 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The( k+ @# D5 w- a) `
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the- z4 q8 c& Z: p u" z; S
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
" a/ S8 K3 |" t# B; |and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
1 S& Q& i) Z4 b/ g3 z5 A4 i0 D8 C(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
A! D) l8 L" ~+ _' p4 A9 Nretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).) {# D0 K a2 [
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=, H4 X+ R3 D( a
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 x1 T8 S+ F8 X! L
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
8 Q/ z5 ]4 g- Y) e% ~/ g+ n2 xretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on: A" W6 f" R% _, a! N
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset2 h1 {6 Y* ?- J2 j) A9 _* N! y
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
: n R: ~- t u+ O) zsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a: R+ N, ]$ z0 W; n
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
/ N/ G+ ]7 ^3 r9 Kend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: v; x$ K7 t1 e. r
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,# @9 C) r4 j+ H5 s x, O& r3 Y
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
# Z5 Y# t2 Z' G& C5 i5 l
/ d; q, T/ X8 c' P# ^& x(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" H! X! [8 n6 e7 Fand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
