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谈英语俚语5 p8 ~4 s' `, X4 }& t3 I3 P+ K' L
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! q% `* ?. w6 |1 [" D, F在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯8 v3 l* h3 \$ Q" I0 N
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
: h' }. S% }0 n+ E1 d; p, r' E若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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1 q, Z- S* E- g2 Y/ l& m N(1) empty suit:+ b2 |& }: f/ s1 j
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
7 Q7 R& l" Q% ]0 N(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)+ R) n1 o! p9 ?1 J+ G( Z
例如:
$ L. k- h+ ]# [ ?& `. f( YAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.* r9 c, ?; C% L, a: ?: z
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
. t+ b) n2 T: D9 O& A; TMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.7 Z& e# g3 h( C8 G: q5 G
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
% ]% `+ z7 W6 v A虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
# A' h+ M2 P" b: e1 VThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
5 O2 u# o; `+ }$ f0 X! i' ](这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
. I1 }# i- x3 M/ Q(2) fair-haired boy:
2 q- ^& z R4 E) `: i指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)2 E3 ~8 a( p6 W/ |3 y' u7 ]4 G
(通常用单数,当名词用)
# X, |6 w8 d+ h% k* i+ T) [例如:
$ B2 `8 h0 v! o3 T4 t" q% UMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
$ j3 t8 G# j( Z" g1 C( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)) O4 A9 n* U1 D, [: `# Q% _1 w. Z
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.# Y: K+ b8 b2 m6 t
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。), C* A9 R, V/ c2 o
有时也可用复数:
3 _6 z) h1 k) \9 rMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.4 ?" H! d9 u+ H$ y
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
9 R4 H7 }, c M& J- Q( b) R4 m7 ?Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
9 g& M: R. q$ u3 s6 U+ ^(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)5 y6 P% T u7 s& z) ^) t- |: x
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
( r" o! V& B( x4 ^2 g5 B; `(3) fishing expedition:
. N, Z2 @/ g: y. q2 \为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
: S4 L# ~" k2 d8 h a" R* l: ^& X(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)$ W. V2 j2 }* h% M2 B
例如:
4 n9 \5 w5 w4 ~3 HThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
" j, g# U' Z2 x4 {- D(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
% `" b& F5 x, P, xThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
) t6 ~" b4 z4 Q(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)) U; _& K1 ?1 d/ |3 Z
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)% ?+ T# I1 N/ o
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
5 e! v( E# h! h/ u(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
1 I& a& I, n8 h0 ?5 F偶尔也有人用复数:; i/ V: ^ a( \: j
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
/ v( l) i' |3 q2 u$ |(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
; G! s2 T8 h' f0 z' V& Y3 r(4) filthy rich:; J8 l# H' T }4 I2 z! P- F$ T6 g
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
' |% r7 A# B6 ^; d+ f' p(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)" ~ U6 s, Z- v! }+ [! ^
多半当形容词用。例如:1 H% b7 m+ G: }( `
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.8 u# I& }; f. z! d& K! L
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
! i/ P, @& \# |3 a2 f2 \5 HDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way." O/ E' A, J; O/ a
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
$ s, |. N. L9 a* k. D5 b/ `0 iA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.. }- U$ b8 d# V4 c
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)' e/ d) {) y/ V+ E" ^
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.; d+ x* n/ j. {* ^- J/ r+ j
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)- }, m% {% A( L2 H" p4 ` X
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)$ r. x) e9 O, g e
(5) fairy godmother:
' U" o. |& r% B/ _" p7 b5 B指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
! d9 o, ^5 k% y, K" |: u7 u) f(多半指有钱的女人)
2 g* l- z1 ~& j; p4 A2 @(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:+ `# a. W/ ^! E4 ]- ]
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.4 Z; O- K$ _( M$ u( D0 \* M& f, q
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
- E# x d' B, j: U9 MAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
. m3 B5 U3 N; T* b$ X) s(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)/ F2 [, @) m, Q1 d
有时也用复数:
+ U$ M3 [, `( xOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
# t0 v& o, w5 n( W/ j5 z5 Z& N(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
+ {( i0 | ~1 Y J' B: vIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.) r P! t/ S- o- ]3 M
