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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ) ~( Q* W) Y6 \ u, n8 Z
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China9 B2 @3 j% M+ h& M
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of. F" w6 `0 v: z
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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1 S* d. A! M$ |0 t! t+ K! ?LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" W' p0 k3 H/ C! K: T9 k# w# b
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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% a- H+ D& p7 N* hSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .# B1 T, J; G& l6 L; P: O
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018* W1 H2 Y1 s3 c4 _: [) H
Published online 26 January 2018
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& u8 I1 {! _& z# P( PAbstract. T" x6 j0 M+ |% Z( V1 F- X) W
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
; P+ W7 J/ y' V1 V( iDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
, b+ R/ M2 D9 `" g1 NTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been6 o/ E! u% z4 L
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
% A; y, c, {! U( s) [+ [9 @only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
) v: V: P* U1 Y6 H, Y2 Pworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
, T* _8 j" i) I" I; Q/ `( I4 \to the standardization of the scientific terminology( }& m v; Y' N4 V0 m) \
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s5 K0 a3 x0 S# {# i- k
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,0 i( Z# }2 J+ P+ V
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the- g, T' @2 b$ b6 Q: j+ [$ N! J
standardization of the scientific terminology translation# r) q* h) G1 K6 g1 y' p7 |8 v
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
) D; f. v; t! ?7 J/ N% F$ e, Xhe established had helped greatly with the popularization" U0 x# R9 a; l3 U5 u: G
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring' S3 }; k* I9 K& J5 s
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
* h8 M8 F, Y* P# cfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and/ [) i* R5 C6 m. E4 w
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
" R7 N. I/ x+ v; T5 k5 D3 Vgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
3 ?1 U* A% r! g f9 tterminology.4 E1 }9 M) ^) d7 C
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;5 L' ^/ b- j' m! \8 Z$ }& r9 J+ I
Standardization of terminology translation
3 G$ J7 x7 o: cYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to; \' P& A* c0 E
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern" \3 C' g" w! p! g+ { l% D
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available2 B( y4 E8 h' ~' R' l) T
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213% i2 m" z( [; q, H5 d+ U- g
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102130 X2 F. [7 t; ^& y9 Y
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INTRODUCTION% Q8 `7 l" N7 J, s8 K1 |6 X
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
. d( O9 d( [$ Q$ y" X: u x. S6 |a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).2 s8 N( N' \- h4 W/ O& L
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
( ~' Q$ d* D* w8 K2 bHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
9 Z9 C9 r, ~9 h2 j; Z7 GSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed p5 c% u$ T3 H( y" h5 F/ w
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as, ~( h& B, V! S0 K* x
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on& f, j* R7 }* z7 L/ a, o) k/ G7 s8 P
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
! u' T; |: y& }+ B& I1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific7 Y# Z$ q4 q% I7 h0 ^1 Y
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
* k9 B/ ~* F. ^2 PFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
& Z$ j G$ @# B$ uNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated8 y! P+ i6 {6 t/ P
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
( y3 q) j4 O3 L$ J0 v# A# y: _& jwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
* ~9 n7 ^8 C, l# H- T! F+ [revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
" R u3 |& ]( w! _8 UFryer translated more than one hundred of Western5 _8 ]1 B7 b# x: G$ q; J# t
books that made him the most productive one among the
7 |! k/ r( P" Kforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
& k; c$ C) b, f+ wtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
6 G* p7 V, H# T& [5 d' N1 _7 s, ^: rnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
2 X; y+ e: E }1 I6 f c& ppeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
6 a, V. \9 R, V% o, D8 fIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer4 M/ n" x, `- b+ u6 x* I" ^9 u6 Z$ a1 T
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
8 y1 P4 W7 C0 v' g" r5 G' S- O% ~+ oscience and the standardization of translated scientific9 D, p( _" ?" R# Q
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific, P$ @: [; n, N7 E5 ^+ B
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
" d1 R! ~$ s* y5 d5 vestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
, S$ v! t/ M9 [7 U% P/ {5 ]) i Hcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series8 s# O1 e1 M, E
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in' K# W% o7 a& ~8 Z8 ^) K
Modern China.
/ C1 Q h( a6 f" C/ d( l( HAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
2 i' b0 K+ ~; A4 s8 t$ a- v# h3 B, NThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
) \7 y5 w. @0 T, E; v1 @) ?travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing7 I, E+ I( H" a8 E* q
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
4 }) q* f) o1 P* iJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and7 s- Y: h) B, a9 j+ z$ ?
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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