 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 @5 a) f, G2 Y5 S9 a6 PInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% C' ~, w5 L/ E) p+ \# ]% [8 t
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 ?& X5 r" C& H$ X8 qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
) P. t) s- l- M# Q(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of7 p+ Z' g7 x$ d3 l* v# n/ }
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).( y. X- t- q2 Z
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
- e0 X; ]6 F/ `2 Z$ E- F9 ]/ @* e[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 a( D2 w# ^% s8 d. w0 F/ }
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 }* G+ b4 u3 Q2 r' S1 W, N
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on# x7 K! m, C, ?$ c! F$ E6 S# |7 p, S
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* q0 g9 H1 C3 k2 v: T(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
" P8 \1 F: W. W- Fsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a0 V( D, K% o1 D; B% `7 i
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e. I5 C' i4 I! b C9 x$ H
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
W' G% E# G2 o8 k% Dcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
8 [9 V# J6 H0 ~& e7 @the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..* \" L+ M" E) d) [/ W
4 s. c9 e. A6 y* r3 h9 [(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" I; A; g& R v& ^and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
