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英文写作必背句型

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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)+ x+ j8 X7 _& U, z% P: S
~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
- C* \6 w: J- E% s; _! V: g例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.: O' g5 r: i$ P& J. `
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
- a+ T; v8 T8 \7 M! L$ r8 tMr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
, [+ K& h- P; m6 W6 k2 m# @" g3 I张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
4 N8 _( N& h0 G% L1 G# F$ p二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V3 I2 h0 t% t+ I) v. V
Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
+ A! v  l4 n( H! Q: y% J6 c! c$ g, W例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.. t$ l4 K+ c. e5 n9 W% C
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
3 \" q3 }2 v5 q: {/ A. F三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.1 A- M5 U% \1 K5 k- N" x6 y
(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)3 N& l- [' K0 U5 l* U" g" L- }/ `3 q
例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.& g% ~2 ?& z# b
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。& r5 [( R* H+ l+ C
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)
1 W! \- d0 y6 O- L) R, V$ P例句:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.: [! \0 X! ?# m* K# N
不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
; y! ~7 A+ D; L1 F* ]. j, ]. t五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...)
! f) }6 ^% O, S例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.7 g' C8 R8 i/ j" I+ j$ y
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
+ D% c, H; k) }/ s. A& {+ w六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的...)
9 b& {+ P5 ~* p6 ?例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.3 q! V+ p7 R$ h2 D* L4 J
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。. q. M6 `, ?% ~0 K2 m  j# }
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子(...的优点是...)& p) J; `2 D3 ]4 T4 e/ I) U4 M
例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.) a, b+ L9 g5 c8 A
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。" a7 u  V& m/ G
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子(...的原因是...)
- G( U. x9 i! B6 r4 \7 D例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.2 t- S! A1 |! T: i9 g
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.9 ~$ u" T  i$ [  ]( x

* T! Z0 F9 G6 p9 A) q4 k7 c3 A我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。. W: {' L) Y% B/ n  ]' R
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此...以致于...)1 k, J) F# y; v- p  U2 t; X" m
例句:So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.
2 l, N9 |" L6 M7 V& B, j时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。
- T/ d8 S9 [  w  ]4 B十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然...)
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例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.. _: X+ }, |1 J! l, B7 J( I* O
{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
% @, K/ q  d' U$ e, S虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。; e9 z" u, u: a
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~/ s5 L& A2 z% |7 H0 b
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~(愈..,愈...)8 H0 W8 d, }: L9 S
例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.
& T$ ~  f9 d  U+ Z* j1 e你愈努力,你愈进步。
( ~2 \( ~4 f, ~% F8 X& a/ kThe more books we read, the more learned we become.. _  z# @" _0 D: f" I' b. e
我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。. j% D( V% s+ a  C- e3 E
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着...,..能够...)# [, k2 f8 d2 Y" \9 o) V
例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.+ B, i; Q9 L7 N5 A, X, I
借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。
, Y9 s* ?( T- H十三、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (..使..能够..); W& r; \( t( P9 W
例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
; Q; R/ y1 G: D% R- `! f$ @听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
0 B) {+ p0 J" V, w十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能...)" W1 F3 Z' S; ^1 s* o# t
例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
) w. G+ k% L. f+ p我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
1 e, M2 h& M2 r十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是...的时候了)
% n$ a5 _4 i8 m1 e0 i5 h例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.2 [* V, W7 }* b& [% `$ W* A3 O$ C
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
0 }5 [* B, F- n: \十六、Those who ~~~ (...的人...)
5 ~# q  a' `+ U3 n; h. V# O, U例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
8 H* W& `' o8 I! s! f. X2 ]/ C违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。& Q, q: n( ?0 C* A0 y7 I
十七、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不...)  y2 [' I; H& [) N5 C
例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.
. \- I8 s, K" P$ E" V. k; n没有人不渴望上大学。' f* I4 P9 P2 U( k- D
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不...)
