 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The/ {# j% o5 ~1 R: P( n( R7 P
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the# d" [' j' w/ l2 \* z& z/ C* X
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,7 z, D. U! T! Y. g! }. u
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial/ x ` ~! L# a
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
) t# o8 ]4 W" x- Jretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
9 [( J/ c: Q' l3 c+ v# TA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=- ~' E; h+ _. u) G9 H0 T
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
9 S c- i& `! k: m/ j) O! Q/ a2 ^(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving* P5 X9 n& L3 b& b* j1 ?# i
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
3 v! f2 A( O. \+ e( w; Cpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
1 p9 v6 |0 l/ }, t/ o(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
( a m U8 I" x' p, D& v4 jsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
, e$ X' v# f- m# isemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.4 l7 [7 o6 [" \5 Y) m, C& G3 e+ ~
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
7 k+ _2 c0 }6 ~compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,) Q: `# ^; R- H
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
$ d8 w7 |! T$ y; b7 r9 X' \: x* m
P7 e+ p6 ]1 b! m4 h6 N" ~ g$ d; W(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
) R; P! T- H- q# P* y b! u/ w, oand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
