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How to figure a home's fundamental value
% @. Y5 y& {" B: R+ [Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.8 b+ x7 l3 m0 ?# X! k- H* ?- F
1 Y$ ~/ X6 y& w+ U$ j# eNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.5 Q9 I9 |% ]% n: r- i
5 ^% ^8 ?" T4 ]! TTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:9 D4 ^# k# q9 l& z! r
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0 Q# w% Q. h4 d1 ^5 {In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
" w+ K( ?) ^! |' ~San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
9 J: m3 J( H$ U0 y# Z+ |# k! J4 p+ KNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
$ `% A t9 h" U8 eYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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3 o6 X, O% N5 B! f: p! }2 OIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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1 N$ X! _8 V$ N8 GIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas 9 a$ ]& ^, W$ h% i( e$ I
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 - W' p. j$ D& L
Boston 20.5 30.2 & O* K7 ?7 ?6 w( H8 v6 c" U
San Diego 22.8 29.7 ' K. l7 i/ p$ c8 i- d
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
" `; g* ~" T. ?Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 * R7 `/ \- g- N& ^) J( u
Seattle 20.4 25
, y4 k. y7 r/ |' _4 XDenver 17.7 23.7
f" w" K/ [9 k' d* M5 gNew York 21.2 22.5 : K% F7 c+ P" I8 v: f0 B* e
Chicago 17.2 20.8
* B0 I1 F$ a( {7 n& OWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 : }; {0 a3 O; f. a# G/ W9 |3 c( T
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.4 l2 D% W1 v! t2 r& [2 S1 p
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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