 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The, B1 q# P0 T" z
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the7 a0 ]7 H% u: G0 d$ b" c( p% P
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,0 M, e' w" t6 i, w$ ^4 G
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial* n1 x; M8 [, `& a* M
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of, M9 v7 @6 [! q# S6 B/ d2 N
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
! O5 d3 Z0 \& k/ }. V; l7 G1 YA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=0 {) ~0 g, q. d4 s: `. k7 x
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
; w1 g, |; H, ?* V4 s(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
: Q/ B2 j6 J3 g' x# fretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 s4 d) o2 K6 E
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset! I/ ]7 x% {" D7 O. |- {
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two# R# i) m9 z3 N
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
! Q) ?9 [* r1 Z4 ]" n1 qsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.8 B: k, j: k8 n0 W: o/ @
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In; F& I/ w2 k# P( n/ I) d
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
. \0 M5 S0 l* l; S) u6 g- o, q8 ~4 a& Ethe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..4 o1 F' E6 F$ E8 G7 k& g6 O( F$ W
4 ]% L7 o$ n% O6 ?(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
! z9 ~' V% \6 F3 ?5 Z) e( a$ f4 f. q6 eand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
