 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
( c* l2 `4 I+ z- ^2 [2 \Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the: a. A+ @) ~& \; N# f
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
; o; P0 O( ]( X# A' [$ |6 yand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial. U0 [/ f& t$ A
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of: g" n8 ]( @) S2 e& `+ {% K
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).7 }% }$ ]' ~ T! a& a5 }
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
; P! n- N2 \' l) C' `1 y" D& R; l; f6 g[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
( N; W4 M$ z6 n0 a9 z(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
+ }! E7 R/ H" a9 _6 m$ P. ^retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on5 |$ S5 o! K& {4 c) f# `4 r
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
6 g0 `0 X# V+ I8 u4 d D(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
. {2 T2 q: M8 ~& z% V) jsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a- s0 J. p$ ^; n I- h; u& J
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
5 O; a8 G& ^2 C2 _8 y$ S& ~end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; x! |3 N4 a- v* [compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,2 ]3 _' J! ~1 Y
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
4 I# i& B9 Q; k3 s R$ p6 X! c
% j7 A9 `/ L# R" s) `(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
2 B2 A# y g9 y2 ~0 \% G( yand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
