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How to figure a home's fundamental value7 Q% h8 I$ Q; F2 ?
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.8 V) h8 M- t+ I+ N( H; Y
) P( G* J1 {( |& N+ ] \Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.+ n0 {9 ]) B+ @) d* B& q, ]
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
; ~4 i3 o2 F* P4 {' JSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
. U! k; K4 {! W1 DNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.- V8 Y0 [/ ^" m% b4 l
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 3 B0 D a: t0 ^8 y, t0 @) S
$ R2 z- e; \8 i, b/ Q9 IIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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7 E8 h) I2 `! @" q6 R9 O6 BBoston 20.5 30.2 ! V ?* C3 ]0 J1 k" e+ Z: y
San Diego 22.8 29.7
- E, h% `& j, c( ^# ]# pSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
4 b( h* E; Q q( r) D) M9 zLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
& _: Z' u% ~9 a8 [Seattle 20.4 25
: @4 R& {. c+ s3 T j+ m5 K+ IDenver 17.7 23.7 / R, z% Q' w# w% B. _4 y/ }& k$ `
New York 21.2 22.5 . x1 ]/ e! A0 a: D/ F7 C
Chicago 17.2 20.8 2 G% R: W& X# q, g6 T9 _: _
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 6 x8 e5 W6 q% N; N1 n+ }* H
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0 |. \ T+ Q, L4 ~It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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/ R. \6 o' \- A N1 O5 J" t6 DFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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