 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The& Z9 L" T( s* t! W6 ^0 Y- L
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the) h9 z% g6 K q! O; n2 M* X5 u, P
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
* y8 w4 X5 K$ @7 K& Dand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
( w# ] n, S' _( G, p( j(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
1 ?1 ]( O5 Z1 \6 @: |3 r$ j [- aretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).5 l* k8 q6 D7 I, ]) c& c8 {# h
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (= b; B: u; k+ d1 B1 C
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
! x% t1 u) O! ?+ q8 f! }% z(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving- d+ J0 n, s% Z' G2 e
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 o: t8 b8 a" W2 V4 b [7 g
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset2 q" O: y+ f' Y% W
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
! }- D& l0 |+ u lsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a6 _8 v. I7 l$ Q1 k& k
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.8 d# R2 x% r5 Z. g u
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In3 e+ g4 ]; T" n; c7 Q5 Y
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
8 p; S' b, M' P6 C& {' tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.." d. `$ Y- p4 A: l0 r" m
, \& d6 X5 I7 N/ a. P3 E2 g5 U/ g
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
- Q4 E8 P0 O; l% b' t# T/ T6 m5 aand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
