 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
: q+ s w1 w- s' h& N/ |5 BInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the' O# X% ]" g w- s9 n7 X, Q- I) b
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
* t" A8 q4 A! [# \& Jand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ \1 `1 @; l4 q5 Z* P, V, }
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
9 f! J# W' E# b& W* Fretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
( V. D( n- C' ~3 a0 xA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=; _0 D( G, \1 a. z, c# P6 V. L
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
; X2 k& e& f% S(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving, w! b8 l- |/ f' F6 J- z, [9 z
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
+ H$ ?+ c6 {2 x# G, P' C% Fpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset9 C/ I' c4 Z Z" r7 G. Y4 x
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two$ N/ R5 X0 y* N Z, r/ w# W9 O3 }
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
1 ~* K. e' v: l& }semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e./ f! O, U6 u6 q0 a+ ?$ ^
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
|% Z' q; m+ F6 Z; g' J1 dcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
3 Q0 Y/ g; Z- C3 h: F) q1 {5 ?the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..8 }' x7 N+ W1 ^7 a; K8 p8 m! o
( C8 d! w0 A+ b(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)* X2 l1 r6 \# \( J) Q7 U
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
