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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
) K) B! n$ H) q9 s* _6 @5 \6 b/ v: E之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。3 l# O8 O& ~! i/ t" H% R6 L- ?, h; R
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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& {3 s U- G/ k" S8 e9 A% V4 K4 \(1) empty suit:1 b, M% O. J7 g% `) g
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。9 B4 U H) X7 u5 h6 o" z5 v
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)/ u) `; b! X1 d
例如:% S% w, w$ x; |' ^
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
) F1 o" X- [/ `8 R(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
: a" b% q$ ^5 z$ g- y0 w+ xMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.8 @# ? g3 k2 Z) K. Y G* N
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
/ ^) @9 q' a P虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
7 G d Z# M4 ^3 w- X. x+ a- bThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
* R7 e. C! F- |: B(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
5 F! B9 V, w$ b7 K6 a% y6 [(2) fair-haired boy:
/ X6 r$ X' b0 m- Y指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)% p0 s$ n/ r8 W* k6 k1 l
(通常用单数,当名词用)9 k; L( L; }+ p
例如:* {& s7 \9 a( B- X& \8 t
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.( s# \; y- X4 y
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
O& C1 q) m" c- X/ B; ^Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
' @2 S! e2 O$ s& o( O(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。), a" p6 |* V- h7 U& w1 W _; f
有时也可用复数:8 n/ W2 r& e* f4 T/ a, }2 Z9 ?
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
5 H& q8 `6 [/ U+ n(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
) b8 g* @( G6 X4 v$ T/ U! @Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses./ a% D. N$ }# ]8 ^, n0 }
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)9 @' {6 l' \5 B9 B! R
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
, Y( Z. k! }: A3 g; N(3) fishing expedition:
6 k9 @1 a6 {& U9 n- y0 V5 O, H为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
# Q; l4 z4 R: s( F(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
: F. W6 R6 l4 h$ c& |3 Q例如:- Q0 P/ u) {! D% y5 T! c" v, u
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.$ q7 J0 x; m. z9 C# N3 q T
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
3 q* \; O2 A& H+ D) YThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.' K( C6 ~3 W8 } [
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
5 t8 o0 H5 |/ U( a- X' U(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)$ V! ~7 K4 ~! n' W0 L u" e. l
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.# A+ A0 T1 r8 m' C/ b
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)- ^- H/ ^3 q1 f+ d1 G
偶尔也有人用复数:
: U$ E9 H7 b% G5 R' CSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.8 j( m. b0 `7 j; |5 U
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
4 ]& ?6 y: C) c3 w2 d(4) filthy rich:, b7 \6 w) _2 h. ?
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy), m, \5 t; {( z: }$ w! R; y5 G
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)8 I7 O( L; x5 K; \0 i
多半当形容词用。例如:. ~1 C6 l1 |6 R& p4 u
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich." ]% d7 ?$ {5 h& J
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
' I! C0 k6 W ~0 b* s- B8 \Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.0 B0 A3 t- G5 d/ r3 m6 ]/ n0 ]
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
+ U1 V7 I# {. v4 ~/ s9 ZA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
6 q( D9 Q% \5 K0 j' l(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
/ o6 x; W9 Y* B( @+ j" zFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.8 d) [' u S1 `2 Q1 B7 a
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
3 K- e$ ]! F! l: ?7 t: t(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)8 n% d' D8 {4 \9 ]
(5) fairy godmother:
4 H- R& h4 f% K) n/ U$ K7 h指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
3 S. b6 N9 E, k' r% p% [7 {! t3 E(多半指有钱的女人)
; X: E/ U- `: G' E6 Q(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
: o9 P- \- |5 L V v$ a+ ]# S cMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
% }* l! h2 k. `. H- T+ \(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
3 Y5 \6 M v$ Q3 e' W& j; ^) hAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother." {. \1 E% V5 J& Q1 y9 Z
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)& ~; V7 V1 t1 o4 F
有时也用复数:
- q$ y# y5 X3 {; y1 l- {$ BOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.5 P* P2 r: s0 Q* ~% [+ `
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
6 A$ y1 _) t( e$ C& m6 w3 m. y4 GIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