! K7 t7 {+ o" q5 y7 k" J例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。
/ W0 S+ }' j! \十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)
  H- R( a; a, kIt is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)" H5 N) T( e9 o8 ]) L
It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)7 n* ~$ I' m2 q
例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
+ X$ n( n/ m8 Q7 t  h" H可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
( i0 L* f% O* r2 S- f. q. F: g% c( n二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是...的原因)
1 E0 {1 w* w/ H. n% b( H0 \) T* M例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it./ K+ W! ?4 h9 h2 i
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
5 [( }& H; e/ L) a% v" ~二十一、For the past + 时间,S + 现在完成式...(过去..年来,..一直..)
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例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.
" P5 j  m: v+ Z0 e+ S4 U过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。8 S, [5 b/ P) `) C' }+ u
二十二、Since + S + 过去式,S + 现在完成式。, j+ H* Z, E# m6 F! M3 a
例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.* J6 H4 o% h, Z* \  f& J& b
自从他上高中,他一直很用功。
* h0 c3 b* F3 _! N# g二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)
! }& E  U0 ~) r: f例句:It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。
. e* S1 w: C; h) k( S6 B8 D二十四、be based on (以...为基础)6 P7 `9 Z- S# C
例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.4 w0 u# N* e" P* A& B9 S
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。4 {. J$ x1 ~8 _& a! f4 G
二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)
5 u9 w2 a# ]: m! a- M: eWe should spare no effort to beautify our environment.) W+ y: s6 }  S8 I! M$ w  k2 u
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
* V: F* _2 \' @1 A6 u& w2 k二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 (让..明白..事)" f: H2 l  ]0 E
例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard.- |3 _* Z  D3 J8 E* r$ J6 a
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。" R4 K' `2 k. g" t, \( C- f! S
二十七、be closely related to ~~ (与..息息相关)
* D% t3 q/ t, p# x) M. V, h例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.
, @) t1 o( }2 N& U& O$ Z! b做运动与健康息息相关。
$ d/ U- m: ^( Z5 E. e& `二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving
! b# }1 _9 A: K* W  L7 L! L= make it a rule to + V (养成...的习惯)4 m+ o' ]" O* ^6 G. ?5 }5 `
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.' _8 F7 h( q; J4 E1 M2 {
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
) S, x. ^9 y3 U3 [5 B+ b二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ (因为...)
; m* S/ e( x, {9 q0 K' l% h; j例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.% d5 O/ r4 ]& D: |7 F4 J
因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。
: @5 Y" F' f. a7 y" H
* i( K6 J1 L' r' p1 m
4 [# g: J; _( m$ P  }* \# b2 k" |
3 s& o4 Z5 T' T7 Q三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...!)
$ D0 f9 U. D) l# K. C; c( e3 |例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!/ l% p9 P- K+ Q/ J# @3 N6 _( _
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!) _8 ^$ X4 X4 A) i' z% Y
遵守诺言是多么重要的事!
6 V3 g* E8 ?  ~三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不满意)- O) j! N+ f) N
例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
. V& h& G1 E# d9 m6 i我们的交通状况令人不满意。
3 L( p0 C( h- ?( j0 }三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ (对..有很大的影响)) }* a  `3 ]- D5 I! \
例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.
! e" M% Z9 h- ~3 b抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。- u) c% r5 x8 l( H  z
三十三、do good to (对..有益),do harm to (对..有害)
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老杨团队 追求完美
例句:Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益
5 v$ J7 J( l6 wOverwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。0 |( v3 p/ V" y# c6 {/ U" L
三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ (对...造成一大威胁): o  X: w5 J' D$ m! [2 E7 v( j+ D. B
例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.# D% N' a) Z  Q' J- e7 B, D
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
  f+ d8 e/ ~. v9 J2 j三十五、do one's utmost to + V = do one's best (尽全力去...)
