 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The' u; _; E& E1 Q$ J. ]" g
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
2 T) b0 y0 Q! h1 r9 T0 Csyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
3 ?) Z+ \9 I; W$ {) A6 U5 Iand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial$ [: x2 s2 z: |4 o1 V& e
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of+ I1 Q; S8 S6 h" ?9 v% j1 T
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
" Y; ^$ W5 R3 z& l0 iA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
4 m+ }, ^3 s6 |& p. l[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
. Z5 Q6 A4 G; _' R; w(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
2 f% b8 A- E- I5 Bretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ c# N6 l% H7 r+ p9 U
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset$ B: g6 o- l( V5 U- K, K
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two* C s \& J4 b& L$ @; ?1 i( D0 T/ ^
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
S P: g1 P" N! E0 Z9 w; I" vsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e./ t% R6 p4 V/ @0 O2 U
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
9 E' y, g3 t3 S& {. D6 m, ^% Rcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,; Q5 x+ E+ k+ X+ r
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
# }1 o5 K4 Y) ~9 `6 P8 c' L! j+ U( X0 Q* D& I; Y) U
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)) r6 x' d( @6 o6 X2 e
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