- a3 L9 {& r. x% z% _8 B' h(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener: I* B: m3 g; T
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
; q; |6 L9 m9 \. E(当名词用;通常只用单数)3 o$ }5 U+ i+ R j
例如:
3 r1 h+ {9 z5 y5 cYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
5 y J) I" M' U7 h" r(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)8 j& E" V, |* [6 m1 v( I$ e7 p
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
9 J4 @3 Y, O4 w/ p(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)1 b2 T: E6 X; V. U( {" Z
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
9 g4 ?# V" t2 d( E0 Q/ a: S2 r(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
" _6 z' E% U' T4 [, xSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.. {) u# u v' o2 ]+ ?( n
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)- t8 P% i" M; W, F. W/ s
(7) hot dog:
; \. d' _& H# c, a6 d指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用), z$ J9 n& G7 B# }
例如:
$ Q q) b# S$ n8 Q- `8 F7 ~Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.! B" N8 W4 x% c' ]8 M, P- H
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
W& Z1 d* ]( D(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
d+ [- `3 E$ E+ b/ KIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
( {. _2 g" Y( P+ g0 v1 |) U% s(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)* A8 Z G7 ?1 y! o; h9 _
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)3 m( E/ {0 Z- N
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
) ~; Q. c- i( i; U( U6 V4 z(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
) ?- b6 p5 d/ Y1 g0 z4 p6 o也指真正的热狗食物:
! P/ J& w8 ], g" xThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
- `% ?5 B" j) d2 J, Z8 F4 ~(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
! O+ G# I# q8 Z$ q1 j: c( Z5 E; k* x也可表达欣赏的心情:
% r" i" K6 P- v' d* THot dog ! What great news for me.
) R% V# ~* f. r4 I(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)3 ^; M1 t+ |' x5 C1 ? j( P8 ]
(8)eager beaver:
|1 l# E+ U& ]0 U指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
% u9 _' T9 C: m Z) I(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)$ T5 g5 k: S1 m2 a9 }: i
(当名词用,可指男女)
7 L4 J1 E0 w1 c) e0 E$ l( C# s例如:
2 o# I: S5 a% [! L9 w7 J0 ]; EJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
# d7 m4 u, _/ m, W(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
( m# z; e' g+ @6 Z4 \+ u! ]Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
1 o& ?' K5 p$ B$ V* P! u(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)7 `1 E: S1 E% t8 n
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?; J4 w; Y1 P7 v! S0 W7 @
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
2 O8 D2 ^$ v' e/ Q7 L" J0 a6 l. CYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.. R0 j8 Y0 c; l2 ^$ V2 R0 _9 d
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)7 a4 F+ ~: F D9 C
(9)doubting Thomas:: x" b# [- [5 O4 ]- W b4 Y
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
" M% R% t8 ^4 Y2 s+ N(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
8 z/ }1 u/ ^% S! p(当名词用)
* G, l* C: t- k$ t9 A8 |例如:! f& e. z8 r, t+ ^! c) N
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.& b6 U; K8 p/ T/ X2 |2 ^3 C
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
* F8 s+ @! O2 h# `7 ?+ Y* kThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
$ l" D' B4 L3 h% Y' c( L(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
$ ]) Q6 I8 W/ M1 \) B- e也可用复数:' y3 h: W4 }+ g# Z3 }
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
# ]* ?) x0 t8 _* b" i(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)- |& W6 l/ I- {3 ]+ Z* D5 w8 _1 U
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.& q8 i- p) M% I7 W
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)9 h( V' P- z; |; N% Z+ p4 z6 t+ l
(10)dragon lady:. x E8 R6 K$ u- o/ W8 G
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
" `4 |6 Z6 Z2 L2 l/ x: O1 O0 t例如:3 k9 X0 O/ M2 [/ x: D7 E; S
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.. B# z' d6 J( S+ U2 E& U1 P" H( f
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
. j* o* G; H5 V0 {I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
' Q. J/ O4 Z2 I( p6 U(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
+ v& n* g" [% m% s* @Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?* g, S5 V: @# _1 ]
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
# y! z: W8 @; C1 O5 c: x也可用复数:4 }2 Z9 _) [: m7 H
There may be many dragon ladies in our community. O1 }; X+ |# j) \% E" D4 `
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)3 I) n7 g y% J/ ~, S1 f. Z5 ~* _
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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