鲜花( 0) 鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The* W1 d8 ?. b/ }, x
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the- }+ y1 Y4 E1 S4 B+ [1 U& ~1 K
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
( R9 h. ]8 J. n; x1 {% P/ r1 Land uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
" Y4 n0 @( @$ f/ L( m* A# D& G(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of) P; s3 w" o& |% A e$ b; X2 R$ O8 S
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).1 D5 Y4 u* g& w B3 }
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=) _( z6 r5 [8 a8 ?, p" ^9 R
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
* X) {: {4 t- ^(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving) }' [7 T% `0 {3 h# E- r/ @7 L) K
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
% ?& S# K: U( M* p1 G3 [possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
5 s3 l. h0 X2 o% q(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# {- S7 Z' J3 W4 ]6 Isegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a$ O( U0 E" r; d% X* M
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
4 N4 z4 ?4 V! w# {end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( o% I# `# s1 Q& g2 }6 @compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,* b2 s1 L8 ^( \4 D& p" Z
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
3 t& T0 f- F: m' k9 S, k5 ~% U
6 H4 i% G. J6 h( U(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
& |6 c! A3 w5 Hand American speakers of English, |
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