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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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8 g1 }7 Q# i& u( C' PJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China& G% v9 h# P+ x+ c8 E% @( o
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
! j$ k& n* T9 @$ Z" k' a% y8 pFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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7 D+ I8 Z, y4 @( i& XLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of) z; B D- ~, |1 Q& S& e) i
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
" ?& F; v$ T- R$ vReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
3 }* F" J2 v& y1 e! c0 YPublished online 26 January 2018
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" m! s( _; @/ H5 u4 K; u* EAbstract
: Y4 }4 d4 ?. M, z0 LJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
& [3 B+ s9 q# G( }- \Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
5 y9 C m5 L8 P( e# x4 k5 w5 ~Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
r# d7 T0 o; G! {engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not. p9 T' X( q- j& s
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific8 _" W$ F- C: w; _& i) M% h4 s8 O
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
. Z' l6 G1 K' b/ @to the standardization of the scientific terminology1 r4 F: i+ s2 s
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s& u9 f9 d: E* m) f* i
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
+ J9 g/ P$ w) s* ]! P+ cand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the7 F* f9 q5 r: L
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
3 _+ B4 Z' V+ ?0 P; K- Win Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
% t0 Q+ x, Q; }( c5 ^he established had helped greatly with the popularization
! h& e6 G# n: b& l8 {+ hof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring- J$ l! h1 ]7 T" n& b9 [
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way1 J+ V2 R0 D3 z9 z9 |) x
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and2 v! r5 m( J# i' G) p3 {+ Q& `
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
( k" X: m6 n# g1 Q$ l7 a) z: I% ggreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific% a" w& b7 {! a- Q6 X
terminology.3 U3 d$ n0 O# w: C! s3 X" z
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
6 h, \8 O2 \" e% `+ E, J! }# ]Standardization of terminology translation
/ G* q8 W. Q6 {Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
9 j7 a! @4 ]. w' KStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
1 j) v0 v# p. @China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
; a, N( G. j5 zfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102136 e' F8 R! v1 ?" }" O' o
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102130 y: R* Q4 ?$ t2 s0 W) e6 I5 p3 h
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4 ^6 Z6 ]8 S$ }9 D: ] |INTRODUCTION# {. g( f% d% f. w. F) m
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
9 k% G7 J, Q7 c: g. H/ y* Za great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).3 g$ {2 u4 U m- o0 o' j/ w
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
3 f7 o9 l) D% S8 M& `2 p; A$ IHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of, Q. B, P( X% {" o! u
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed9 |8 i" t0 P2 X+ D7 K* @. Y! \
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
7 c4 Q5 p/ `" C5 N5 P) V9 _% Ean editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on9 N* @9 g, ~' m& \ p: v
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-7 u ~: x/ D$ @4 Y
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific4 k/ i8 ^" L- B& E, L7 x
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
: A" |+ S+ V" p4 [9 JFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.$ o* K$ W" ^1 z- `- F0 D% n
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated+ o& E. a ~- z' w( J
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant) ]' J! j0 m7 }( L
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
2 J* a; d" e, x- |) D7 @revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
! k$ e) F8 K0 M, N4 q8 `9 PFryer translated more than one hundred of Western% I, e! Z8 Y" l) M" h4 e1 Y' s
books that made him the most productive one among the3 O1 I8 r. r# j5 e5 t7 |
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer," D# G6 C9 I& ` T2 m+ H6 O# c8 J; I
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a* G' w4 v4 S! G/ @0 s
noble work which could help accelerate the process of6 l. i3 s! a/ k+ x: [. `
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
2 h' _9 U1 {0 p6 o# _In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
; M0 h* Q' a, Malso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
7 L3 w) g, V' V; ?. l% sscience and the standardization of translated scientific
8 n/ ?" J3 Z" G0 A9 T% g7 Gterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
6 t9 e( i- F) }. h1 _! Rmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the3 [' X7 k- l; j$ z5 {$ H
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another4 B o, J9 e7 X$ X& K
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series+ k* t2 i6 p2 f- w4 k8 H
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in6 }& s1 S2 e, @) m1 }
Modern China.
8 Q4 b6 a: O E" `5 H% v: EAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
( U6 G0 C5 I& t1 g& g3 @" s2 @; v tThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
: r! o/ S% w+ |, e. m. Btravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
1 D0 _: r: V" }a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
z2 J3 a/ ^. ~1 ]3 xJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
4 d7 X# |' D# s5 [5 w% ?& Q+ mTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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