 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 y6 K: |5 G, J7 u6 v$ ^Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the. m8 [% A! F8 U# P/ @
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,- S* j0 r$ m2 z/ M, |
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
1 M2 M+ z S$ F* q* j4 s- Q+ z(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of7 C& ]. F& Y! o. F3 D
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
6 \! y' B c+ a8 N6 I" gA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=) j! P- h/ H# X9 v
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]0 w) b5 U' I3 {
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& J% _$ u3 m; E6 u( Z: a
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
0 J0 D5 P) @( Q3 f6 s; Z2 Q8 _: ppossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. h) c* H g$ D! X
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
2 T4 \+ B) p) s' h& J5 \: Zsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
8 K& r0 u) m7 A* g* l- Q) zsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.- L* f; E4 R" ~, j# y9 R0 Y& G
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; L* P6 I0 f% N7 J1 ]; Gcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,' g+ Z% [# u% K6 k* d- T" o6 _$ q
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..9 b0 O8 Q2 Q" n J& {0 H5 Q! x- Z" X
; g4 h' d$ n# s2 V, W(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
- q7 Q( e: \# E+ uand American speakers of English, |
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