 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
1 P) ?: R- W# LInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 H! B( C/ ~" q# E8 P4 Y" psyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 O4 P- N* s' s: xand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
1 M+ ?# l' H3 P$ R! g I. ` r$ O(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
6 o7 [+ ^2 ~2 a4 mretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).0 N, l& r+ M5 w; c
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (= g9 [: u" z# A$ U6 B
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
+ ^9 e9 h% q0 m' @$ d: ](phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving: x i8 ]/ ~! o" ^" S3 A, C
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on# V" l) k0 V0 a* V$ Q
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
% P Z) y) P6 p9 h, w% W% o(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
' d) [4 g! B. d/ |segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
4 [; U! |8 l0 V X# K9 Usemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# Y9 B& ?0 Q. ]6 N
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In! X1 o' K$ c3 u a F
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,: V2 g# a) p7 u+ K) E( n$ h8 _
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
0 Z R0 M& Z1 _) a" G% [4 x$ r5 s k2 Y# J7 Q: L
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)" q1 U( {) A+ a( A; |( S& z, ?, t
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
