 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
N1 _/ ~/ N. r+ vInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
8 D- T. ]5 _! d0 z0 Fsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in, O7 h+ r1 v" N4 N+ Z
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial6 C* n. q* @7 b, Z
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of, Z) q, O& N- f4 T# N& {
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
; p$ `+ n+ i1 Z+ w- B& O. EA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
) l# P0 ]$ v7 F) u; `9 ^[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- D4 z2 ^+ c% t4 ?" N) T2 v( E. _(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
( l& W+ A$ p$ g, R9 a& a) s7 dretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on: Z a- z1 C6 l: t- m
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
' @4 s" r$ @9 t& J(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
/ R; _$ d, V2 D1 n7 s% r# } @7 Tsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a" u; ~/ l$ G4 H, w
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.' @5 L& \7 m3 F" V7 Z
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In x0 Q) V: l Z
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
b; r$ a7 y/ k& ?7 Tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..+ J) T# A4 a* ?+ V+ q
. I+ \# w) o- h& s, D# ^(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)% U6 K4 c3 E6 K/ }
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
