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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 $ G8 y# n4 T; o/ T. z# w" q
6 |5 H3 u9 B1 a( nhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688/ W7 {! Q0 G0 t, T0 i; w9 p' Q
* E8 _' n; d, M' tJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
# Y( p; t' H6 n a9 P' ^" `- ]YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
& x B& C: x' l2 pFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
& V- ~, l: S, G* `; v0 e3 d% n: o
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of0 P4 M d% D) U" L/ {1 z1 k
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
9 F& p9 w" S/ H6 z$ t+ |
& U j# p% h4 A7 j4 D' h0 uSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .5 F5 O. V* `+ W
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20188 h2 ], z% h4 `) @/ l: d
Published online 26 January 2018) y# R' n- B; b0 J d, L
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Abstract
" [/ P4 q, M& N, Z" M9 WJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
* j. a7 C8 s- a% c7 q0 g7 bDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
. M/ ^1 _3 |7 T3 M0 B, A' M1 V# qTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
+ j; b# R" D! U5 }) A. n6 lengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not( N# h: G. y" v9 A
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific$ J$ I2 S, k9 O3 R7 Z, y3 J
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly4 N6 }, n2 q5 J, }+ R; X* t7 Z
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
) H( M% f1 W# \translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
8 ^/ k6 X- D5 Nscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,) g8 ` G( Q7 f
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the5 Q9 ]; m( S( `, j- O
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
% G) H6 o) D z3 ]9 \# Cin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien! b9 _7 x" U/ J, f8 [+ o0 ]; e; W
he established had helped greatly with the popularization/ J9 B/ e. S0 A3 W4 v
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring1 t/ e$ E) c! l4 ^( n
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way& ~/ d# G+ k; R+ E1 a
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and# I0 ]8 j0 p; S8 ~$ {+ N
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
# z i4 B- T' ?great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific$ n. A6 S4 F& A3 f8 S6 D) V
terminology.
6 s7 X. j+ Q, V PKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;% I- h5 ?. w5 C; d: R
Standardization of terminology translation1 I Q7 t/ P( Y" m7 p1 w+ F" _, j& F
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
/ ^; f% Z2 k1 eStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern# [1 i* L; {* m& F3 _
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available# e. V' |) E3 ~* M3 V2 _- r
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102139 W( L. @: P& e. L$ j- m
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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0 P' O0 u8 c4 rINTRODUCTION9 M, l: a. p( }1 }$ d( i$ K! K8 j
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and. I7 t/ W7 u! h/ J) K# ~
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).. C0 Z; _2 E- t. W! M) W$ D& s
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
1 X5 ~& N5 q- ^8 O% Y6 DHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of# x7 Q# i, i' _9 J' X! T
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed, e5 J0 P- ^( s0 }, B$ G4 S
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
3 q$ {1 \0 I: |! }! F8 c! W" `an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on: y* U" U8 j9 o7 a* p* V
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
+ m$ D8 x" N+ a( X2 C$ \" P' o1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific$ X9 \# g% M1 `% U3 P3 w( [: d, }
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,7 {4 y6 {- Y/ _% z m
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
" @/ I4 J, s" S! H' c# D5 @Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
3 Z7 W- h: E- ?0 C2 [. Uto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant& W- Z8 d. F3 O5 O- P
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
- n$ O8 C9 x, I$ t- _( vrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
* E3 ?+ G: B- l* R; V# TFryer translated more than one hundred of Western/ l7 I' Y& c8 }6 w4 U* e3 x/ f' I
books that made him the most productive one among the
) E) q( G7 s8 Jforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,; ~$ n9 r8 W" X! Q' J( `
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a: o* {- D' I7 m. N) N$ e `8 x7 a
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
3 ]# ^6 y4 h# a. t8 t- ipeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
& j/ Q+ M2 e$ x* c. _/ I/ DIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer1 W2 o* m1 u$ j) ?2 r
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
& ?- r. x. h: s# l0 ^science and the standardization of translated scientific
: o4 b5 g0 `3 O4 U8 A: Wterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
/ W- \, U. `2 Jmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
2 X9 X0 W8 g0 zestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another2 O3 u2 q3 b# k) @. n4 _( T/ z! z
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series& S8 ]$ B7 i: b, Y( ~8 G. Q+ x, j0 z4 @
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
9 s P/ D. G: i6 x$ DModern China.
. {6 W3 c0 E7 z5 h2 g; fAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published1 `$ K' p4 }/ `9 V# @
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
. }+ N; _& C' T% l# ptravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
! o$ a( `: i% {- V8 h" Ua lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
, m( C; H7 I( f4 G! @* S- uJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and, N7 g$ u) A) Q
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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