 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The5 O( T5 \# U4 f/ d7 L; z# `2 j- J$ P6 C( F
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
/ s8 W O2 A( i/ V N3 Asyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 O) ^. W+ M9 P+ m9 Q0 a5 wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
3 ]; a! ~# L: {. Z0 [) L(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
7 ~* s- h/ H1 R5 i9 `( ^' uretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
$ g& Z P+ B7 Y$ _& V' [A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=( W2 m; Q4 v( L1 e8 }- }) {2 ~
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]+ B T, {9 s4 e7 M! X
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving/ i( G- [ b7 N, X
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
! a: @, k4 `$ ?possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
8 Y9 C! \* ?0 m(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two" Q# w2 A+ m# B- t" v2 {
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a7 ~8 K5 _% Y. N% I' Z' r. Q
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ [- Y0 k# m" L( x/ { a4 h
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
8 ?1 {$ W( r( \compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element, G3 ]5 L4 D9 ~ e3 C( N' I
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
- J' V* p# e* Y
# K ?: O; ~' J) q* _4 W(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)8 Y |4 V# w9 X* X. o8 Z
and American speakers of English, |
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