 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
# i3 [0 n- h' Z- X3 r( ]. WInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
* q: [# t3 }. u* Lsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,: N# ]! X' `9 v, x3 k. c/ J) k
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial9 X9 a6 {+ X% S4 W. H
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
$ {$ _& ^' I) Z: C0 F* O" Lretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
, `4 \3 u* C/ C9 [% G/ {4 kA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=) W2 D2 L# U. f& i$ j$ m4 p
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
% Y& N: ?) @ E/ K$ }(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving) u$ v& e$ ^5 H
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on6 X; @/ N( }& | O2 c
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset$ _; k* r* x. g" P2 p& }# i
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two/ ^- w* v" ?4 _/ i4 h( J
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a4 e3 [$ X {) v: V( a. E
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
4 O) L) K. p7 }% ^6 i/ r" C; [end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( \$ \ C) e; V2 u( Qcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,: Z: ?- l- h* J4 m
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
$ R- u$ R: t4 Y2 E4 s( n& m
& Z0 ?) m$ }* O& D+ D$ U(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)- t4 d+ R/ ?3 N1 n3 ]. X) W4 H2 Y
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
