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| How to figure a home's fundamental value 5 d# T0 [7 y' _- `6 vLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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 3 Z" X2 u+ U! m0 Y9 x6 T' p! mNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.  I# a; a3 Z9 i% U- z& w
 
 " N1 N: j9 l0 i& Q+ CLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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 ( |% W( B' a0 G! m! Q: E. q. `To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:& A8 \2 @6 N! L: L- ?+ I+ [
 
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 In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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 San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
 ! Y. }( Q( w% y6 _8 ?San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
 / m  O2 V% |9 BNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
 % C# u" S2 h2 E0 c, Z# f/ LYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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 If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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 G1 k& A! z! J- _If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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 D' p6 o  \& u+ n/ k Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
 9 n, d' J+ R5 w2 u  C/ M* m+ }  | Avg. 1988-2000 2001
 , n/ ^0 c. p4 q$ iBoston  20.5 30.2
 % I  M: l8 j* SSan Diego  22.8 29.7
 $ F% ^7 o8 a6 L& V+ ?San Francisco  23.8 27.2 ( t$ U' ]# g+ a. \6 b9 ]: ^( o
 Los Angeles  21.3 25.6 . w$ g6 ]5 C& d; q; l$ Q% t+ P$ l
 Seattle  20.4 25
 2 Y( ^8 G: r) ?2 V8 d( v4 NDenver  17.7 23.7
 0 I% n# G; N# ?7 c) |New York  21.2 22.5
 + d3 U7 q8 |* lChicago  17.2 20.8
 6 ^/ h0 f* ^& g4 R' |& f- y, {3 QWashington, D.C.  17.1 20.4
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 * ]9 v- ^: s5 g; NIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.' B: Z( r  V3 g
 
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 From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp
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