外语学习越早效果越好

McNally

科学家指出 外语学习越早效果越好

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* L) R! |; ?1 U( [, u! Z& i# w
1 J% n2 V$ W' `- T- B( V5 ]& U2005-02-17 09:23 　中安网　  
) c0 A1 X8 ]$ m9 D0 ]$ D8 N
. k7 h+ ]1 N- i: E' C9 f+ N' Z7 k　　科学家在一份最新的研究报告中指出，学说两种语言可以改变大脑结构。这一发现解释了孩子比大人能更好地掌握第二语言的原因。研究发现，说两种语言的人在大脑语言区有更多的灰质，人们学习语言越早，大脑灰质区的面积越大。

( @/ I! f! I2 A2 G6 o, X, R7 G　　伦敦学院神经学家安德里亚-迈克雷说：“相对于只说一种语言的人，能说两种语言的人大脑区域的灰质增加了。一个人在生命早期就开始学习第二种语言，这一现象会非常明显，而大脑灰质区大小与对语言的熟练程度有关系。”
# r/ @8 p& O( X* O8 N
) C, s& k: k% r! M# n! n. I　　研究结果还显示，35岁后学习另一种语言也能改变大脑结构，但这种改变不如从小时候就开始学习的人明显。迈克雷表示：“这说明语言学习早学比晚学好，因为在早期学习，大脑更容易通过改变结构来适应新语言。但是，随着时间的推移，这种能力逐渐减弱。

　　这一研究成果发表在最新一期的《自然》杂志上。资料显示，能说两种语言的人在大脑左下头骨皮层的灰质区比只掌握一种语言或在10到15岁之间才开始学习第二种语言的人的面积大。迈克雷说：“我通过观察大脑结构改变的程度，就能知道一个人是否精通语言，因为灰质区变化越大，语言的熟练程度就越高。”(来源：河北日报。文/杨科)

盈盈一水间

Originally posted by McNally at 2005-2-28 08:50 PM:
  s! z3 A, m3 J9 U6 P科学家指出 外语学习越早效果越好

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. l/ @9 c$ T" I0 D
2005-02-17 09:23 　中安网　  

　　科学家在一份最新的研究报告中指出，学说 ...

谢谢！ 这是篇好文章！！

盈盈一水间

我们做家长的喜欢这些文章！ 多贴！！  谢谢！！

Zhujiaolian

Originally posted by McNally at 2005-2-28 20:50:
$ Z6 N  I4 J& S4 z: S  }科学家指出 外语学习越早效果越好

# G& ?3 x! h. p9 y; O--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
& X( r1 c8 w2 m
! ]8 t) s. ^" h2005-02-17 09:23 　中安网　  

　　科学家在一份最新的研究报告中指出，学说 ...

7 _* B  m, d3 v, w
不愧为有教育学深厚功底人士的帖子，有理有据，让人深思。好！

McNally

从麦纳利高中的学生考中文“托福”（汉语水平考试）来看，就足以证明了学习外语越早越好，由于他们从小系统地得到了两种语言的训练，到了高中，他们的听、说、读、写都已经入了轨道，经过考试的基本训练，他们在高中就通过了中文“托福”。

0 U0 C: z1 }) p! z0 Y而我们有些同跑们，无论在中国还是到了加拿大英文的“托福“就是考不过去，什么原因呢？就是我们大多数人错过了学习外语的最佳年龄，我们深感到就是在这英语的环境里，也难过这英语关？
. z! m0 z4 N' ^" Y& ^) W8 u
, j/ y/ O3 A1 w, {9 j加拿大是个多元文化的国家，为了满足移民的需要，保留移民的母语，所以在公立学校开设了不只是中英双语，乌（克兰）英双语，阿（拉伯）英双语，德英双语，还有法语浸润课程等等，我们很幸运来到了加拿大，让孩子没有压力的情况下，家长不花一文钱，轻轻松松地就掌握了另一门外语，何乐而不为呢！！！

盈盈一水间

Originally posted by McNally at 2005-2-28 09:17 PM:
4 g/ C) v2 n; \从麦纳利高中的学生考中文“托福”（汉语水平考试）来看，就足以证明了学习外语越早越好，由于他们从小系统地得到了两种语言的训练，到了高中，他们的听、说、读、写都已经入了轨道，经过考试的基本训练，他们在高 ...

