 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The4 g! E! v' |3 b+ ?8 E
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% l } D' Z; D
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
5 l, x0 f" ~2 f7 _and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial; s2 H; ?. \" U! V1 R& J
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
6 n0 z, B9 J" ?& i0 @retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). N1 T* C) P- Q0 a% N
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! m8 U' E" O' k) |
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]- S8 o+ J, |1 a: g
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! i7 K& p" C v: rretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
) C! J8 D2 m* ^5 _possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
: G. A9 G# ~* `! a- B0 T(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
3 q2 ]0 Y6 o( E% W! hsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a. P) |; r" t4 @; M( k& _8 v- l7 |
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 m; {6 d; `+ e1 E7 lend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
! F! E$ W% A `" i1 _9 G2 A7 X0 xcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
; H9 F" V# G* h7 h* q% K/ Tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..4 F D" ]0 r4 p9 ]
$ n* ~; C6 _$ S! O(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
, J* c3 @# @+ `; }! R! n& ~7 kand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