& U& H" s5 _8 }- \' U+ b4 B5 H, I' T例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.; i1 n: G' \4 b- T/ v& g
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。  k. h. L  m! _; B4 |- h
$ G5 w+ L% q7 E* ~. Y
) v0 c1 K* H( ^. }4 C  d% _* u
英文写作必背造词
' m7 x7 b8 S" x! w欣赏大自然的风景 to appreciate the scenery of nature1 W9 k  o9 m+ I: H$ w4 ~
培养公德心 to cultivate the public mindedness, h6 v$ B3 J' z4 o3 }5 z" F6 f
维护健康 to maintain health
" W9 Z+ N, F+ \7 b$ e保护环境 to protect the environment+ y7 G' K. L+ J2 L( Y
开拓视野 to broaden the horizon' Z7 Y* b4 R# s1 W# w- F' D! q
开拓心胸 to broaden the mind6 H; J' k% u2 m
调剂生活 to make life pleasant
/ X  N) Y& [1 Q2 N7 Y& V! ~$ ]9 u; D松散身心 to relax oneself7 `4 e3 T0 \: n6 g( d4 k5 L
启迪心灵 to enlighten the mind  ~* y, d, A( S' w
灌输知识 to impart knowledge into someone4 K+ ~+ G6 V4 b1 c9 a& H
追求理想 to seek after the ideal
! o5 [, [2 W) ~! x实现抱负 to realize one's ambition
8 ^; _& N3 ]- t3 Z1 `: D守信用 to keep one's promise
# g- s4 I' c8 T% M/ H" I# p跟上时代 to keep up with the times6 K- b* d0 r( y
欣赏古典文学 to appreciate the classical literature) o  o1 q  f! m+ p2 ]9 {
学习吉他 to learn guitar) _( A" Y  O! r8 O' k/ U4 z! i
陶冶品德 to cultivate the character
. ~- E6 @# q) C" y贡献国家 to contribute oneself to the country
( h; _% E4 S3 w( y% r8 }) F6 R锻炼身体 to strengthen, exercise the body
9 }/ V9 O4 N" F! E缺乏休闲活动 to lack recreations+ g) C  H: a' P5 D4 g# Q
作笔记 to take notes8 t( F/ J+ S8 ?3 T
使用参考书 to use reference books
( Z2 C$ r# V6 n' a0 j/ F3 e2 {关心社会 to be concerned about the society* B- i, ~6 N/ j! R8 J- L; u& i1 R9 S
服从校规 to follow the rules of the school" E+ \4 W& U7 |9 W& D' Q
尽身为学生的责任 to fulfill one's duty as a student7 p$ ?5 [. I' ~" M3 e
克服困难 to overcome the difficulty
  N& z% i' _* h4 }, ^面临困难 to be confronted with the difficulty( H( f4 L& b8 [) W( g
渡过困境 to weather the storm% _* ^% W: N; ~2 j. B
走快捷方式 to cut the corner
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量脉搏 to feel the pulse
; [4 O! N1 h' S" d+ o  x- \开药方 to prescribe the medicine
; Y9 Y$ P( n& @- |坚守原则 to stick to the principle" c' ?8 P1 R" x8 i( \, {
注意卫生 to emphasize the importance of hygiene
$ A4 F4 v; j: [9 V- I. \# M乱丢垃圾 to litter; to scatter garbage
0 o4 I' a( j2 X3 @/ f+ r8 C美化环境 to beautify the environment, P% S7 Z+ H, B6 W8 I. _! M
种植树木 to grow trees
- z" Y/ e. B$ _; x  l5 e防止污染 to prevent the pollution
7 q3 h, F) X8 R3 Z# w: Q% N提升生活品质 to promote the qualities of life
& O5 d4 |+ _9 J$ a7 f6 j" Z# k造成损害 to do damage to
/ m6 D% F0 G3 g* t/ A+ t对...有益 to benefit; to be beneficial to; Z9 T5 ]/ h2 A' R
