 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The* w& S& Z% ^* D! q
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
) L% V9 R5 j. j/ jsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,+ r+ @6 V7 P& I5 [
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
8 \- x4 f4 Y/ x1 G6 t, ~' i(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, ^6 a8 n d" O |1 S! l# }/ A1 ?retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).; w F- P: O. D0 ]7 p7 _$ E
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
0 B9 d0 a h7 K. p[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]) `" M( H; `: x. ]) j3 W3 B- |
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving# r6 |6 E) ?7 U3 W3 e
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on5 K/ l' ]) H' N
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset$ L. _, h( N1 r) t* ?7 V% b
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# d& w6 d' c' k9 K( n: asegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
$ B; Q1 `# B( Gsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
( Q* d/ I7 U2 f- gend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
& e U4 @+ H4 z" icompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,8 V/ |" F2 ^2 V6 T
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..# d0 R+ O0 z. T) _0 ^" S4 f& _
7 s6 f& G5 c& x(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" v2 x2 y+ P+ j A6 b- c$ g9 }2 f8 \- Oand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
