 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The. S/ `5 ]) y& k& \6 ]0 `3 h
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
# |' E" |; n1 Asyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,( D4 P) P8 A D! v, ^
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
+ b& }, j( w& P# b, {; D; n(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of+ F8 n9 O: I, p. o1 z# k' z' V, r& T
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ c9 d: u# c3 a) @; B* i! l8 G# {A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
( I3 a# ?* `$ ~0 w& q9 r8 p[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]$ o- C2 Z8 J+ D! l9 c7 f
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 r' F9 E% l+ c5 r, U8 V' u* _retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
, ]" [+ l4 d. Ppossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset: X0 y& C. z* |* U, R
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two! _' j) X F! x1 i# X( D
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a8 d+ |* h& g7 ^5 X! o1 Y
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.* v6 e, `% @- N& b
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In. l( Y5 Y, \. C3 p) a7 W
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
* @8 B2 x" B7 W9 g- r# q: N! \& ^the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
6 E+ A" D2 r r: Q. h. V+ {+ C1 a- |8 {6 W- o
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
3 B/ f, _; ^% s- yand American speakers of English, |
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