 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The/ q- J& D$ c" ^7 b
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the# D: p5 C' O' Z4 A
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,3 z, O- w% n( r* _
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial! Q5 ]/ T# |2 b V+ _! @$ U
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
) c `+ d; {( i6 x, s6 ~1 zretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ F, B) o4 B1 w) Y) ^/ `A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
$ e: V$ w; h) s, C4 N7 }[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]$ m$ X; m7 z/ {# U
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
: w6 l) ~ H3 a8 L# M; Kretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on3 T: o) A. q$ I( d' j/ E
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
% p0 e* G2 b8 h- A4 B(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two% B+ i" m3 t& ^) |, G: V( H; S
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a2 E3 ~/ u& e! l0 W" {* c& N7 p$ ]2 t
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# Z! F( D T5 l# v8 ]
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
. \/ W; B0 R5 f! T6 e+ b9 y5 ~compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ I2 r2 }8 c) v" w" i8 i" Gthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
m8 R6 F ?/ C1 p B* u5 O5 }. F( _6 P% |& k- F7 u9 v% g6 ~
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
4 Y- ^2 R% {8 O% a1 sand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
