 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
9 i7 J, @! ~9 t. T: JInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
" w) ]% Q' u |6 S* S/ bsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
; u, j8 l7 r. x- E1 kand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial- ]/ z! p3 X+ o2 l
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of5 P4 G, l& f. G
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).; a: H2 q8 }! b9 u3 N
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
! }$ s0 l0 d+ R, ?$ g* A' F5 N4 G[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]: M- Q( O7 `5 F- N$ ^2 F1 I
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
. ~+ j$ r. I( {& K% W+ ]: _* Gretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
5 |* N7 l d; ~% v9 `1 z z7 U& zpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
8 E# Z& G( s& ~4 K3 a F" O( k1 l(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: H* h4 w3 W( A+ M
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a2 i/ u% ?5 g% [
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 M5 F; {' u+ u5 B1 g& uend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In6 W; _' z! S! S% l2 p0 t7 `% n
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
! s5 I( v2 F/ N% @, zthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
9 u1 y2 s( B. a/ W) P/ g; S7 B( s4 x( v' Y) ^/ ?. }: T$ Q1 u2 q6 P( T0 e* b
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch), j- ]2 ^4 S0 H2 I+ S
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
