 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
3 N0 L) w0 K* R4 y" b q; { xInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
* p" k- S$ b" u% v8 `1 Xsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,. g, j/ _$ A) t
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
. c* T' D$ f4 u m2 j(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of" j) s) \9 \! ^& X( b
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
! L9 g/ R) R1 \' x( ~) G* c5 i1 v% ?A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
) P( O! V; k0 o$ g# H7 Z* u[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
|! y% k f* _7 F9 W(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& h. ^2 W, k6 i. P% f2 D4 l
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
7 \% O7 M8 ~ {* |" @3 F2 S! ^. g& Jpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
$ A8 ]+ `# U. z% q# i+ d(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two5 `; D1 K# b. t q
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
* a; x# T, g; [" w: Dsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
3 j, H s9 r2 j' h4 Z/ t$ send with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
5 i: t& V9 j( G4 V3 T' e4 N: b( R3 z, _compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,4 h: i: O' }- }3 O
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..& R. E. e4 W9 d/ E8 D
6 y$ G0 L' u$ A1 B5 r5 G/ g7 r8 V0 R
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
0 q1 t" F( h( ?+ D# b4 i$ c, yand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
