 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The- W9 O/ _# s5 e. H0 |0 _
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the; n/ e. F# L" b5 e( z5 ~
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
: E: E/ ~. N1 e. e. Q0 _and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial6 W" r2 H* g* }1 K5 \) Z4 w
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of( g5 z" a, a1 U, X
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
0 w5 ?/ ]4 Y) q, @1 G1 K+ M$ m7 l" l jA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
4 l& {$ P" z: \) {; G2 b1 N[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
% h h; t. u, k6 t3 }8 h(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving" J6 `; z h) `0 X! X$ _
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
9 r1 m9 K! @8 B7 @& ^* V' lpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
. ^3 z/ w3 _; ?: o. V, s(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two6 S6 U+ ^5 u( X9 _3 b7 \; z* m8 D i
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
0 X5 T. k7 s3 O% D/ usemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
" F) }( t1 H1 @3 J6 f8 Oend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
' A8 @% i' o" @8 l" Hcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
7 e- o* F: i1 V) @ d" v* T4 o2 ]2 xthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..3 B5 _: E0 O% Q! b2 h$ D
8 M1 I0 Z# ~+ W* J(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)' f: J# r% c$ }9 o% s5 k, P, e
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
