 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The% D7 y, p8 L; b! F* b J$ U n
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- S( f& a$ _9 Q2 I2 _) q2 G6 }6 q8 wsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,/ g8 f: }3 D5 I3 E. X f# ^
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ a5 r1 J0 v; \. t4 y
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of( k+ f5 F. w& i. ]- u' p7 h
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).( ] ^* B& m2 w3 }6 R: V$ D
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
% g# v5 |( z J3 ~4 G[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]* t: l, l0 ~" J
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving7 i( r# x, }# P- S) d1 M9 j
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
2 ]" s8 d6 S2 e3 A, Upossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# K5 l9 G) i& }( ~+ a
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two4 V2 d H- m; i' T7 Z
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a. ]7 m/ y5 @6 f. ^8 f% |; V
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
' ^! s9 w- {# t& {end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
$ y' `, \* E$ _2 acompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,) _& O2 v9 }5 j9 o: I4 Z6 f L
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
4 e' R8 C# a& x U: ]# a, \
$ k* q3 |0 e3 s% i) f' `(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
; x2 F/ {# D, ?2 ~+ X$ A$ D2 Vand American speakers of English, |
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