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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)- G; p/ H. ^% p
& Y# O8 E7 `5 EProof: , P1 K! d' P0 B0 L
Let n >1 be an integer ; H! m8 R2 d2 r" m
Basis: (n=2)
6 d% i8 H. a" Z7 f4 W 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 31 w6 V: c) A/ w
* l7 f. q' ]2 H6 `6 LInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that( B! t% L0 x- j# g
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.- z8 p/ x. x7 ^- l8 d0 Y; w' m* H
, u, P( `5 B8 Q
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3- j; L7 n" P) b2 w* S( R- R9 U
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem" t# m5 n, P, X8 a
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)+ q3 @( P u2 P0 M5 D
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
9 x5 Y" N/ }# Y, O = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
9 \& T. u* E" V$ V8 c) H, a1 ? = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
( \7 {) j, s; w' Eby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
+ \8 _+ D0 {/ x" nSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)1 m F8 T6 B7 m: O7 I8 t" D& T
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)8 c2 b- s3 N, H1 v5 }3 D8 E6 U7 K
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
+ z! [" |6 v9 d" @8 ?0 X6 v8 g4 L; J) o
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
+ d5 Z0 f# D- B" K1 Q: g/ R( S' {% ]/ I; w' ^3 \1 F/ O, |& }: i" n
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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