 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The4 {0 d; L% K3 k. X7 G
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the3 J3 r/ H2 s( Y$ \+ w! ^
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
- f3 S3 x$ L' u/ }$ p) n* N- |- land uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial$ ?7 O( l1 ^: h$ H7 {
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
! o; a) t3 h' d8 L# C kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
* [; {) v# X# s+ K$ D7 d& zA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
: n$ y5 \5 z! A: |) h- I[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
9 e7 z; m2 ]5 U _(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
) C( b$ Q8 z( o$ j7 @# L. H H3 I2 }retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on' W4 w7 J: G) P) \( m" \& E1 K1 T* E
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
8 E" P' P# R) s6 X7 H(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
! ^$ l" I/ E$ r6 P- Rsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a% [3 Q' z) }: j$ h
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.4 ]: N M, J4 H# p2 O; l
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In& c, P; I# x& m8 N& @0 @3 x+ [8 h
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
5 p& P, j% g% l& }the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
9 H/ [0 b) [# k3 ~) u) ]
9 A* F9 K. A5 ^+ l) L, N(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
: u" q8 } \! i6 ^+ Tand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