对...有害 to be harmful to; to do harm to+ I9 @6 c" X, E3 ~* E3 M3 a
任意停车 to park the car at random+ ]* W" Q/ F7 _. v
制造噪音 to make noises$ @0 y" ^. v6 }, t/ z# d
占用人行道 to occupy the sidewalk" N8 k& @, y# W. c- H8 B
妨碍交通 to hinder the traffic
) Z: C* o* i/ i8 m6 W排放污烟、废气 to belch smoke, exhaust, fume
8 Y  G4 f( z& J2 V# M3 k5 ]' G造成不便 to cause inconvenience
$ Z" [* z& V9 f0 v& N9 `造成混乱 to bring about the disorder
, N/ }$ X5 F: n2 f" x, `6 j9 v闯红灯 to run through the red light
+ K: r6 h- d0 V0 u利用天桥 to make use of the overpass
) l% E; R6 p' B  `& x5 P- D3 t9 m查字典 to consult the dictionary
" J5 p8 E; {7 Q) k4 e/ T7 \+ {屏息 to hold one's breath
0 A5 c: J+ g3 Q! O流泪 to shed tears
8 G" z' e0 b$ Q: e; |( o符合需要 to meet the demand6 v/ D, ]: o9 v4 q2 |: I3 b) M% j
生根 to take root- n& H2 R# q# E- `6 V' C, L) X
产生结果 to bear fruit
) H/ y  `2 r- ?7 V9 C$ `' I9 H9 d! ?打破沉默 to break the ice% g$ a/ f- ?1 U5 ~5 M
气馁 to lose heart; to get discouraged
9 `: e1 J6 |. _8 s5 G" u振作 to pull oneself together; to take heart" A% z1 G0 I* z8 A3 U( k
采取步骤 to take steps; to take measures
) T8 X; t  }& n! m4 F缓和悲伤 to ease ( alleviate ) the sorrow
% W/ Z* C5 @  W承受负担 to bear the responsibility$ L0 M' D1 @6 h2 r$ o
考虑到 to make allowance for
# r( l$ q; I4 `/ }把握机会 to seize the opportunity6 G" @1 m' R: S  N9 p
跑腿 to run an errand4 `2 v9 z6 i6 X
树立楷模 to set a good example
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接受教育 to receive education
/ |$ |2 y) d6 ]0 m. b5 N# t7 R提升生活的水准 to raise the standard of living7 @, k3 K2 d- G6 L1 b+ Y! ?
告辞 to take one's leave3 B* q# o0 c( z" }( y8 T5 x
有很深的了解 to have a deep understanding of7 x% o1 F9 c# P2 V* Z9 I
跟随流行 to follow the fashion
. n6 g* D5 r/ _3 E; W提钱 to withdraw money
; k7 R. i+ ^" b0 Y2 M2 r存钱 to deposit money
+ N: e$ Q- n$ v) W# A良心不安 the conscience stirs2 c7 k. J8 n0 z9 O5 ]
自立 to be independent; to stand on one's own* y. c# y6 }, T! n1 `! p: `; A
英文很好 to have a good command of English
( t* L/ F' O+ V- P7 `6 \有广泛的知识 to have a wide range of knowledge$ i( a7 q. H# k+ z  p. G& `2 L% g
喜爱艺术 to have a great liking for arts
& Y8 ?( ?8 g2 x! t( n! r9 h0 I扮演重要角色 to play an important role in
2 {; d0 e; j5 A8 N, A, i, A聊天 to have a chat with! R/ o. |" p3 \9 H; N
有...才能 to have a talent for, E. c  Y6 l! ^" Z# z
选择 to make a choice# H7 ^% ~1 z1 G/ X1 @
有很大的影响 to have a great influence on7 K. }% r4 E3 M1 V* c: F
予人...很深的印象 to make a deep impression on
+ V& M4 G" j( r: H愚弄 to make a fool of
, ?  j  {. x, W( P找借口 to make an excuse0 L0 \: m" n0 {8 E/ b5 o
