 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 l8 y2 h/ k3 N9 Y% u8 BInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the! S7 d- d$ |& F& }7 t& t8 P
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 T, w$ C- X/ V, A" P `8 b6 Xand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
" D5 t+ L' u. s' g+ u% L(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of& X. ?' F; _7 U& I7 W! V: n
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
( b* C+ p$ s0 b. a* g' B$ H7 ^! |2 HA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 o! j* |. e' I6 E[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
* v4 x2 B6 D) p(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
+ o3 P/ g8 [. Z1 qretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on8 E- [% j: T/ Y# v
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset3 J, Z; V8 b* s `
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
- q0 C0 C- v+ ^# x. u* _segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
7 D/ T8 f5 }; N6 }: a' |6 ksemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
# X. X6 C" a4 p$ k/ Y. Wend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In5 w$ i; o1 b$ U6 h" A
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
, F" ]1 b' W# e1 F# Vthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
$ |. T7 G% r* x/ w' r5 C
s, n2 }1 k6 @1 a. m, U2 ~& y( h, c(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
7 {7 X$ t A1 X8 d- {' Cand American speakers of English, |
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