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谈英语俚语3 Y; x, o3 k9 Z- H4 Z
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% v5 D, D$ A( H5 P5 P8 w1 C0 F在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯" D4 X) l" k& n9 \5 A$ I4 L T
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
1 v$ i% Q: d: f0 ?) y/ w若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!- e" D9 {0 ?/ X2 e) I5 K' L6 }: ~
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(1) empty suit:. c7 L) a' w' M J
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。8 V/ y+ Q' r- P. P7 p
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
- c3 C5 }6 n a& I; D+ O% {4 ]; Q例如:
: h* h/ E& t+ h/ j' @# _( CAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.4 C3 |, p4 U9 u0 \7 S" n$ v
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)$ @& O) L8 p+ b2 }
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.5 i% y4 \, t- ?9 ]& b; s* ~$ o w
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)/ |+ } g- q1 x+ k
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
: l" X4 ^6 Q' [The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.4 b8 k6 l# s8 F
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)6 h' r* L T) B% `/ w
(2) fair-haired boy:% L, y+ W1 V( y: {% \, ]9 l$ d
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
/ [; E" I$ @& x" D9 v- a(通常用单数,当名词用)3 H: m% f( y) R0 z
例如:
0 b' B" z4 \# U9 E' w: o1 z% DMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.4 S" _4 X I& F9 @: E
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
- u/ y! j4 y" d+ fNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
0 ?+ O+ ^; {* f; U(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
5 w) g% |5 K( Q2 N+ e有时也可用复数:- `" g6 Z! w6 ]" K: y* r& a8 L4 Z
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
2 s' R' Q8 {$ n7 {1 H1 l(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。); a ^ O8 a* A( H9 w
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
: I9 @" q# _- C+ p9 {+ U2 e$ n(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
2 e. X! p2 S7 A% L(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)1 `, _! P* x5 Y5 k" q) v' M4 x
(3) fishing expedition: b( |& s- F1 {
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
# O8 l6 Y( T' L% e(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
* A! @8 V8 z: M6 ~# Y7 X例如:
: y7 E4 j3 R; QThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.% W0 c7 y- ?; f( D* X5 [
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。): H ]/ ~; H5 B
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
) Z* \# C+ N2 u6 | D8 |1 L. M4 K(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
5 {3 V0 B& P* i) i- H. U(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
( e; ~ k( k5 ]5 RThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.. h; U w [- [2 @: r6 A7 ^0 l
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)$ a4 a: K M7 S5 h
偶尔也有人用复数:
, D4 T4 J/ Z0 @8 q o1 q$ ?! n3 `Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.- S2 p( d4 f4 F" c6 W" u6 H; G4 g
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
h' L) [' z9 }$ `8 Y(4) filthy rich:
/ o; L Z% f( n4 m. q, ?意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)* p+ Q, L: z" a7 \& d i7 p
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
7 b. D5 |8 A1 I' Y% K多半当形容词用。例如:
: H2 r7 [7 ^7 t) EWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.2 [" j7 Q! ?; C. V
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)$ w1 D6 Q8 c: r0 ^$ Y0 ^9 P
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.6 P- o# ?' O0 l( C2 \4 y
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
# z. Z- _9 C- f- ~5 LA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.& B$ d. s( W# e( U; R1 W4 _' f" x
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
" g* H; |, Y: D) qFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
/ Z! Z- O+ d# D+ N# |(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)% m o$ ?' v3 T: ?3 c9 S$ I
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)# n9 T2 y; |, v" B$ Y5 T8 E( P; o' |/ J
(5) fairy godmother:% s; X1 _- d8 h
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
1 G* {, W( e' ? n(多半指有钱的女人)
4 @6 j, S8 Z" }; A7 p7 r1 m(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:# _' [( V6 c2 @) w4 _" F* |2 I
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
: l; Y4 d3 {6 e* z(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)9 P- _( q& D4 E
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
7 Y {: S1 Z; T; G5 W9 Q(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)6 m' @: x2 z* y3 n' G4 N. Y- |0 z
有时也用复数:
2 x# }2 w/ @. D' c2 _Only business women can act as fairy godmothers./ w6 b' U% P% L& W
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
. o; w! V% h! H1 O' H. fIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.2 V9 X& b& r/ Y; G% `
