 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
+ y5 _; q5 d1 n: ~7 W; H, c& FInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the7 A `# w% h4 m" q7 z
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,! C6 P8 N% s" Q
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial& v! c9 k D" t
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of9 h8 X# u$ l w9 |0 P4 Q7 C
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
- b i1 ]- y1 Y) B. _A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
: H W0 D) v3 A" p1 j[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
, G& e3 f5 Q7 e. Z(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving, F1 g: Z4 d4 `9 H6 c
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on- K5 A! b; Z, a A7 D+ U$ K! z. J! d
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
1 [; v3 ?) O: }5 J4 o5 S1 b+ u8 z( Z(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two; m; J; L+ g5 c. n8 u, t
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a P+ T4 W& Z+ L2 n. @7 `
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.8 W* U% m+ e# g
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In, H2 f5 \: x1 z ]
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
, t; Y5 P( @- `# V2 _! H2 V, Othe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
7 ?0 I- J+ }; v2 E% {" B
$ q) D8 Z. g+ M. S+ d j3 ^) W8 L(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
8 ^: h% n6 B) m0 @- b+ Xand American speakers of English, |
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