 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The0 E' E3 l3 w3 i% {7 ^/ C
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the* _8 P. f) n B, q" q, ]
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
" _0 `4 p8 r1 `4 ~8 A1 N- zand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
( u% ^+ \1 V: u" t+ b. l8 k(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
6 F$ x, b9 d" Kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).& Y* |- E9 m- O3 Y! x# X
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
* r i9 q3 s9 i+ c6 Q/ ~; T! C/ n4 l[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]& }: i/ O# e+ Q- Y: X3 o& B
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving: H' H. R: I8 V0 ]
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 C1 C2 u2 O ?9 L; j9 B
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
0 \+ R" G4 y/ y' T* g6 D& C(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two# y/ B0 s7 c+ l8 P7 {$ v
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a6 P! W2 K4 ~* K, m8 q) `
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
2 U; L- _& Y0 c# K( [end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In7 v; e# l A) g; w. N
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,4 Y9 W7 E& Z4 N0 q% {0 D7 \
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
' F0 A, R Q3 N6 m/ X* T1 r/ p, u) X
7 I# t9 {4 v2 @: K d N' k/ H(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
- e! S" e6 d6 j5 n1 B# x' i6 ~and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
