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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 1 @) l6 P; J L; H
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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5 S; l& {. T. t- `# o2 uJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China# n$ o5 @. G$ F% v
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of0 m8 L( t, c5 R+ ^2 [+ O& D, _
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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3 ^! o, @( j, L; q+ QLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of1 x& F- y3 [* k! e' e* J' Y. y. Y
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .6 I8 w4 j1 [+ I0 e. J
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20185 I1 r. c# S, V" Q
Published online 26 January 2018' h7 u8 }% G' B/ E( a# c
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John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing1 }; A7 | T( X' F3 X
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
# d- y# m/ ~4 N, gTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been. P) ~9 ?: v, j( e
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
8 `- N+ Q j' H) X: R# k7 honly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
) f6 A" u& R5 X! O, ]7 Tworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly7 k2 ]0 i9 P! e% }2 m* s
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
9 S3 `/ P& H. l" i7 \translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
- J c1 E) [! T$ C6 \" Lscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
. [" s3 [& B6 a# ?0 pand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the6 d( U, W& B' c% g+ O
standardization of the scientific terminology translation1 O3 x$ ^ n3 |$ y: t( N9 k! ], I
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien1 ^7 C$ r; G1 o3 w$ `9 w
he established had helped greatly with the popularization |2 _+ S/ P. v- X% L, a
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring: s' X# F1 T$ k. {
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
' W0 f$ b7 t7 B8 `5 hfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
2 b" Z5 {' f2 G1 W1 U+ Y# {that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
+ @* b. B" U3 c, n1 ugreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific: k: v9 `4 z' m
terminology.
; ]. R$ l3 J- s6 b) P( F+ f2 v3 QKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
1 F' p! w, S8 C. ]' YStandardization of terminology translation1 A) `5 E& Y# C, b6 x& F% }4 C
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to, S* z+ A# a2 |2 Y; ?
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
3 t! G7 l, d# v8 I" `1 h) lChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available" c8 I' g5 w3 V; n% D
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
( o- j& i( t4 e2 C% T& ]' \DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213- ?1 R! |7 {1 Z* w& C2 T& y
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INTRODUCTION
3 j1 y" F' H$ FJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and* D& T# U" E" W
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
3 R5 y6 g5 _4 q2 g1 W) CDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to. k, ?7 m0 G8 }2 H ^6 W
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
6 _1 g# z3 b+ q) Y1 Q% QSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed8 n. E8 R% n- R7 Y
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as) T' B, y& Q* h
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
i4 S6 S! L, h# Q. Jhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-+ l- ]2 m& I1 \2 K
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
. N" q/ ?7 {, k( ^2 k: N. O ]works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
; ^3 ^9 u: x1 F' U3 SFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.8 ?# h, L# U5 z4 c
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated/ g+ ]7 t4 o3 Z0 y {, }9 W, @
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
4 u$ h( r2 `. d( N/ R- Ewould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
5 c* ]5 x2 Z* }( {4 {2 ^revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,9 s8 D/ R( Q u4 C
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western3 W' b& w; T% t6 |5 N5 F t
books that made him the most productive one among the
- r. `- ~: R1 Vforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
1 i$ F$ N N& C, P% A) Vtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a. ?+ \# j" G( e/ Z4 y4 B
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
* W' J0 m3 n0 y4 K; X/ Lpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
% I) | ?3 n6 t* MIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer# U1 u# Q/ U5 N6 a* R
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western0 l; y' h+ D- R5 C4 E O6 G
science and the standardization of translated scientific$ h* z5 d5 y3 ?% i3 a
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
5 k, K9 r6 v% t% U/ Pmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the0 n) z& \! D1 Z1 N5 X
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
: h# C! n* q- d9 v3 f9 }contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
- x8 B* _/ c, Tof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in* a1 [' O$ y' ]
Modern China.
* p6 c+ r1 N- q3 Q" RAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
' k- [, e; I: Q" [, F6 @" ^The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
2 a! p9 J! s2 a, q q* ]0 ttravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
! B* l5 s2 T) U/ B R }4 \a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In* t V9 Y# O A6 a7 C, ?2 Z
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and) ~/ G( q, S5 ]" q! S: f, d+ Y
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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