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谈英语俚语3 H. R, u ]$ j& `- ~9 X& d w
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
2 A9 {+ ~3 s0 S& C- D% W" U, U* N之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。0 B% q9 O3 S) i5 H
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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' r+ v# y ?- n( X# k) z" J" V(1) empty suit:0 c+ [- {* Y" E# H9 k0 f) Q8 y
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。: C& {% ]+ Q9 I% P2 N
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)" O# {1 M( ?: T% S8 C6 q; ^9 w( T
例如:. a1 ~6 B6 Y! t# B- }
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
7 W( |; D6 {% @) y. M0 e4 \, y(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)2 y6 b& v1 p8 n- C
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
, }% [9 t8 f, R8 C2 H- G(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
: ]. S# r; X- V7 i8 b4 |) B虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:+ a2 o& A1 J# z: v d8 b5 \8 w
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
. n% D G' f0 f* A+ b3 j(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
# J1 y& G# X B$ Z" S(2) fair-haired boy:
% F5 u& s% r& t* @, v) N* _指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
# L* J$ R, o1 O6 ]; ]" _: q(通常用单数,当名词用)
- w( A7 `, k6 g5 g8 Y例如:
* e/ V- h1 F% A e$ z; yMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
9 }' n4 R+ g, Z7 l( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)! F( j7 @) @* Q
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.2 Y! G5 k) E9 i8 i8 w) \/ ?
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)6 z$ ~; V8 v1 M) q! Q6 T' d0 z
有时也可用复数:
$ I5 _( {/ E$ }* C K9 cMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
9 \5 D$ G# n7 m3 l: a$ z5 B( [(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)6 w( o* S; O9 o& r7 v
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
7 \! @6 |2 ~. s2 s+ I(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
& [; K9 S' |# J% V. Z7 u/ H+ o(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
% C) v/ m& _% P. J1 |' K( U(3) fishing expedition:
3 m0 f0 j" ]" R0 ~* n8 _4 i为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)! ]# C) ]9 \1 T3 c
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
/ r8 m1 s4 q4 X* j例如:
; P; \$ J1 D! z) h4 t# k; gThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
1 ~" |- y4 a: T0 q" K(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)' W' o" D5 `$ l+ K& \/ p
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.+ Z8 a( o. n! _' J2 P$ z2 _
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)1 X0 x5 d* S$ m; A8 E `
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict): F5 ]4 y- L$ i. E9 x% Z
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.7 Z! x# _8 k- n& I: P- t
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
6 p5 ]2 K4 m6 _$ k偶尔也有人用复数:) B B, x p) q, e
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
& m4 k0 `2 [+ I1 o- t. u(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
2 {. @6 F& ^/ C( o# j" `1 I: l(4) filthy rich:
; [: Z# u. @" o7 N( A2 e* S# t意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)6 |& e5 ~/ m+ v3 h. {& j) Z
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
. o4 X9 F3 i( `2 @+ T多半当形容词用。例如:
5 R2 T4 a- D6 h2 ^3 ^# h' }: O' rWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
) B+ f( ~) Q5 A1 f. S. D* | S/ Z( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)) ]" Y- J! J# L3 c0 F' N9 {
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.) f1 W& V# ]6 S Y* Q( J
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)( ?+ I- m% L$ ^# T6 O
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
2 A; [6 Z% B6 j/ T. k" H! }; j(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
: B) S2 P' b& X5 i" ]Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
$ |/ R0 E) `. P. d4 M6 t7 P(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)2 @8 m+ ^5 ]/ Q. u
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)" J: a B% E# _7 a5 P8 D, B0 K" B6 K, }8 g
(5) fairy godmother:: c4 J$ K- n9 b3 ]0 ~. g& G$ w
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)2 V. N% h5 V' E6 l0 ?- ?/ h9 }
(多半指有钱的女人)
2 R5 o7 T6 U8 F) Y(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
, X6 s. @* s, C* E' y% r9 ]Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars., l) P: ^" H4 N% h& {5 g* W& C
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。). y7 y; |6 b/ K+ A5 C: v
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
. p0 _! L& X: G$ ]' B: k(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
6 C5 L8 m+ ] z6 [! n有时也用复数:6 l: F" z* t5 d% N6 ~, c* N
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers. S9 d0 [/ f! t" o
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 H+ n" e( j2 p/ SIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.% J4 T0 {7 ?0 E! g" e
