 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
+ ?# D# ]- F7 ^/ Y4 y# j( |- uInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
, O9 Q, ?0 J3 p Esyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,/ Y+ |% @$ h1 [! b" E
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial' U! x* i) O4 f6 Q( e" ?
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of! X/ f! j1 r. L2 P3 B2 @
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).. }) e5 t! h% d" d2 A
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=+ G; d/ i4 z+ e( Q8 ^/ ^
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]8 w/ Y! }2 z% U7 X: \6 j+ K
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving% w, s3 ^# r* x% }: |
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on! Q) p% k& B: F# ]% C: c( t
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. O& F p6 u' i0 X: H3 ?) P6 p
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two8 C: E4 l) \7 D' W
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a+ c0 X+ b; B3 S* ?! J
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.: A1 B3 @! K/ @9 S3 \
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
: o5 k# D3 y. B& e1 pcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,% ?# ~7 b" B& h0 i9 V# l m
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..' D0 b Y3 P& o8 w
9 B' B; Z+ v! q% C; T0 m(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
: _1 R1 J( \' `, v1 U2 Nand American speakers of English, |
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