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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语1 ]2 ?* d9 \, W# O
+ W2 f- Q, n0 _" R$ e

1 q2 H9 B! }, o1 X3 E$ _在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯7 P1 `5 _: @( T: v
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
7 {+ v. _& T6 ]: ?% ~! i7 z若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!1 [8 s8 C0 t/ x: T1 q" u4 T( p1 M

6 |, s  e$ Z0 R0 s(1) empty suit:
/ X# ?- ?6 G8 _0 ^( f9 ^6 R3 W- u指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。0 ?0 c) o0 ^) }- e$ v4 u
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。): a8 e/ R8 Q, T5 }
例如:% \+ b! U4 p( D
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.5 L1 R" J( D$ \/ Z! v
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
7 P2 R1 W  T+ j- d! Z" q9 sMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
5 o) P/ J: S0 l( L5 ]/ R(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)5 Y8 N0 B0 S2 b
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:# U. K: h% _/ A: ^+ {# ?
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.2 e, z0 X0 P0 Q
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
/ V! m  u! t0 u/ r% w(2) fair-haired boy:
, r0 q2 F  @/ t8 Q$ F2 E指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
+ e0 d! a8 k( J2 q, G(通常用单数,当名词用)
" C& Z$ B# E! g1 b. V例如:; O0 S( Q* s" h6 s
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
2 r6 o5 \) ?) P4 y9 V( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
& J; H8 d$ E. R5 G8 E9 J3 c! y" QNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.' j, t: r8 u2 `' ]
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
$ a! W* g/ \1 X8 _# ?. [有时也可用复数:+ c+ K+ K! b1 L8 B9 V+ c" J5 ?! C
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
; \6 U' Z& z( U" j(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
, s/ r& W- t) k5 ?! {3 n$ m1 M, yFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.# g! q( y" z4 d3 \/ X: `8 y
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)" _; V. V1 ]# w7 ^; {5 \
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
7 V% H3 {! J; j$ m' W(3) fishing expedition:
4 h8 c. O5 c- P% g- b4 Z8 L* H为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
% h; S+ E; y! o4 L; c(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)0 i) G3 t5 N  w! O0 y) Z
例如:( N# p( z7 c  W+ x
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.( g. A1 @: |; ^# {& F
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
6 f" R  g0 r, M6 T2 _: VThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.* Q  p0 U! f3 r% ^- ?3 j) K
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
0 f; z9 ~8 V3 g+ S1 d* X(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)" @/ P" x. G7 N! R8 V
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.9 T& @. l6 Z4 R# O$ V% g6 Z" V
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
# g: P7 ]: X3 r$ Z: ]偶尔也有人用复数:. i+ _, Z/ ?, z* |4 T: d
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
9 N, ?3 ^3 y" c: C# p+ j3 r(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
5 T. h3 k6 e; h) t" |! B(4) filthy rich:
& k4 W3 Y- w5 h# ^# @意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
$ l, ~7 S2 Q1 l7 b" p) J9 z(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
  U( M1 P4 c' E" X3 e多半当形容词用。例如:
, D% k* w) ~. h7 w) `7 f/ ]With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
9 V6 l; J" s! r# \  L( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)7 R" e) a5 q0 n, }! `# Q. S
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.! b5 V4 p" G  Q/ @) a
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)( c! x% V: p/ }  N& m/ F% ?2 b
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
' c2 ?+ D* w* j) Z! Q. T) i: c/ O(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
" W+ _( i3 j1 v# m0 x& nFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.: B( d. B" |/ ~) C
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)! a' M$ U% i0 C2 \7 O  z8 {
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
$ l  s* s8 w/ h% X+ Z& K+ O(5) fairy godmother:
8 o  ^1 A1 @8 \  l- P* N指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
# \; D( ~* k+ s+ b(多半指有钱的女人)
8 f, L8 e* A* u( j1 x! K) E9 v1 k, c(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:, P+ p8 z5 c0 ^( l3 Q
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
9 e* `% G: F2 J: G2 L- Z' U" e& e* d(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
4 T! S2 [* |) J2 A# pAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.' F; u2 A0 A: n8 R4 ?! S% A
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)$ z: v( i) k) z; a
有时也用复数:
% w8 Q6 T/ c" v' x% G( t& K4 h/ pOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.' F. K0 Q! z4 `. N" t; O/ k
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
2 G0 j7 }! T" \" T' n9 BIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
# D( z3 J7 V& W# {/ w(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)# W5 W/ G2 V; ^6 R; T: k2 C

