 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The4 k ~ B" j; H* N! N/ n0 v
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
$ y) o7 A: V+ s9 Lsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& {; r7 u' d3 h5 E z8 b) c. E5 W
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 z& a, d8 T7 E! r [(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
. u: w4 R& V4 Rretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 i% u! Z# Z+ N% N* NA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
7 e& j& s$ F" _. k- Z# \7 u[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
* Q# j6 A2 h4 ^(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving( O+ P$ I* {+ } M$ D( j
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on5 E1 x$ Q0 a0 U' @& h/ v) C# `
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
9 [; w! ^5 c* D9 i5 J/ q; i(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
* n/ l( v! c5 c2 V+ l; ^! P% ssegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
( k9 X Q& f6 g% e2 n9 {3 wsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.- ^3 k+ @/ Y0 i3 ?2 p- w3 ]) |
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; d4 M( {6 I0 q9 K1 ?compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,8 Z: L) [" t5 K7 N
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
, Q- j; w {6 t+ z2 R
& E/ Z8 Z5 W% r& q# g4 [2 q(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 D4 q; K0 I& a. y; Z6 I
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
