 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The# t0 @# M+ B7 ~* O6 a
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- r( D a2 z: B) ]. x& w) h7 usyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,$ { k; y9 r( {% _. [# Q' ^
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial1 H5 Q2 q: `- A0 F4 j
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
+ F/ z8 F K! H- E* Uretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).6 v- M% ]6 u) I# u. H; J
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 P' M, h$ x" D8 l- A$ a9 U[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
4 T3 [ k4 k0 |$ X(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving6 `' {4 b6 l' [, R. d2 x0 N& o
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
) r& Y8 e P4 J2 q/ Ypossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
) k, D7 G- N, p( I D: x(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two4 I+ _& ~6 W6 l8 `# u/ D! |/ a& g) u) j
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a7 I, Z1 _' a! ?9 f3 U0 r# f! a
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
5 t. u; ^8 v3 [/ V4 Iend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In% h K# A7 n) g( [8 n
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,4 q9 M( U9 Z2 P( C2 k5 Q6 g
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..( G4 D9 A" V! r
1 U! l: f! \! y5 s0 S$ }* F1 L) f3 q! Z(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)6 V# j9 Y7 Y7 K& f) P2 E1 A
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
