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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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4 |% s2 P; P. Q' {- k在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯+ x0 b7 p: Y$ j1 w! w; I' X8 P
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
2 J7 R$ d" E. Y若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!( C  n4 F  P5 w- M" U: Z% F
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(1) empty suit:1 F% d3 ^  J8 G% ?9 y
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
2 W- x: ?; p+ W' i$ Q2 C(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
, l( _3 M8 G0 C例如:
5 ]' Z' w0 \* m5 S% SAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
! H7 u' V9 x7 Y(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
! e( c# w' I) q: C- MMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.( P! L# ~7 k7 j
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)9 _1 @9 `% s! M" w2 q) T6 h7 [
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
/ m+ d6 s  B8 s! j7 q3 n/ ]The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.$ K8 w3 o& ^6 m8 h
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人), I. r3 m- @/ E- M
(2) fair-haired boy:
: j( F' ^& p$ I指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
, t& `" ?: o* e( t* T(通常用单数,当名词用)- j* D$ A/ n! z- t4 U9 p$ K
例如:4 U; [; e, l+ b9 T5 [+ U7 G! _
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
% K5 {( ~6 t( Y0 @9 {6 c) d( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
: J& d& O: T* s8 \  s. sNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.- K8 t! M$ c/ N5 e2 y* t
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
6 G3 q0 h8 B9 u# V有时也可用复数:
( [+ i/ {2 M3 ~& @9 [; ?Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.- \+ b7 f, m4 @6 B6 Q
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。). H2 x, }5 c/ C5 V
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
) T% I. E+ r9 x# F1 X(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)  b: ?/ H) [5 g
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)- C1 r5 L: M2 B2 g
(3) fishing expedition:$ B: [7 k  R) w5 Q) V
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)3 N) ~/ j) h* {* x- \+ e  C5 p
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)9 v- j8 O2 s: C- f  o
例如:% T' v  }6 X# E0 I" _
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
% _) n2 v- q& i(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
2 H2 @2 K2 l' ]$ y3 A/ sThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
- ?' M/ U& s5 c5 M7 d(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)3 u- X: F; P$ j' X) g
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict): P1 r2 j7 u5 q1 Y% c4 k
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.7 p0 v5 h* h, d
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
0 D; h( _) _- y0 P! i( \8 m4 D: z' S偶尔也有人用复数:
6 z4 u8 j; ~" Q6 XSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
7 S4 ~4 V+ Y$ i, C- ~% C. n(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)$ k0 U' X; l; d. @: o, a. g. C+ N
(4) filthy rich:1 E' ]3 g% N# d+ Z& W
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)- h( q* O2 d3 |6 h; M' H* Z
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
8 c. x" M* s9 ~, S多半当形容词用。例如:
! N# l1 q+ z* o( mWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.% Z5 q% d) s) Y$ G/ Q0 C
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
& p+ ~7 c: {' @% V9 zDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
# I5 R% r4 `% v% \' q(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
( c0 o$ m: z# X5 OA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.# {1 F$ q7 {* E. q
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。): M! `0 J8 Y' I( A  U  d
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.- t  B4 ?7 W9 N, L. e
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
. |" ^! F+ W% m% G% e(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)  A' }" z% U% {# G! B/ E
(5) fairy godmother:
$ T- [) s+ X' ^+ E- u指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
) D$ T9 Y7 S: o9 p2 K6 s+ d(多半指有钱的女人)1 J2 B; z2 P6 I* }" W5 X
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:$ B+ M' e+ y6 L4 c$ M" h
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
. d9 [: w. a: i. |(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)4 K' Y- Z* _% F9 @, |
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.- Z  G- e! c0 x/ f
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
- y% L0 M. Q1 q% D) a% T3 ]* U2 s有时也用复数:# [# E% f, E6 d8 Y6 l% q
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers." i9 _& r( m' {' s
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
3 ?$ ?6 n! a( p! c% W8 qIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.. v, u, C: h$ u: R; [
