 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) ]+ D" \2 u. x) a0 }" {0 p# [
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
1 `) \4 y2 W% z8 [3 d. A8 T$ i# tsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,6 r5 I$ O/ \3 ]
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial2 x# n d7 [* t0 T1 ~5 f: n! c, F
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
8 O3 K7 @. U, Wretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).3 ^; i4 J z; x$ l: K+ _! Y
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=; }* a3 V6 @6 D: [$ F
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 P4 V7 S- d+ C W, d* e ?(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 w2 F/ O5 k8 sretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on: N5 d# a3 g$ l0 F6 T. j
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
( `9 E. A1 G+ \0 `+ S(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: J( p0 k z$ `) i2 s2 q
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a& C* ?! B% h) j* o( T" X2 X5 }. I- [
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 y: p5 @# y+ r6 b1 _end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
- q+ ? s9 O% a5 ^* v9 n% g& A6 Rcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
}2 V+ p, @ w5 [2 Hthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..$ t; T- N8 \! h0 m: [( B5 W
+ ^! {' X. k. n: Y1 C H' }(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)8 A. Q8 @) E, a! w5 t; N
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
