 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The0 r# {! v" q3 ~
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
1 \) {$ N1 [+ ^, h. n2 b+ osyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,0 n! M8 Y" Q9 F7 A" n" e
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 w& O7 X# E' P# m( Q(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
8 K( `5 h0 s1 r& k) Iretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)./ Z5 I& @9 I( b. y; p! {: q: u
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
) V- P/ K7 l* Z) c/ b0 u# u[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]) d; I+ m, z6 b, W8 |2 w4 D
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& c* e, T: ]; Z7 u
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on/ J7 z% g9 H; w" H
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset' O; F1 J1 i8 z* F5 o
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
$ Y6 j6 _$ i; F$ j9 \- vsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
; k/ E" T5 Z; qsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
/ o. X5 z3 ?5 V: J7 f3 y( nend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
1 x8 j6 R9 k) Pcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,, O. p+ ?" s9 o; o% ^
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..2 R( m* p( _2 r
6 z+ t/ ]; p' ~. F+ G
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch); _* h" G& e" P$ [( s8 b
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
