 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The' h! ~ e# ?9 m" g6 o6 \1 Z
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
# i K0 F' B4 c5 g$ F' usyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
4 X9 p* N C8 dand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
2 f I# W0 ~2 f" X0 [* m(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
P, s1 Q( g0 Zretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
/ Q+ u, h7 X3 ?4 n }6 @A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=$ @5 s* |/ N- ?* n7 G r8 X. r
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]6 d# t8 r9 ?2 W; F3 |0 l4 L' _
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving' I! j; p" P5 a" r
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
/ j) f, v9 s+ y ]& j0 i4 c% ~possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
) l' \% b2 e, U% J+ S(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# u# H7 t9 e! @% {( jsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
; ^, e5 t, q; g- G( Lsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.7 v" x$ A$ Y* ^" w5 n
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
: Q; Y/ [5 Q! K) Xcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
7 f. |1 [: Z9 C( t+ c2 `7 ^the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
7 g% N& M3 s1 d6 A1 P6 d- j! }& O* [0 g1 x. k. }. @5 ]
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
- w, I; n- M% m( d- | @: @and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
