 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
' a. M' u+ K& A2 J1 d6 XInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the4 c! j/ f8 t" ?! L! e
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
' l P5 J. s6 w+ E+ Y/ jand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial: ?4 ?. U! d% [+ J+ v$ f& i& {
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
1 f3 |+ B4 \* A3 `9 `retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).& t" N+ a2 {$ i( J6 }! q
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
' `$ y' [/ [9 u. X4 H* Z% q _4 }[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
^0 Z7 e" f5 O* _' Y(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
7 g% k0 ` b: m, c8 t) lretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
' M+ X# \6 p+ B. S1 D, _0 e7 G0 W, Upossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset3 n0 K# x r! _+ F
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two2 E( s' H- ]0 P/ y, c
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
; g6 @4 T: x$ L' d' s0 lsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
( u% Y, x1 H1 X4 M% x: O* Mend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In0 d, i( E; q. h b. h2 e
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,; N( Q, Z, L2 I6 [) b
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..9 N: W0 g0 k7 P: F% ]& n
' h* m8 b1 q0 ]3 J. b4 `9 u/ M
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
) N; J; X/ S' {; N- b* @- mand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