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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8 O% G; [0 T& p$ t3 X* a# Q1 x6)eye opener:
0 ~3 w9 Y8 ?' t2 y) E" p指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
# R/ q% ?  J6 B4 \(当名词用;通常只用单数)
2 P4 A& K+ |# Z$ s( e  P例如:
" `5 i. a" t7 AYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.# m5 l4 p# i/ Y& Y+ P
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
- A! p& K5 O- bMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener., z- Z+ b: x+ _/ N
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)  r  R1 q9 @3 q, n; k* N' @. p
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.4 d5 }! E8 a7 K4 b
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)5 n9 y; y$ ^0 x6 S4 a! z
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.3 J( Z# D  B( a: |2 w& g+ n
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)6 _3 g6 p( P# l$ k& s! u2 Q
(7) hot dog:4 A  v3 Z2 K4 ?5 F
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)& J( i' h& V3 g
例如:' @) D5 x5 o3 p7 H
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
, y3 ~8 X/ j4 c- z- Q5 o(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
. c+ H) h& M  Y5 v, y# @* O8 B* F. O(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
: C# U: W2 [* X. M2 LIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog., Z% x+ i# Y5 I$ _
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)6 H" e+ i5 f' N- ^3 }- Y
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
- v5 F2 {+ l1 B) A( z) oDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
4 e- p0 Q$ }: W  w(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)0 d" \5 j4 ], H3 R% V
也指真正的热狗食物:; i+ ~) T, ]# G# p! k
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
& E6 G, _  i# N' U' _(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)0 c7 r0 J; p" D; R+ b" {
也可表达欣赏的心情:
+ T3 {' M  X# p7 R9 XHot dog ! What great news for me.6 Y' D" ]0 y, r) u
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
# C5 w; h0 j3 K$ X) u( y(8)eager beaver:% t/ U; p) {' _  _) S% k% C! t
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)) Q& K* p7 E( ]4 o4 i& A
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
" d4 q, I) `0 H/ X" w6 y(当名词用,可指男女)
0 I9 z( f9 L  B0 p; l2 ^  E' G例如:+ g; a0 v! H7 S/ ^/ W) }3 O
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.7 Z  W0 y% U, D# c
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
3 H$ @3 Q# X" T: Q: ~5 IBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
, k6 I2 Q: t. j, F+ J7 [0 |0 y(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
+ X% ?  Y, {5 [7 h" l: ~6 s3 gDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?3 }# s* k/ t5 u. j# y
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
6 |1 }$ P) w: d3 n. aYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.0 m; v& g4 S9 v
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
" j+ U( N6 W4 Y* P" S(9)doubting Thomas:  |& s- G% x, _& O# L0 h
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)  F) F+ o5 j& t+ r
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
; c, s8 N; d9 \6 g8 w! y(当名词用)
3 p, r5 m. E4 Y  D- a3 T例如:5 \' n0 f4 `( F
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.4 v$ A5 @1 U- x" v; x+ K# A- P
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。). Z- d$ q4 M) t. o5 W6 ?
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.% {: a% P+ M: u) y# ~
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
4 e* {- U- ]9 P* e也可用复数:" C  b3 N0 `0 B% j% E
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.8 p" w1 o+ ]! K6 q
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)2 C+ `6 Q% q) W
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.% `& Q2 ?8 A2 ^; h2 Z) M, y
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)5 p9 `; S' p6 s
(10)dragon lady:2 R2 s3 M7 W* m  V6 m. `( Z! P3 l4 A
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
: O7 ]$ a" C4 v7 F6 F2 ^% \例如:
  z7 c+ B- p$ {/ j# K6 s7 J/ l8 g3 ?The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
( n4 m3 c- Y  x; ?: l+ f3 o; x: `(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
5 ?1 ]0 p0 L& F2 m  [+ {/ I" CI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.& n4 W$ [3 m2 }8 }0 \
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)6 F" m* u& O* e; f
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
; k$ x3 T# F6 `(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?). ]0 i& P+ J6 K- M
也可用复数:) ^* y+ q# d1 {- j$ {; x- c
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
3 p/ O0 _8 ]( A% w8 b% ~(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)( ]4 q1 S7 }- z0 ^1 p$ `
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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