( }8 h* _, z0 @2 h! z8 z& Z& C1 a' k/ q8 B6 W7 r1 |  B- X! W( L8 v7 Z! x3 E
6)eye opener:
. Y' R/ `9 ]1 T; I! W指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)% y# b( t+ K$ M5 E$ ~
(当名词用;通常只用单数). @3 m8 e4 A3 a/ |7 H
例如:
; @8 b# |$ o2 Z: \$ c7 ^Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
6 w, N; h( q& U+ y(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
4 l6 s8 r! P: O7 }Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.  n. s4 R5 Y5 y7 h
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。); n: R9 R- }4 h$ X! [5 ~1 R. @$ _
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.! W+ _* D; @) j# P  B
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)' t  a5 w8 X& a) \* G3 Q* g  S
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
4 ^2 ^. I" u1 C& N; J) s2 W(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
' w8 Z% L- N5 m. W0 M1 Q(7) hot dog:
4 ^& v2 V  s% d, T7 G1 A9 A- N4 c- Q2 Y指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)  o6 b+ a" ~) a: |" q
例如:3 J: i$ q  \6 Q! B( D3 k5 s1 d
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.) }+ I! m0 T8 a8 m+ J3 c8 u8 T
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
. A3 F! l& w. }* r(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)$ u8 }8 @; u7 d' d# L- ?
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
+ V: _2 |" F7 f5 X: ^(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。); r/ }4 G* b$ B3 t. P, B
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
) h6 O! P  P, n) F6 m2 k1 @During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.1 Q9 |& o9 Q0 R# E& w" x9 y1 x
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
; d; {- y: |4 n+ ~9 p也指真正的热狗食物:
1 d; }5 F. A. `; LThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
$ _! k7 \) m2 I& }(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。), `) A0 o1 ^' F) i
也可表达欣赏的心情:
* \" i3 l6 ~8 Y7 }; \& o; F! EHot dog ! What great news for me.# V4 j3 U. u% {2 y, I
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
' N( U0 B, E) ?* ?* D(8)eager beaver:
; b6 g+ g4 C' I+ ]! i指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)5 f: @3 W( j: `% d( v7 [4 R
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。): I' G+ S. N. @' h4 x% f3 C' _
(当名词用,可指男女)  c, U5 S; a) n  e3 J1 m
例如:
; @7 X8 D6 d5 ~/ {# ^/ y3 fJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
$ p% d; |% M1 V; ]* `(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)7 @* M7 w$ y- {% _
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
2 @$ P9 l+ ?. E' z2 D) |3 e(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)- l1 f/ h" P( D% u# C6 L
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?4 [% T  T+ s8 r" z/ p, I# T: h$ a
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)4 [7 A6 ^! L% {5 W
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.! C$ D( \$ a6 T6 y0 b: x* M
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。): d! |, A! J% ?# a8 j3 C
(9)doubting Thomas:3 J- `2 ^3 ~3 F9 l+ |/ j1 O4 w
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)! e* n# F" X: a; r) o+ n; J
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)5 w0 o) [: d: i' i  z4 b9 T
(当名词用); e, K( ^) }$ N, I3 v. F
例如:
0 q/ Y, ^4 q- j6 E' pI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
1 |! h+ a5 u( Z6 h- v# o4 i(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。): r% P$ u& a2 ?% Y! z; O  f# [
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.* m9 {3 L* }$ u+ i7 m
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。), o6 `$ B; U3 ]% G6 T
也可用复数:) ^0 R5 N8 h) j3 ?3 _, m& L
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
( G0 m& v2 a: O6 `(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
* N$ a/ g) O6 l0 mIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
! Y# d$ j: b2 h4 v* I8 {* ~; u(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)6 v: L! S7 \+ c4 q
(10)dragon lady:
/ d" A/ y% w$ I. w指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)# K  p1 ^" f  b
例如:8 g6 A. L$ h; V- g8 k
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.1 H" {# H) L( h
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)0 I. G0 ~( u! K' {( Z8 W
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
, Z7 ?5 @' B, k7 g1 T8 s" f(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
/ B2 a) P5 l' X: C6 t. y; ?Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?6 c6 Q4 q! p( p* k( M
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
+ m! e7 V& r# I2 Z也可用复数:
3 f* S' C1 S2 _6 A* zThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
3 c# Z. M. T. }, N* Y4 G(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
4 l+ j" _' }/ h6 Y注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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