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Can you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?7 j M/ d5 T* O7 h' D6 _
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.3 w" t7 Y9 I+ G4 O6 x: i' C
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.# b, O" `" {2 y% d" \
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.( m+ d. g3 k, \3 q: ^: F, k; ~
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
$ M# Q7 Y1 U3 d, a& Q7 r6 hThe first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
; I3 L1 x* b* ~ QThe country codes used are :. Q- k% C5 X' ~6 |5 ~. R
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CODE \COUNTRY4 _. P2 K& O& n U6 x1 h
00-13 USA & Canada
! n- w: g1 z- O5 m. j7 `20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
8 r7 W! b t2 q# D- m# M30-37 France u/ f& }; D& @
380 Bulgaria
6 N6 r2 D, {) V! `383 Slovenia
% i" e% g, C( Z" A& i5 E7 B& k385 Croatia
" J+ t A. N/ v387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
$ J) M5 z' a7 d400-440 Germany e9 Q/ L3 s) m
45 Japan( F0 W6 M- B; ]0 b6 H2 @
46 Russian Federation
$ t$ n& O v8 d% `471 Taiwan" m( z9 c6 X$ C. P2 v
474 Estonia' b7 O3 C- v: M5 l8 x+ }: U4 F
475 Latvia
0 r! T; a4 N1 b2 D' u: H) ^476 Azerbaijan1 C0 i* v7 C- D9 H: s
477 Lithuania9 w* X' l+ G! O0 {7 Z) X
478 Uzbekistan
7 Q: a1 A" F- h479 Sri Lanka4 C% Y; z( t* C; f
480 Philippines
- J4 x% K5 x$ c, K2 Z6 u" h481 Belarus3 h9 r. L. }& W/ N$ @
482 Ukraine4 V3 S: p L# I
484 Moldova1 Q8 l4 g& p% @
485 Armenia
$ u S/ d; O8 L6 \ `0 p9 a486 Georgia: k; M! s" b N0 m8 r
487 Kazakhstan
, q+ p) I* i" W489 Hong Kong
$ ]3 S' x; Z$ G0 d2 X: l49 Japan
7 [4 P( a4 h9 f% R50 UK8 W4 [6 v4 ]) e" Y) f9 L( a/ q
520 Greece
) b# w" {( \1 o, x) h8 ?' `& s528 Lebanon
! N; P1 P$ k2 y0 t2 x529 Cyprus
' j- `2 i. e3 ?# o$ O& b531 Macedonia+ `$ Q0 O" V6 @ ~+ }: f2 q J
535 Malta
; a* N5 ^3 S: Y539 Ireland
& n( |$ s5 p5 t6 e' o54 Belgium & Luxembourg, Y+ O) N$ b. x- `) ]* _* Y( }
560 Portugal
" X$ g. ~/ r% J! B569 Iceland7 ?2 w$ m! D3 j$ c1 Y2 ?
57 Denmark: O' b% y+ v1 S; T: \" ~2 m
590 Poland
& e7 f4 W, R1 F/ C1 B6 f2 ?2 `4 w4 c594 Romania
0 y4 q6 h) H6 f: e2 p599 Hungary' V6 T$ P$ b- f
600-601 South Africa
1 s' i! V$ v. u1 z609 Mauritius
6 L. d- A% t4 M8 k611 Morocco
& f4 n$ d" b/ y {613 Algeria2 o# R* k0 d; y6 y+ Z* t
619 Tunisia
3 ]) |, I. `- T l) H3 S621 Syria; r% T- B+ o6 M2 f+ q
622 Egypt
6 d' l3 [& E( n7 v624 Libya
3 \( l. ?1 i& b) T: \625 Jordan
9 p: q/ d: u2 @8 N2 ?( T5 \8 K4 B626 Iran
- u- ^- ?8 m( v2 a627 Kuwait
9 L7 f0 ]) {$ D. G$ N: F. i$ @628 Saudi Arabia& c0 D% T* F) x, H
629 United Arab Emirates; e4 j0 J: b, G# K
64 Finland
" G8 i* Y+ q. S. x6 G* g6 [3 [- u690-692 China
$ E% ^, C6 [ s/ G% b3 S0 L, b' w# E% T70 Norway
! H; [8 ?. G J, p& ]) h729 Israel
9 l ?5 y+ ~( A+ L: n7 j/ y8 [73 Sweden( S8 W L" B: y, E; p: @9 Z
740 Guatemala
) p6 z2 t- s; C1 U7 J7 G9 v. K& B741 El Salvador
# c4 x- h$ j6 h3 \7 a742 Honduras% P# m6 d! H/ N- {8 x
743 Nicaragua
+ B ^* J J2 ?% z* R; @& f+ A! D744 Costa Rica/ y! P( H6 d" W4 { O
745 Panama/ C* _! ]' D8 \+ }+ `( _
746 Dominican Republic% [& B5 Y' H- e; y8 B
750 Mexico
Q" k" E' n2 a; n759 Venezuela" `. O( E/ G: k- i$ n$ y( [3 Q
76 Switzerland
6 ^0 t, m0 }6 w& q, c% E2 L770 Colombia: K0 I; B# E7 m; a3 Y: y
773 Uruguay# B, F* ]8 `0 H! D% @
775 Peru2 m. @7 _1 L7 M
777 Bolivia
: u! U/ A, v! G4 v0 q) f, H& A779 Argentina7 x( |6 i% M" a% M
780 Chile
4 B0 i6 ]; |/ m" i) O. C784 Paraguay
8 u& ?: s1 }3 I4 ~6 I785 Peru% P3 v2 Z. }" r: O
786 Ecuador
$ Q6 S( Q( S3 W( h! X5 q& G8 g789 Brazil7 w% q0 x3 T( A, `5 f
80-83 Italy
- m# f# e. t1 G& U% @ P" z" C% j; C84 Spain
1 r, c/ T) j, o4 @+ C850 Cuba$ s9 X+ B# v: o1 v
858 Slovakia
8 l' @4 ?% p1 G1 z' w, p% |/ O" v859 Czech Republic
2 j7 A2 |: f8 K/ m- L/ t9 E860 Serbia & Montenegro
! g& ]. t2 a) p& j; A7 a- `+ ^869 Turkey% |! t# f- o) P" \& _; x
87 Netherlands# _2 W+ r( h8 h) p
880 South Korea
+ {: Z0 A3 \( N5 h" g. c6 i0 ?* `885 Thailand2 u7 V- K+ J0 Q: j& P, o c
888 Singapore6 w# F% X$ i6 S, S0 L' E
890 India
/ o' j, p6 e+ L) O) N7 f893 Vietnam" x$ o) ]$ F; T
899 Indonesia
& ~6 G m/ L3 t9 L- q90 -91 Austria
% V# U1 F- | W& K% d8 Z93 Australia
) R' }* M7 W& U94 New Zealand8 k0 g1 U4 x, z+ m" ^, i0 P
955 Malaysia
$ b9 e* ?* S( J. Q5 M) z- W958 Macau
4 X1 K, K9 K( F! A977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
' c* U7 [8 a& C0 O9 x+ p% s& ^* `978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
' ], k) p) Q' N8 w& g& O* w979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number): ~( N7 r. a W6 F) r. N. D
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm$ P. G8 q0 C" ~( m5 C( v
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