 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The- p$ G0 ~/ j9 B) |
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the+ g1 n9 C7 Z1 `; X7 y
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
! l" S5 U6 s0 _* _and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
$ Q% v+ l' ]5 t4 n: T. d: r5 i2 H0 V(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
2 s7 p* Q3 U9 u$ {retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).) d+ x' P- ^! h- @* x+ {8 G) h
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=) F' T* _3 ]1 R* w0 G, s
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
, A' e# ]) ]% N. Y9 E) j: p8 o! X% h(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
5 B4 t. l+ I9 J( fretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
. c0 q$ v) d$ S9 k% Y5 e" lpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset- E% b3 G* r/ @& K0 K
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
6 `5 f2 K8 L( i6 gsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
3 }0 [/ ~! G1 y1 fsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.5 l/ j7 F9 C; a' W2 V( T! Y' r
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
, Q+ A# o# `6 Ocompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
( b+ s3 l& s. V! Tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
+ ]% y" b* w( ] A3 v
3 `! V& n; a- s' L N(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)2 d5 F4 G, q* S; P" |, k
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
