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How to figure a home's fundamental value
: F1 f* S+ C# Y, e5 y' L, J9 ULeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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6 {3 A" t: ]; c" b) n eLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.4 W& `* O2 t: ]
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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8 g% ?) I$ ?' D+ _2 @In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.) q& J2 j' v6 `* y
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
y$ ^0 ?8 r) G$ JSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
$ l/ t5 {2 K$ bNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
6 d/ n2 ~) A4 [7 v7 S! `. sYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.% ^9 _0 z7 H: k5 x* C
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.) v- y% z5 B, Q( I
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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+ ~; t4 E& t9 A0 _$ a# ]# M6 iBoston 20.5 30.2 4 j6 U; n" b) U" ]+ t
San Diego 22.8 29.7 8 b7 ]: B3 o$ _2 e' x6 y4 n, y
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
' w" h( e& n& U2 Y: ALos Angeles 21.3 25.6
( d5 [! \0 j5 Q/ s5 `1 W9 l/ ?9 ASeattle 20.4 25 0 p# s+ F6 H! y% Z9 ]2 U
Denver 17.7 23.7 0 A" f; L8 [3 k( c. \
New York 21.2 22.5
1 p# M+ Z4 F z& R$ MChicago 17.2 20.8
7 z: |# Q' K2 MWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 0 B7 f7 p* u1 O' Z
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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