 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 t v# P( ]) W) g" A: E+ w5 mInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the( F+ L9 w, ?" Y9 M& |
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
; N' k6 [! T: C. X1 `and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial3 u: y0 I, d N2 r7 {4 Z! b Z
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, L, G: }3 J' q; tretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)./ a, ]0 N9 D4 y5 {, p2 J1 l, T
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
' K# X+ Q5 p6 \% d[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]9 s Z% }/ X' r X! M
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving4 M$ z2 D! x" _* {0 N
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on: P/ B' E$ \! I+ I; N
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset, Z# R4 {7 y0 j* |
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two+ w' ?6 U d: _% X" k/ O, }
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
9 p @7 p% Z& Q" Q$ l" a9 g$ J7 Usemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e./ i% g) x2 Z# l7 O6 b' v" k0 Z& O
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In+ q) Z9 o: d; T3 X4 }
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
& N. S7 y" [% x/ J2 i, Ithe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..# N( `: T6 Z- b
+ x4 J! s' a: k1 m1 {(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
2 _1 ~! H8 F3 u Aand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
