 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The# N- n" p* Y; x
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
K/ h [. X4 @" gsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' n0 I8 f& m. l" W
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
/ m. I* s/ B' ~, \- K(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
' H) V5 u2 G+ k1 Dretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).9 t) ]$ J7 n* [
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
; Z8 \+ T n1 v[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
% H3 d) T( [! I# y(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
- o8 P" f5 h& Y# i$ J dretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
0 ^8 w2 N: j# v+ T8 Q$ zpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
" Z* E, o5 O9 N; ?5 Y0 {5 I, B) L(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two$ U2 w& N: T1 z! u8 h
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
`- l d" K$ `' j+ A6 x' C1 I0 ysemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
& g8 o, H7 o0 ^end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
{" L' }3 y/ Q; Jcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" Z8 r$ q* s% i# x @% H( ithe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..! ^! ~* S$ N' W! H
! d- |& p% L7 h& {& F(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
K; R8 e" Z, W* j* C x; G& b3 @and American speakers of English, |
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