 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The2 L1 \' W# M2 b" f- c, w9 W
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the& i8 n8 e6 F" }6 ?; _5 S. K; ?
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
9 g" ]% i. l, O4 r+ O9 Y7 y, w6 Iand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial ]+ l/ [/ A( t6 J- Q; d$ E
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of" t3 l' Z; D: {0 M
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 ^7 u5 J% L1 B a6 KA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
4 A. m8 V6 N9 n# r& k5 ^' p[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 E L _# _$ w
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
2 _2 M) }3 I0 A" L0 qretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
, u K: A e: u" ?. `* Y5 hpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
2 l0 D% A' a! `5 Y" d* `4 ^(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two, A+ D, j# s% j K" U9 ^
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
, E) J: M! i, L; s9 c8 N( H5 P* @semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.) @3 f8 s7 N9 u3 @2 R# m z" k
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In7 @+ V R/ j$ H3 e# ?- o
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
4 E$ x, T6 }) Y8 i4 p/ M& J% L7 jthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..( o. H( a; i# u% z. L4 X/ G
, k# M( v1 E% r3 \, x
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)7 B7 d. z# `6 i z6 _9 t
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
