 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
: T+ _) [" Y% j7 GInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
" C4 L0 S! e" x4 x* G$ m% Q H+ j5 Isyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,1 K, G# k9 c, c2 _
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
0 ]% u- T& e9 c(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of/ f4 L4 J/ }8 [# E; a4 a
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)./ Z- i/ Z8 v- |1 T3 _$ |7 P8 K7 |
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=2 L" I' r g/ b1 ^$ r$ w
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
2 |/ h; j: _) f& G" F(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
. B7 U- J, L% w# yretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
7 e- E5 N' p2 g, {possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset: I1 E: W( t! l3 j% |
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
) v% e! I- r t' p- y& Nsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a# I0 |) Y! d. b, F1 h" s0 e0 R( K
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
, O+ \* [3 p2 X2 a% Vend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: A* l) }2 y1 `& p, g# I' y8 [
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,: S1 r! ~8 E+ j& ?; {' J
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..7 N M! r. I, M3 y
9 I' f, E% }% e, K: M
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)) [2 ]: s/ z/ ~# W: N# ^
and American speakers of English, |
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