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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) R9 Z3 h9 S q# A% }8 R6)eye opener:
: s$ a* B1 i* A: R1 k指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
9 \0 C7 E% g2 h3 T" D6 X(当名词用;通常只用单数)0 Z6 U9 m7 q [& m
例如:
+ l5 @" ^9 c: l6 l$ f9 jYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters." ] o3 e1 e" }; v1 k5 H- E8 y' O
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
- f/ y4 u W$ }/ g T& l8 tMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.( G4 U, M4 _" l c/ I! P
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
( t$ z E6 j7 v- y& ]1 bThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
( F2 V5 J5 @$ W$ s0 {(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
9 L( E/ n6 V& _6 r' GSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.! f; X. m: e* z8 X3 N) ~
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
( p4 X* H1 R1 c1 S" B0 |% x(7) hot dog:# M/ m& v; x3 @! R& \& K- C
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
4 {; R9 }" B) Z A; \例如:
: C" |1 P- [, zSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
- O5 ~6 o, t# f7 R% [, X! J2 ?(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)$ l6 l2 R4 u& n
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
7 t1 I1 n+ `8 v0 O1 ]4 ?In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
( x2 ~5 ?- i- R/ I& Y(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
/ ~; i9 G# f! N; c/ e% t(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
3 V3 k; h6 | B) f) y; J, B2 ^During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.8 r0 j) k/ m4 V8 t
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)) M& ^3 D; t$ q E3 X
也指真正的热狗食物:, f8 [( U) f# K3 b- r m3 T
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
6 b/ f7 P) T+ r$ q: P7 K) I(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)! p1 b( e7 C4 h0 Q% {) I
也可表达欣赏的心情:
7 g9 H- n2 b1 ?9 h; gHot dog ! What great news for me.. l! {- i5 `; @# r+ W( a3 E4 c
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)$ h2 f7 Q5 ?2 O+ p
(8)eager beaver:" J; T! {, k( q5 v
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)* j M+ o! ?& s! [# e8 f2 i& X
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
& s5 h9 ]. u4 h$ `(当名词用,可指男女)
- P- V2 m4 V/ H- U; H1 ]8 P例如:- f U5 E4 P( e. K' B
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
u- r5 |8 |2 b7 R" S(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
6 ~5 S; L! n- j5 ]1 kBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues. ^8 w. i" Q' W+ S) h1 T
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
) |, ]3 M4 O# q7 n4 k$ |$ DDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?. @9 @7 ^* j8 e6 e6 b' x
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?). o5 j" ?& O3 \% ~
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.) l w# a1 W ?* ]6 o1 V' n/ x
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)! l& f- m" ^, u) j8 Q) Y
(9)doubting Thomas:: b- L; Q9 e, O2 W) y+ N
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
# Y* O9 X' i E' }, u( P(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
7 q" r& u5 i8 \2 K7 b& c8 s(当名词用)
, l8 V1 _: K, a% p3 l, r G例如:) r1 m4 @* a/ P \+ F8 a7 @6 i
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.5 V% a/ z4 @! X
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。); R3 i5 p) N. F
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.! L1 h1 k- l1 O9 O8 X9 y+ [
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。): F8 O7 D' ]) }) y5 R) a
也可用复数:
) ^1 a( s; W8 x: SMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.% ?4 @0 F* O5 v$ ]
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
/ s1 y4 _" z/ [4 }3 J. B# S! OIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.% V$ x& r) C& i7 t0 x- O# W4 v
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
9 Y: |6 D; o0 t- J: v4 q(10)dragon lady:' D0 [) z) w k+ v
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)( j+ \* D9 u) I# h
例如:
: `, `1 O2 M9 ?7 TThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
( b/ A7 e- v* a$ G v5 e) U(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
9 q9 w4 t( \! Z1 ?I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.- F- t+ q& f! C' o, C
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)$ v% t! f0 C3 E4 e1 F+ X
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?, Z, { d+ |4 U/ Z0 K. j
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
1 B% J) |, M6 J2 f* F v' O; W也可用复数:
- ]; U. y, _7 B: IThere may be many dragon ladies in our community./ U8 z% { p% ^* D; d
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
8 r3 z% G3 s) [注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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