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)) Q! s1 I$ g1 k' D1 F& f+ ]: Q
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6)eye opener:
! U. F% Y# i7 j. o) _指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)! I' k u0 L/ ?6 y
(当名词用;通常只用单数)+ r n# ?4 z t7 V) t7 w1 c0 m8 E
例如:/ o; [8 g) ^0 I& w: N5 q* j6 U. v
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
4 t8 ~. M+ b3 g' [2 ^5 D(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
1 F0 X0 n: i* z8 @0 ` D5 C2 i2 ZMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener. D3 F! y/ Y4 ? m& B
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)6 f2 u4 e: O! u( j1 }
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
4 ^0 W- N2 L1 s(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
1 A7 r2 }6 T5 y( w FSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.) [# x0 a1 @" K& {6 d; O7 A
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
6 |2 N8 l* \3 h1 a(7) hot dog:2 o* P/ @3 \. x( C7 ?5 A5 A( {
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)8 _ z2 @$ y( n; g1 j. X' |
例如:
. |. Z& R3 ]4 ^8 ?# eSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
4 A v2 p" M4 }6 \7 {1 T(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
7 Y9 z: Z& u/ @$ x8 w5 L(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)$ {2 Y+ b& `) [2 Q) a& ^5 {
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
; \: v( t7 W/ x |! B( B1 {( W(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)8 n2 M3 Q6 A% n1 r4 T; n
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)1 P4 a+ e: U G
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.+ v: i% [1 }% b# S* y0 i
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)7 g( v' t% @. j. J7 F3 O
也指真正的热狗食物:
* ~) R( l/ A2 a% JThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S. r. X+ s1 K) Z' G
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
1 B7 ~/ D# I5 y4 P3 d9 G z7 C6 `也可表达欣赏的心情:( _- g1 M- _* w* s+ C
Hot dog ! What great news for me.& z# c/ F9 Y0 X
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
' e* y, n% B/ n- U: ?(8)eager beaver:7 o+ e+ k4 U& \6 f- Q9 f: A
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)' E+ {! Z- |0 O/ i
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)# `1 Y# F: `7 Q; h5 E+ H+ D1 u
(当名词用,可指男女)$ d, ^( ~/ Q; @& l4 ]7 f; J
例如:6 w) [" S# k8 O3 o
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
7 ~8 s- q6 l8 s! y5 B(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)" i4 f- I' y" I& f
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
# p1 l, @0 |) w' C3 c; a# H- a" L(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
1 `" T1 X. U9 ]) v$ P8 e' P: pDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
% A0 q4 ^: F6 c: }& A8 l(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?); J$ y4 z& N3 ^( ?0 o, y7 u- M
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.- Q6 h) u- R! v, n: K# Z
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)# ^8 v7 ~. s0 c% }. ]5 c& P
(9)doubting Thomas:+ D& T5 _ K, x2 p* P5 ~* X
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
3 O0 ]. t: m7 z: L) U% m- A(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)( w" r; Q% G8 M! N" O& A4 L. B
(当名词用)
8 E& r0 J; G5 O# E7 s例如:$ E) B4 {9 S* }! |
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.- N2 K, Z- D* |, a" o9 t
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
3 Y% l$ q8 Y! T1 o. Z1 Y/ pThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.# ? l A% ]/ V0 E. e7 b2 p
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)1 v! s+ a+ U2 M5 e
也可用复数:; e7 [) s: X, p O/ U; U, @0 O
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.; ]% ?7 j. \" Z |+ {* @
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。): Y& |6 }+ G2 f1 w
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
# _& _5 r i# f9 E; K(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
V; L m* c1 s% F7 h i(10)dragon lady:/ \8 j& ]# E% k, b) l, s. K
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
* L, Q. z G8 {0 |例如:0 A4 t$ @8 p* c( V" B& D, W) ?
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.( M4 a4 @4 D/ @
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。). D4 E$ R' s3 C* L% V' z' B1 |
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
: c! \ L) Q% R! B% G(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
" ~$ d8 A8 a8 w6 z: E i, B" oShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
( T" h% t" U9 z& j6 I9 @' ?(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)4 ~0 x" m V3 S# A+ u, ^; N
也可用复数:6 r8 m8 r: U% Y
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
$ T' Q" b) o1 _1 Z: N2 J. I(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。): w. X4 Z" g* a
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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