9 Z; n0 T. k4 g你们的学生都是从美约那双语小学毕业的吧？

盈盈一水间

Originally posted by Zhujiaolian at 2005-2-28 08:58 PM:
不愧为有教育学深厚功底人士的帖子，有理有据，让人深思。好！

; f6 T9 m! `5 U$ T+ T同感！  现在我们终于有共同语言了！Zhujiaolian先生

细雨

好贴!!!

victorw

http://news.bbc.co.uk/chinese/si ... 3031000/3031010.stm

2 ]  T5 v/ s/ X6 }% {2003年06月30日 格林尼治标准时间04:56北京时间12:56发表
说汉语者使用大脑更多部分


说汉语普通话者讲话时同时使用大脑两边
# x" x" @8 W  J$ |$ M/ E6 q英国的研究人员发现，说汉语普通话的人可能比说英语的人用更多大脑。研究表明，说汉语普通话者讲话时同时使用大脑两边。
6 b' h3 B" L9 [) Q" R说英语者只使用大脑一边。研究人员说，这项研究能够促进了解大脑处理语言的过程。
另外，这项研究还可以帮助研究人员找到更好的办法，帮助人们在中风或者脑部受到类似损害后重新学习，掌握语言技能。
在这项研究中，操汉语普通话和操英语的两组人接受脑部扫描。研究人员发现，人们讲英语时，靠近左太阳穴的左颞叶开始活跃。
5 V9 u  @6 q; [. k# a6 I他们发现，大脑这个区域的功能是把发音联系起来，形成单个词汇。
研究发现，人们说汉语时，左颞叶和右颞叶一起活跃。研究人员说，说不同语言时，人的大脑在以不同方式破译语言。这就推翻了长期以来的看法。
' x( E% p6 g( B- x; M3 h汉语普通话十分难学。不同于操英语者，说汉语者使用音调区分不同词的不同意思。比如"马"音，用不同音调发音，可以是马，妈等不同的意思。

Zhujiaolian

Originally posted by 盈盈一水间 at 2005-2-28 21:28:
) n; J4 t2 I3 D5 N. S5 L同感！  现在我们终于有共同语言了！Zhujiaolian先生

' s5 j6 R9 H7 w( m. S原来你以为我们没有共同语言呀？！不知什么时候给您留下这种印象？抱歉.

[ Last edited by Zhujiaolian on 2005-2-28 at 10:20 PM ]

盈盈一水间

Two Languages Better Than One to Keep Mind Young


Mon Jun 14,12:12 PM ET         
Add Health - Reuters to My Yahoo!


& |5 i. F) k2 X3 w2 ^By Maggie Fox, Health and Science Correspondent
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Two languages are better than one when it comes to keeping the brain young, Canadian researchers reported on Monday. Older adults who grew up bilingual had quicker minds when tested than people who spoke only one language, the researchers found. They showed less of the natural decline associated with aging.
The tests of people who grew up speaking English and either Tamil or French suggested that having to juggle two languages keeps the brain elastic and may help prevent some of the mental slowing caused by age, the researchers said.

Writing in the journal Psychology and Aging, Ellen Bialystok of York University in Canada and colleagues said they tested 104 monolingual and bilingual middle-aged adults aged 30 to 59 and 50 older adults aged 60 to 88.
They used a test called the Simon Task, which measures reaction time for cognitive tasks, such as recognizing on which part of a computer screen a colored square appears.

. D& ~$ G0 n0 f& A# {3 |Both younger and older bilinguals were faster on the test, Bialystok reported.
0 g0 w9 c+ }: n. f9 w) C  \1 i! Y2 ]
"We compared groups of people who, as far as we could tell, are exactly the same," Bialystok said in a telephone interview.

. \, Z+ D0 U. E6 c8 l3 `  O"They have all had the same amount of education. They all scored exactly the same on cognitive tests. They all perform the same on memory tests. And they also score the same on tests in English vocabulary."

$ ^5 m$ H. x& e1 i! ^# i+ d) |The difference was that half the people grew up with either French or Tamil spoken at home and English outside. They all spoke both languages every day from childhood.

People who were proficient in a second language acquired in school were not included in the study to keep the effects clear.
/ f7 K9 ], {! n( `- o1 P, {8 z
"It's not a facility. It's not a talent," Bialystok said. Rather it was a case of being forced from a young age to function in two languages.
1 h* j$ X- p, B" R8 R3 W5 p, g, _. d
% e- j& U- d% {* u$ yBialystok said her earlier study with children suggested these circumstances force a change in the way the brain processes information.
! v' B7 f$ k/ j6 K; h" W+ I
"In the monolingual group the differences between the younger adults and the older adults were in line with (the decline seen) in previous research," Bialystok said.

