 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
3 ^ ?( ~& Y% F* N% `Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
+ P: E; A8 z v2 e$ usyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,) I/ ]8 M" K" }/ A/ B
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 N. @* \+ z" N4 J7 F- r# i$ B2 C(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
7 O5 y- U0 H2 S0 t7 I. w1 d" [0 G! Nretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).# S, Q3 {* V+ r+ j+ B9 s. @8 S: f2 k
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
7 O3 e# O2 }4 U" p[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
1 M0 Y, N. v5 K C4 Y(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
2 ]2 X& p) o5 ?, w6 Q+ jretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
3 V. {! o5 L H$ ~6 dpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset! b9 I V. ^: y. w
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
) W6 F& J6 L9 x; `, S6 nsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a3 S5 t; y/ J8 n' c3 f6 H8 e
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
' p& `/ g8 l7 z( j$ S# rend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
& k4 u2 l% U- B8 ?0 B2 M O+ |compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" A9 z9 X' O' u' Y% `. A2 xthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..$ Q( Z- _4 a6 Y) \ ~8 a0 ^2 N
" M2 B0 {2 q0 u) e' Z(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)% J5 x8 x$ E; P+ Y! n
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
