 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
! Q" W" l4 t3 S& z5 k* sInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the9 \) j& }7 {! Y; u
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
- J6 n8 P! i9 O( b; ^+ Wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
# \" i; [: T) E(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
* J6 w4 _7 Q( P" _6 t2 M# }retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).7 a) |; @7 c0 V
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=8 c1 H2 s# ]: c. v3 v
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
4 }; C4 h4 x0 z, |(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& X9 Q- L; R6 O2 @; D5 X) J
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
, z$ S5 f C! p( M/ T% ypossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
# }$ x2 @- D# p( t(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two2 N# g7 m- L W. s* d2 z! j
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
: ~; Y, J( _3 S W0 dsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.3 B9 L& A4 G0 c& a& ]4 P4 }
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In6 _; A! R5 Y/ X3 S K! }
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,) [% E; v' Y1 y9 e
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
& y% ?$ G8 o' [; x& d) ?, J! x
0 r/ _) K' G5 B; `(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
% e* i4 [+ B" g; t- Z/ K! Aand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
