 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The2 o1 @) Z' e) d9 _% j
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
3 p4 _# s1 k; N* |syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
: [, i2 ], C+ d# s, u* r# z1 V( qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
" A7 {. `# c% v9 o3 L(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
# {8 a/ v) }4 r( E" s6 Vretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).) D" p! _+ W; B l
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=$ M. v5 @* g, F2 Z b- N& O1 g
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
: t$ f4 N9 s$ k6 N- u+ v(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving, E, Y& Y) G* S2 ^" {+ \- e
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
! G( g) z/ K/ f2 f8 F& ]0 `possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
5 Q, O- V$ k) a(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
! O/ N; m: P0 N9 c* {segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
- ^% a3 K y/ B7 q5 Tsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
1 E4 c2 Q* ~! b/ l) z! F x; cend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In4 ]$ j1 C+ R2 O& M5 w+ `- m! P
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
4 l: k+ ]8 N$ y4 @9 r) l( C v3 Cthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
5 i) w. K' A/ ]8 @; f4 ^$ g) L- u! [/ e4 n' `
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
0 g' ~$ x' g* M" @8 B Eand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
