 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
: o- j! z, V8 g3 U0 @% v1 g- UInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 @' i% i+ H: H. |7 [0 r
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
5 E/ a# I3 ?8 pand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
& K0 X8 t& ^0 `8 {6 l: U(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of- H s4 o7 o9 P/ }& o1 ^; [
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).' P6 k8 B$ @: |- `8 g$ ?. l2 b5 U
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
+ C8 W6 }- v" f+ m" C5 T[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
4 y" T& E7 Q5 o; c5 r(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
9 ~9 v/ o, q8 \retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
/ b" I, p6 M7 G) M( E8 Xpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset5 e/ P# [" }% M4 E4 [' S- b
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
1 o; r& ]9 e7 M& ~9 `& V, \5 ~- a7 xsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
: v; y i% x# t+ b9 h" bsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.6 T& z5 F' _" |% _' E6 o' H
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In* Z- p7 W- J5 M$ }8 H: ~
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,4 ~9 K8 J; J6 h6 x
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..9 `3 E& J6 g! a' ]3 F
. h0 u/ g5 a+ r(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
: ?/ y! ^9 F% A1 B, Zand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
