 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
+ H8 {4 o/ I8 y& j9 kInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the3 @9 s' S& P, m' h
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
# H' V+ I) A6 ]2 Z; F; @: Vand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial: [% z7 \% M7 C+ l
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
- N) f. u9 I1 u; ^2 N' r& \retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
: O" e5 S4 n) \' QA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=# O4 k+ b8 ^5 i7 j( k
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]: j4 Q4 H* Y: R; }' ^1 d3 c+ b
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
1 K. i+ E$ [, J6 I* jretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
& N L0 N+ u8 ]$ npossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
4 i# ]3 G3 B4 _3 ]& _/ v(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two8 _' q% J, _6 r) e' i
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a/ B# q* ?1 J8 n4 G
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.4 m# i0 B' [& r! L/ V! O" G8 ~
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In2 H' ^, _- I# O' y/ p
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
% i% C# D5 V- R0 A6 Fthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.." i6 c* A6 u( n4 ~
) s, m4 C4 @" d n(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
4 ?: |7 K) N: W. f3 d4 t! U+ Q7 @and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
