 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
) W* ]$ @& g- U" L4 @7 U- {Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
' c" p9 N9 N" n$ D& }7 V7 s$ ysyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,% G' ` |' X8 Q; @+ ~
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
( X; p, x; o4 W: ~2 T( C(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
/ t- c) t5 g+ u$ f8 mretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).' U1 x6 S; Z6 l# f
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
$ z( D* i# ^2 c[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]5 `# c* y: J8 S
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving7 t* V8 W$ u6 p3 x3 |
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on" {# l' Q7 f* @) E+ m6 P& i& @& `
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
/ O( ?1 A' ]& b0 t(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
1 k/ y3 V' g! x; T' c9 ^1 y$ Xsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a0 d% Z/ E: P4 J) U( b7 S
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.8 v+ l- M1 T: v1 T5 F
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
" ~* B B4 A7 G3 w7 {6 r2 d5 ^compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
: `0 Z# Z4 L* L2 K2 c7 X; lthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..3 o0 ^* e! U) l, Z. F
" {2 m) I8 q4 }4 T+ F
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)8 }2 Z" u- ^7 k L2 Q* {
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