给人搭便车 to give one a lift
3 Q3 B2 H. V  r. ~) |* l  l& P打电话 to give someone a ring
$ `/ v  _, z8 o/ i# T0 r冒险 to take chances* y  j$ C% @" U9 c/ g
怀恨 to bear grudge against someone
! H3 `" Q* @( a0 _1 \, ^* D牢记在心 to bear .....in mind
8 A# E$ V1 O3 l7 P2 i7 q板着脸 to pull a long face
0 X, [# p+ e. ?9 h* ]3 [对...充耳不闻 to turn a deaf ear to
2 O3 c; I3 h# h$ d9 h被开除 to be dismissed from school, b4 Z7 \+ p4 \  O: V0 B
生气 to be angry with ( at )) G/ r, T8 n  L; `' d
负担责任 to assume the responsibility, N2 ~8 ?, O4 ]8 ^& M
符合需要 to serve the purpose5 Y; F9 D6 v( W2 P3 |: K
变胖 to gain weight
( C$ D3 d/ l  n有道理 to make sense# P8 R! }& I" X8 \# e; ~2 O5 `
记日记 to keep a diary
. D0 Z1 n( a2 f6 e1 M& W# g尽己所能 to do what one can
9 {. V# [6 _5 t  r5 {9 L擅长网球 to be at home in tennis5 P8 Z4 p4 r, U! C/ h# s4 T( u: E/ X
郊游 to go on an outing6 R6 B4 z( h) ?1 k6 L2 b0 |5 t
消磨时间 to kill time0 ~- Y; i' l$ J
增加生活的情趣 to increase the pleasures of life8 o: H9 c0 C8 q; w3 B) D
精神抖擞 to be ( feel ) refreshed
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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
解除紧张和焦虑 to relieve the tension and anxiety  [* j2 v0 a  E+ \- ]& a
宣泄久积的情绪 to release the pent-up feelings
, ]5 Q8 B$ P) }% u$ `+ v游手好闲 to fool around4 k" K% q  b% z9 {
准备考试 to prepare for the examination
: h  d1 Z5 f2 C2 n参加课外活动 to take part in the club activities
8 X8 ^* G4 ^$ H) I1 y1 y- z无精打采的 to be listless% [) z- C  p, y& J6 M3 i+ J  ~
精力充沛的 to be vigorous, energetic
8 ?: j& C/ u2 `" o防台 to guard against the typhoon7 V2 I" M, ]+ ^
逃避现实 to escape the reality
4 G8 I9 N/ T9 B, F/ N9 q达到目标 to achieve the aim2 j9 y$ w( U; E) j2 k' i/ x$ e
五育并重 to lay equal emphasis on the Five Disciplines
9 L6 Q8 _7 x3 Q( P. f! V# o9 e6 ^感到无聊 to feel ( be ) bored
* m+ W7 i: W, T: I感到剌激 to be excited
) r( K- u/ g, a/ Q# |感到满意 to be pleased, satisfied# q2 v& t2 Y6 }8 C
感到失望 to be disappointed
0 E# a5 G8 o; V$ C感到振奋 to be encouraged, inspired6 w8 j$ d! Z% S$ G: d% T) m. @
感到气馁 to be discouraged, frustrated) G, G" U2 f- g# l2 }* @$ q
感到疲倦的 to be exhausted8 ~5 w5 \) b& J
感到烦恼 to be worried, upset, disturbed, bothered
8 f/ O0 g* e: K& V* s放弃理想 to abandon the ideal
; i2 M$ h4 b& [4 u' x奠定基础 to lay the foundation
' j  @3 D4 |! b) p失去耐心 to lose patience
6 t/ y* s# j+ M0 ~0 G进步 to make progress
. @% g; ^' s( a& ?1 g' K失去连络 to lose track of1 V6 `( R% Q3 s( a2 G6 C" @
保持连络 to keep in touch with
! N) |/ A" [$ {: }7 G误入歧途 to go astray$ @( Q/ z/ @: K% A2 l
养成...的习惯 to make it a rule to; to cultivate the habit
