 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
0 [2 O' c# o& KInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
/ c t! m% S4 M! c+ w, O2 Asyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
b1 ^8 E5 w: p* l7 ^- r% t+ wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 h9 l" V& T/ o: s2 v6 ?& _(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
9 q/ H2 _/ Z" }! r$ R2 _6 Nretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
6 N) ?1 `& z) }: K. OA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
: G+ \1 J0 d4 D2 q; k; I; g[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 X8 h3 Z/ {0 q J% T
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 t1 Y9 |& j) j+ Pretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on( v3 V, {1 M9 ^: ~; S
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
. x. B6 `1 R/ u(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two+ c2 T0 u* G& h( d! W
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
- F2 c% n( E/ n) Dsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.0 U$ x$ _+ n; M0 @
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In8 t# o) K/ K. k4 o9 O7 c" ?
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
' W6 l& ^5 _3 e: n8 K5 j: ithe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
, G2 @7 c( p z9 n0 k! {* ?) E$ B d( b
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)( F2 ^3 u2 O, X9 r: U8 E1 s6 w
and American speakers of English, |
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