 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The! B7 H& x" A" ?) d9 ^4 N* B
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the$ l R8 p/ E, X0 T% B: N
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' y- ?8 x, b- v6 h
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial2 x8 d. O( y, o* Y. ^, G
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
1 b! l; a# i+ a% [6 y8 N( nretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).4 {, e- @, R8 a$ G8 {/ \ |
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
& L* p: |3 D! `+ l- {[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
~& |* v- d$ Y" v) b(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving; v- @" h7 `9 u5 ~3 ]
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on8 s4 Y1 E5 ~( E
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
4 |# _: m+ |$ M(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two" z! U4 A# L E9 m2 m1 b" z$ k
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
- I. M( H8 H' lsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
1 |# O* z. N' Z4 d' zend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
% k: w( r8 U2 A+ P1 Z$ qcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,# ]3 v2 _1 G. w* Z; ] a
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..- m, E1 {# V! v3 b7 \) ]& i
% f5 K/ k7 [6 r# n# A
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)! f* W- n! [6 \
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