2 A5 z8 l9 }4 L, P: R9 {3 d% x统一中国 to reunify China; W# H" z1 c4 ~9 x# h2 X
遇到交通阻塞 to be caught in a traffic jam
' g. n) U7 b, b4 m. V  W  C给...教训 to teach someone a lesson/ P4 Q7 c1 W3 o6 e5 H
改过自新 to turn over a new leaf7 g# P, B# s2 [) _
引以为乐 to take delight in
7 e' u0 x/ G* A  b" m予...以打击 to deal a heavy blow to
' Q# o9 e" Z! w1 B( Z9 p# S6 h予...以威胁 to pose a threat to
/ ^. s: d$ M1 t" \+ `1 A* l取代 to take the place of
% e: t; N2 x+ g* Z1 L, I预作保留 to make the reservation* [* E# U8 |% o" s
使...澈夜未眠 to cost someone a sleepless night
! n& l5 ~  k8 u1 g: I充满喜悦 to be filled with joy
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背诵 to learn....by heart
- p) z* ]! v" A% A6 T鼓励 to encourage, inspire1 J5 y9 n7 Z' V9 L
产生不同 to make a great difference  B6 d& r$ k9 I, e
犯法 to violate the law
, u9 r9 {& q" r不遗余力 to spare no efforts to: T2 m+ R! _4 P+ P! E* \$ _( E8 B" e. d
不辞辛劳 to take the pains to
% k3 ^0 X5 q  f4 Y$ |" A  to
2 R0 Q. P0 j( E1 m+ g0 s- J! B" |1 w( K: Y& w- X3 S! R# j6 h6 h& F
  语气转承词
* u- d9 _) E" L# \
8 [, @! ?: i0 w& L语气转承词是连系意念的字,有助于增加文章的连贯性。转承词以两种重要的方式来增加连贯性;首先,转承词有助于该段文字自身间的连贯性,这时转承词安置于句间,以使前一句与次一句的语意流畅。其次,转承词有助于段落间的连系,置于段首的转承词,将前段所讨论的意念顺畅地过场到次一段,做进一步的申论。3 R8 u. x' p/ t' P8 k6 }3 O4 r, S
/ ]" `1 {( A4 z4 l
以下,就转承词的功能区分为十二种。学习者应记住不同转承词的功能,并就各大项中重要者熟背几个,将来段落写作时就可派上用场,以增加文章之流畅,以下是十二种转承词,分别用来表示:
/ l# n- V' W, |$ Z
5 f( z8 B) a' J+ C) n3 c1 s一、解释( to explain )4 z4 J9 d; M5 z4 z9 l1 _
1. now现在;那么(表示转变话题、要求、安慰、警告、解释、惊异等,通常置于句首并加逗点) 2. in addition而且;此外 3. in this case在这种情况下 4. in fact其实;实际上 5. for this reason因为这个缘故+ G( ?9 c& {3 L/ M9 U+ \
例句:1.Now, follow the directions carefully.
7 A* ~% r) \) o+ N2.In addition, there are two museums in the city.
- `) `4 b3 G5 z! Y( P" \5 e3.The problem, in this case, is hard to solve.
/ a/ ~  b+ ~  Y9 d9 i二、强调( to emphasize )
2 ^4 Y: n- @9 K% D6 }1. certainly确实地 2. indeed确实地 3. surely确实地 4. above all尤其;最重要者 5. most important ( of all )最重要的是! {6 j3 y8 b0 g" M
例句:1.Certainly the vacation was fun.8 R$ f9 q0 F6 m) P/ @0 D. c3 ?  F
2.Indeed, no man is an island.谚语:人不能离群索居。
  p$ A7 o, t0 t4 S5 A) h5 `. U3.Above all, avoid swimming alone in strange waters.(陌生的水域), X" w5 t% L! `; e5 r* _

, W# z0 v0 f$ B2 F" ~ 三、举例( to illustrate )0 g9 q7 |- S2 A1 b
1. for example例如 2. for instance例如 3. thus就这样 4. next其次;然后 5. namely那就是 6. that is那就是 7. in other words换言之 8. that is to say换言之;那就是说 9. in particular尤其;特别 10. particularly尤其 11. especially特别地;主要地
) @- v/ l+ e+ I$ z" c2 P) m例句:1.A good speech, for example, should be as short as a skirt.
