 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The3 @2 ~- m# ] H" }0 L
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the2 H3 @# m8 q; y. Z3 T
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
; I. I/ t, o5 P- J% A* w; Z: \* vand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial. b( l) T- ^7 c, _/ ~! S# m( C
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
0 v8 Y5 L* x8 Y- C: G- {- }$ p: Wretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
$ \) \2 d6 T7 |% e4 n$ k& i* E4 UA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=& G; u/ c" v- [
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]- P5 G: @% O; D- |/ O( E
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving5 q1 u; x$ ^5 k- i; e( C
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 l6 Z8 h, I. b9 s, c7 I9 z
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
5 T% W6 i; w. q8 k h(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two& ?. N N C" i* Q" K
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
7 e- d4 {, k) i6 L4 `7 lsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
) h- u3 \$ ^7 b) Lend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
! o1 [/ z, \( R* ~compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
$ O+ k, o; }! }( z7 F) dthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
2 l$ x) }) E7 i5 ^
8 Z, M p$ g. X1 D) _! b) u A' \(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)$ A' ^% I, G1 a
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
