 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) h# n$ ~4 v( z2 m, e
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
8 l% p; Q& i/ M- ~$ zsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
! ^2 y, ~* ~4 p Q" `and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
: z! H3 Y: R0 K" [) k+ b: x7 C(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
# g, F3 } F/ kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
0 Z8 P: }0 K- Z6 I( X% z4 E2 X6 mA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=$ d0 m2 h1 p2 x: u$ S$ [4 C) V
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]0 G. S' K, f& ^
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving5 K5 ~6 W0 `+ I; Y' E* g8 O9 Y
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on. v ]" P3 C- ^) k6 o+ r5 _
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset" K& r) ~- y$ t9 B# s3 `% _1 @
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
5 D: F( S3 _" G) }3 F) ]0 I; s6 Isegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
' E( A3 d7 e+ x; jsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.3 l6 k4 A& M' A! l( w
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In! z* [4 M& w8 J+ \1 C) ?) N
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
# f/ m( W% j3 h' l+ [/ pthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..$ p) P( I/ G& s# X/ D) { C
7 g; b, ]; }2 U
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
. u N: c' }1 k s' V( h, Sand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
