 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
# @" H) I- \7 q' G4 v- M, rInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 u5 R0 r @) U G" J
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ Z3 Z& ]9 O- [; L$ W# j% w: aand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
, [) n7 S: L0 E1 k2 V8 Q2 W' ~) V(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of" d0 F( f9 D" i9 N5 U' f
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
. h5 V+ P% |6 T# k; ]A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=6 C2 U( B: X# ^6 ^: j. ^/ n
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]+ U0 l6 Q5 A+ h! L3 x
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
, E: _7 ~$ a2 j5 t* ?retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on& c$ Y& ?1 J. {4 f- _6 K0 X" v U
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset: o# C1 W+ O' B( w0 `* J5 e
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
: t# `! g& K8 c' Fsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a% M) ^$ F5 P1 l0 u
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.; J) B' r7 U( `. {9 ^
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In& Q4 U9 y3 D7 d
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ E; Q# ` ]+ Uthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
4 L4 ^4 B) K- ^3 R
. k0 D) |) C0 E& p6 j7 W(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)$ A, x6 G0 Q- U9 t: a7 F# z
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