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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3 A6 R: e! f$ M2 ?9 N6)eye opener:: t8 k) K" k1 N$ O" R2 R$ n7 P9 g
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)) e8 C/ b- ^# n( G& ]
(当名词用;通常只用单数). \; N. X- W2 j/ t, `
例如:2 R0 [9 k0 k/ D6 j% f( ^
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
& s' [9 W5 R1 ?: e5 ]) @(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
& v; g/ x3 e4 ~: NMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
( p6 u& g7 H% u' G9 n- G$ m2 e(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。), F3 e$ y; ^- [; x0 ?3 v
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
4 b) r" a } S8 S, T; j+ c(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
5 B5 u" l8 c5 b5 N/ T; D/ O( KSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
+ X" E6 A5 P- y/ D# `(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)0 U4 q+ _' z B
(7) hot dog:5 b. t u5 }7 C
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
, L- ^3 Y5 e( a) o0 h例如:
8 p0 A5 X' G' j8 \- mSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
& P+ ^& {8 G& H% X8 \(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
- p! C3 S" I+ p; i' A(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
3 y7 T- p) D6 V) e9 ^, x8 y/ ZIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
1 w8 X; p. n; V8 c4 J( r(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
% k+ W. u5 s, \0 \, O(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
z+ H1 R9 w) [ U; U4 m2 S2 TDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
6 S: |5 @: k. b- R% d(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)1 o9 u; K- V/ L" k
也指真正的热狗食物:6 |+ S. f0 i6 g* a
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.0 X+ p/ N; l0 C4 o3 U9 i7 o. r5 h
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。), Y4 [" i8 ^. R, i7 C2 H
也可表达欣赏的心情:; H' S) _3 h& K. p. E
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
( [7 _" h$ D# d(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
% {& ^' g2 ~# t. b: e( ~(8)eager beaver:
/ n4 Q7 m9 d' N8 I6 }' Q' \指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
" ^" Q, M6 E. v% Q: j(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
" P( G8 r" R" w0 F0 l(当名词用,可指男女)$ [+ m9 Y- d3 d, z. c8 K
例如:
# E7 o. o( O6 n( f- [John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
9 Q$ J8 u7 s% I8 r2 w0 j) n(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)( a% G; b7 O2 P* K5 j* P# E x( ~
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
6 l9 Y" X/ X. W! }' d(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
# S: l, c+ N; r" fDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
0 O% f) h8 w# n(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?). J6 ~- ]' h: U( T. T
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.9 i) h% ], T3 H6 x7 P# i
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
$ U) U) g2 d2 \! i6 T( x(9)doubting Thomas:5 Y3 i9 }, a X0 t$ k( W
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)4 c/ M+ H+ }! g- B0 ]' x, R
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
: V& q H- A; I! {3 m2 M(当名词用)& r# ]2 c; _, p% O5 ~/ Y$ X$ W
例如:5 O/ I& {* S9 f) m: Q
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.3 b! X9 l! h* H. c+ g
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)5 _* F- A0 k/ k
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.0 {/ z$ w5 w* f! b' ]4 l
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
7 ], G3 {4 e6 ^$ e- T! F也可用复数:9 N; ~, B4 z) u) U' D
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
) _' M6 _9 H+ }: q5 V4 c, Z. {(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。) f3 T$ g. |. L: T2 U$ `( Q
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.- B( I9 R8 s6 Q4 G
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)2 K$ H) I- N2 z3 b8 A. D
(10)dragon lady:! C: m% y9 p: \( s6 o
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用), C) Q! t# \. G! c6 ]) K. o
例如:
, D ^% o/ T, ?/ T/ d3 ?( k# p7 PThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
: t T% W' P- G: q% r(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)7 a; c3 S/ W$ x. m2 f2 P% i
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
& J e/ Q ^7 j& {2 n6 V0 ?; U(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)2 Q% i) Z( Q6 J" i
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her? E9 m+ o+ b7 i
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
. B N5 w% p" l, K( \9 \1 @也可用复数:
2 o& E# v& ?$ r+ m1 ?There may be many dragon ladies in our community.' d3 U- X$ ?& I6 }
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
5 F& u- g# d0 Y& v% h: m1 D注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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