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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)" c4 i, Q& K$ ?8 O( F4 h' J5 Q
4 J( c5 K" j" Q. eProof: : O7 A' ~% u! S& K p& G
Let n >1 be an integer 0 l' o7 F& j, E) ^! f9 k9 g
Basis: (n=2)
0 o: g5 s) m0 m 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
! j* r: W7 w/ H2 A: q6 \+ c. O7 I9 K, k' d* Q; P
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that2 k. }6 h @5 o) n
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3/ F, [( u. N' b9 R- I/ r' s
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem4 a# |. V0 O" W5 F h
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
2 m! W9 [+ u- \; W% W = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K4 r; D. W0 e+ W5 j3 s3 }1 |7 X
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)( M+ H' Q# p [+ k9 S3 C/ H
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K) @( Q; G* ^2 f: `5 j1 K" y; k$ N* Q
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>06 z+ N0 m) \$ ?0 ]7 P6 H2 h r
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)9 g# R- X& T! i0 L7 L
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
- s1 ~- i$ Z w4 b/ Q = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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( U7 m6 l& X5 |9 ^% _* q; pConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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