l {
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
8 M$ p Z6 h& \& b: Qand American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
