 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The- \: T3 _$ |$ e' I2 w
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the( \. z" z. g8 e# R
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
5 @) q3 {8 r6 h; j" e+ Aand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial: o4 p! C, X" H L, ]4 T$ `6 d
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
4 [9 y6 `4 w% ?+ k3 vretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).3 E( F7 Q5 C" J8 ~& A
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! B+ V) V3 E; ^; R& J; `: C" K9 J$ a+ }, S
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
) w- L2 [' B" ~; N: p(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving( Q& a8 M @3 L' o7 t+ v4 ]5 a! {
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ j3 z" X9 r: [6 I/ c% o0 B
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
: T) K! W. s7 w6 Y$ {(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
) g$ i# [% x0 f. F0 x2 F% i% ]segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a8 k- Y/ A* a! M, @: s7 A
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
. ^8 @+ U# b, L" i, o# b' d8 ?end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
7 v* }1 K& N- U1 P8 p6 U, Q0 xcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,, Z, y- L/ j0 G. e! ?& i2 _
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..$ B* J, W2 [6 y5 r0 \
7 e1 l( O/ q$ a6 ]- J( t$ t: k(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch). x5 {$ G" q, l7 \+ B+ Y: X
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
