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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 6 ^" t, Q% V5 [0 s" c$ X9 g c
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6 X9 W6 q6 m3 Q# L5 k4 vCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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( k3 V5 a3 _5 Z- X! G/ JBar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
, C/ K, [" {1 S9 ABar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
4 S, G0 l& e& X5 [3 S5 G% m6 dThe Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.# G [( O' o2 q T/ ~
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
3 Y5 N; c, F5 j( ]0 e+ pThe first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
7 Q+ w8 P2 k. x9 U4 j6 }6 \The country codes used are :
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/ S, s. `& O$ ^- n) c4 JCODE \COUNTRY
. E+ l9 `; g5 {00-13 USA & Canada+ Z) w& o' i* a- L( A
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
6 e8 S9 t- t* ^0 n" \0 h30-37 France
, j" J% w. U& _380 Bulgaria4 n3 d, n; j! A
383 Slovenia6 M( k7 P( i! S8 }9 I
385 Croatia/ H, d9 S# o4 ^& }0 i# B+ U) E# w
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina: X3 m9 |; y0 a! z- P6 z
400-440 Germany* ]# C% I: o4 Y' r5 c( j. l
45 Japan
9 z$ w& K5 `+ [) G46 Russian Federation, e8 [" {2 \. F8 t, D% ]! i
471 Taiwan
5 u2 M4 |6 e! }7 g: _474 Estonia+ E4 e, Y8 ?1 l9 F( L0 |
475 Latvia/ v7 n# o/ r. p& o2 h- ^* ^' e9 e
476 Azerbaijan
" m1 t1 [1 F* D$ k/ W477 Lithuania) v; G/ X& g2 k5 u4 F
478 Uzbekistan a' x) W; I; \9 D
479 Sri Lanka
% M# X2 M7 O2 w1 h- f. H480 Philippines
# V! I9 ]; C0 e* J* N3 Q1 U; j. g481 Belarus. I) X; p* _" }( d" Y- p; M7 n* [
482 Ukraine5 I# H4 K' A' n" z9 S" X3 E
484 Moldova$ k) [* _6 n8 e9 O& w
485 Armenia5 t6 M- M5 M' R$ H8 \
486 Georgia) D4 f- M/ F0 a$ |
487 Kazakhstan
- t8 _( P6 y, s. I( Q3 G/ f& @489 Hong Kong
" i! K) K/ l' d" X49 Japan k$ S4 W# b9 R1 X) _
50 UK
" \' C! C. g6 x) p5 Z520 Greece. D: {/ f$ }2 x% e& }
528 Lebanon
! w, A, E) ^( y _529 Cyprus
8 x7 S. N% O; z7 U/ K( M531 Macedonia% f# h5 u. t8 R
535 Malta
" l6 i7 @& R9 n3 J: `' p2 W) B539 Ireland
* V( p( D( d* k0 A9 b! z54 Belgium & Luxembourg
5 C: V9 h( n* K. w6 W( D) q560 Portugal: }( [3 i/ z; \9 Q$ p
569 Iceland
- Q) w2 Q. n% ^* |- B. ?$ E57 Denmark
) X3 ?, d7 o% F) n/ D590 Poland
" D5 c1 O! X5 b; R594 Romania
! |- D5 U0 u* z% e599 Hungary
- H6 ^6 V, J* z) V! `600-601 South Africa) O7 P# o0 N: E1 X) b" ~5 |* O
609 Mauritius# H% o; N5 }' w8 J( n
611 Morocco
# _, Y& t+ l$ h0 _; F- o# q5 l613 Algeria
1 P/ B% _2 x( T5 K2 ^619 Tunisia+ d- l% c, e v, e& f/ g$ ?4 [* o
621 Syria( k+ j9 i$ w& y% z1 d% z8 ?- _! X
622 Egypt
* r& f; i( |. p5 }) n0 g624 Libya
$ b' b( w9 N0 @5 {( G0 u625 Jordan x8 _* _% K# Y- \- h! _
626 Iran
8 p2 m4 ]4 s2 M: E3 Z# a' n627 Kuwait
1 f* a/ h8 I, \, I1 n# i! p) l* ~628 Saudi Arabia
; D1 i* T$ V/ b# o3 d/ D629 United Arab Emirates& l) G/ C* q1 y; N1 I, m
64 Finland
( P' [: O& G/ d- r! c* K; u690-692 China
3 O' e( A- X5 [- }70 Norway
7 T G; T; p7 H4 m' C& E/ U9 J7 C729 Israel
( A8 y" g( a0 M# r73 Sweden
1 V* _+ {$ e0 U8 b- G' F+ @740 Guatemala6 H% K+ z5 V# t" e9 s
741 El Salvador" f7 n: {, P! w# L# O) Z% z% |/ Z
742 Honduras8 }* y r7 q- {) }
743 Nicaragua. M! A! K- L5 A; w1 z
744 Costa Rica: N7 A' b% g# Y! H) d7 D# ^! w* @
745 Panama, R7 ~0 f! Z; Z4 o+ C9 m3 d; f6 ~1 T
746 Dominican Republic
: {/ G+ K: _& N a5 p; A8 h750 Mexico4 M* e" N# y6 C; W: s0 ~
759 Venezuela' @2 `7 u$ T L4 @8 x2 N% Y
76 Switzerland
6 X; S8 v9 _0 v2 V770 Colombia
, ?( K6 l3 s5 n& x1 T! c U773 Uruguay7 V$ q) t, [3 h+ v& F
775 Peru' d; B; X9 o! q% f& _; }
777 Bolivia- ` u ?2 C) A5 j- C
779 Argentina
$ s- w& \( A/ g2 }' `780 Chile
8 F4 V" F/ w7 ~784 Paraguay
0 t# C u3 K" C0 ~8 o# G8 g* u8 L: ~785 Peru) q" H. [ }1 w% Q% o+ O
786 Ecuador
( c1 e' w8 k$ m9 Y' M4 f+ p; x# E. ]789 Brazil: e3 G9 _' \: i1 b6 `
80-83 Italy
& G) M3 V% K1 t( ~84 Spain8 g2 m: D, W2 T0 Y' I# h
850 Cuba
/ ^% S4 w, Y1 e( v4 R858 Slovakia% A5 y* x' O l6 W
859 Czech Republic1 Y, N8 d' A' a& F" B
860 Serbia & Montenegro& s4 @; }" s0 D8 s. S" {1 S7 b
869 Turkey- f1 |0 B4 n: e" t9 x
87 Netherlands$ L, K0 l9 U: D# {8 j
880 South Korea% e. r( ?) \+ d# ]- Q5 E
885 Thailand
( P2 Y# x1 ^ t& h# h) m! j888 Singapore6 {% ^, P; ]8 ^
890 India( D4 l! o1 I( K: f& \8 L. Q M2 m
893 Vietnam B4 [4 Y2 D3 p! W
899 Indonesia3 M* O6 f. H/ ~2 s5 z$ Z
90 -91 Austria
# S& }" X0 H3 x9 a, K. T% x; B93 Australia
# a3 J5 I, p: M/ _6 W+ S94 New Zealand+ c) w1 v1 X- w9 \
955 Malaysia
L; O! T/ M, [958 Macau% C f$ a2 ^3 r0 }& v. v$ h5 }6 \2 E
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)9 p ] J% q3 G+ `, N# Z
978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
" P6 h- Q7 C8 Z+ V4 f; T2 N h' k979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)$ X E) P1 }+ Z( q L
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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