; o# s0 H; W3 @% ["In the older bilingual they slowed down significantly less, dramatically less."
' c0 q- _5 {% P# cBialystok has not tested people who acquired languages later in life but believes learning new languages can only be good for the brain.
"Language is always good -- more language is always better," she said.
/ Y0 U: C3 O0 N, H
[ Last edited by 盈盈一水间 on 2005-3-1 at 12:17 PM ]

polarman

If a kid is taught more than one foreign languages, s/he will become more stupid or smarter? ;)

盈盈一水间

At what age should my child begin to learn another language?
% u  J2 ^4 p* n2 j
There is no magic age to begin learning another language! Languages can be learned at any age or stage of life. Interest and motivation are the key factors.

4 ^" D; }8 z2 l+ R! I& BMost language learning experts agree that it is easier to learn another language at a young age (before adolescence). The earlier children are exposed to another language, the greater their chances of learning to use the language like a native speaker. This is because:
+ y& o( W8 E2 {8 r6 d7 d+ ~•        language learning appeals to the younger child’s love of repetition and mimicry
•        younger children’s communication needs are less complex than those of older children or adults
•        unlike older children and adults, younger children are risk takers and not afraid of making mistakes
. n& F% o& Z9 i! H1 E  \- U•        a younger child’s vocal structures are more flexible than those of older children or adults—this makes it easier to develop an authentic accent.

As a general rule, the more time your child spends learning another language the more proficient he or she will become.
; c0 o' m; V! j- M, Z
9 N' `/ p! d& XFor a young child, choose a language program or course sequence that begins in the elementary grades and continues throughout the secondary years. Encourage your child to stick with it.

% t. l5 W) u# o# C" K2 v) k) ZWhen helping an older child choose a second language program or course sequence, discuss the options available. Talk about how the benefits fit with his or her future goals. Encourage a long-term commitment.
) A/ i9 A' [9 y4 f- z
Remember, learning any language is a lifelong pursuit! Just as your child’s first language skills will improve over time, so too will your child’s second language skills. A long-term commitment will give your child the best results!

盈盈一水间

Originally posted by polarman at 2005-3-1 12:24 PM:
If a kid is taught more than one foreign languages, s/he will become more stupid or smarter? ;)

- F& \9 d4 E9 e# \  v% r2 ^

- b  N! g! S) }% r! }8 k# SLearning another language has lifelong benefits!
: r! {* C5 C  |$ c- X$ [8 m7 R
The benefits of learning another language are many and can touch all parts of your child’s life.
6 F3 E0 D% J6 Y  `. |
When you learn another language you exercise your brain. You not only learn how to communicate in another language, you benefit from a whole new set of skills and abilities!
2 _' s* c/ _2 Q( e/ O
: f/ X: T' B/ g2 S) W; oDepending on when your child starts to learn another language, and the length and intensity of this experience, your child can:
. g8 H, Y* r. C& ~8 }# ]•        become a better listener
' T% g# ]+ R$ M: e, Z- Z4 k9 ^* z•        develop greater self-discipline
•        learn to compare and contrast, solve problems and think more creatively.

Gaining these skills can lead to improved learning (and higher marks!) in other subjects, such as mathematics, science and social studies.

3 j4 X* V& H* Y" R* }# B: HLearning another language in school can also open up the educational opportunities your child will have after senior high school. If your child knows another language, he or she:
•        will have more universities, colleges and technical training institutions and programs to choose from—both in Canada and in other countries
$ ~* ^' C) a9 S( _! S•        will be able to enroll in degree programs and courses that have a second language prerequisite
# j- e/ |( Z" G) ~& h5 E+ R•        will have access to a larger pool of information from which to study and learn.
. l' W8 M# }1 G1 ?4 H% V
Many Canadian post-secondary institutions offer options to study abroad, as well as work experience opportunities that require skills in another language or for which these skills would be an advantage. Students who know or are learning another language may participate in a variety of exchange programs, summer courses and opportunities to work abroad.

/ w2 W6 b: L  R1 K3 f+ o; S2 LLearning another language will help prepare your child for the challenges and opportunities in our changing world!