 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
5 v/ g5 G1 D2 |( u, `3 N4 KInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the, F- j9 v2 {7 k9 M8 q* j
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,; [* s0 E2 B, r) K( k. T# d; ?% c
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
* t+ q3 a' G2 H" h% N: z(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of; S: b `* A+ ]9 }
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).2 {5 b* n/ `) D: S
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=# X( D6 s2 ~$ M _0 I1 z
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
/ L5 t6 ~& C( H$ G- L: }+ x+ h(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
7 y% x+ k8 T e$ p; vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 m: {* ^0 L% ]0 a8 {: [
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset2 J& m! ]- Q+ K0 i. a
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
& r7 [" f$ H7 t5 Bsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a4 q! T d+ F N3 _; Z0 o4 S# k6 b
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 s6 k0 l0 ^* f5 s- ?end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
4 c/ y' O! E3 g; G$ ~6 x2 jcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,2 |3 B1 s% [" e6 _
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..& `5 z; q2 a1 A$ h% ~! b2 a
8 G9 f$ X9 D7 \( i0 P- g
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch): R, [/ p* v+ }2 S$ y- p8 m
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
