 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
. q3 z8 \5 {) f/ mInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the# f: t, M% a! ]
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& D7 J P, U: B. K9 C& X
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial, E* S9 E, n4 C# L
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of0 C) z: f/ q- H$ R. H# ~. A2 C
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
. Z9 r' ~7 \7 F9 V9 L1 |A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
# M3 ~9 C8 G3 |6 }( r7 S' s% B[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
2 m/ k ~0 L' W: Z3 C6 P! N(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving9 k ?, I/ E4 n" C8 u1 S( @
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on y2 g7 T7 i, f
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
5 W2 o0 U% w* E% s(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two g8 w& G" }; N4 Z ~. o4 |! c7 f7 V
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a) [( G! d% U0 L2 e: r
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
" J! X! f3 ^2 O9 W! h! d5 D, nend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
! Q" P$ y3 Y. e" }( a7 F3 j& fcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
8 ~/ \+ Q8 E+ Athe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
( z: z* m( P$ g V5 X6 G, v, Y+ {3 ]; H- |
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
+ w- w% b) c1 b" Qand American speakers of English, |
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