: n4 S7 C5 \4 T4 X8 Z2.For instance, light travels faster than sound.- {6 o# e( C! e; M/ n5 F" u
3.Next, think of the courses you want to take.
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四、增加或附属( to add )' B0 J  J% a- S* v: {
1. in addition而且;此外 2. furthermore而且;更有甚者 3. also也;而且 4. moreover而且;更有甚者 5. again而且 6. and而且 7. besides而且 8. in addition to除...之外 9. what's more而且( z5 r9 ?  \/ U# `% x6 G
例句:1.In addition, the tour stops in Tokyo.
: U2 z3 M8 {1 y7 U2 w- M2.furthermore, he is too old to do that.
& X7 g) T- O: J' `/ P3.Also, she asked for some money.
5 B" E8 }5 L/ O+ r5 x: P  Q8 ~8 e+ ^7 W  C7 t
 五、比较( to compare )尤其是相同性质的比较$ S  v7 L0 Z, i( \% X
1. like像 2. likewise同样地 3. in the same way同样地 4. similarly同样地 5. too也 6.equally important同样重要地
! s/ k1 ^! [, y- M# u例句:1.Like Peter, Tom is a good swimmer.
5 o. C* X. e0 C2.In the same way, we look for a good doctor.5 Z2 D" e. S! e. Z0 a% B
3.The car uses less fuel. Equally important, the car drives ninety miles per hour.8 N, M' y& D4 i8 m; P1 g

% Z: `! x/ ?4 Q 六、对比关系或相反的意思( to contrast )
6 k' z, K0 d' Q8 H3 x( J2 e. ^1. unlike不像 2. in contrast相反地 3. on the other hand另一方面 4. for another thing另一方面 5. on the contrary相反地 6. instead代替;更换;反而 7. but然而;但是 8. instead of代替;不...而 9. nevertheless然而 10. however然而 11. still然而 12. yet然而 13. after all毕竟 14. in spite of虽然 15. despite虽然
: W! ^! M; l! v, M) r2 v; \例句:1.Unlike Tom, John is brave." W/ `$ N, }. N) o/ `8 C
2.In contrast, they took to the streets.相反地,他们走上街头。
$ B& Y# B" x2 f1 W3.Instead, the new law caused many problems.
9 Y$ {( f' V( f2 o七、让步( to concede )
0 H& M6 O) k, j& n1 b/ }. k5 n1. although虽然 2. nevertheless然而 3. of course当然 4. clearly确实地 5. naturally自然地 6. perhaps或许
% Y6 H$ E  x/ N! J& i7 W例句:1.Although she ran after the train, it left without her.
2 \4 i5 C. b0 E& J' R$ Q2.He planned, nevertheless, to ask for our help.
( M4 U) e1 i0 f" I% D# K  m3.Clearly, a garden needs a lot of care.8 a1 \: i0 G* Q, x7 ?# j! l* ~
八、结果( to state a consequence )" }# U: x  R) A% \3 k. u6 b! M
1. therefore 2. consequently 3. as a result 4. thus 5. accordingly 6. hence以上皆表「因此」,「所以」,「结果」 7. so所以;因此& a, |+ c* s4 e3 F
例句:1.They hoped, therefore, to be respected.3 ^+ ?/ a- j2 g
2.Consequently, we opened an account at the bank.6 }, Z4 b6 Y% `) m6 i
3.Accordingly, she gave up her original plan.
! ]% ]" D$ y7 a# S2 x5 S- O九、综合;总结( to sum up )8 Q- ]: p% S/ z  z5 L2 n
1. to sum up 2. to summarize 3. to conclude 4. in sum ( in summary )5. in conclusion以上皆表「总之」 6. in brief 7. in short 8. in a word 9. to be short 10. in a nutshell以上皆表「简言之」 11. by and large一般来说 12. finally最后 13. in general一般而言 14. on the whole整个来说 15. generally speaking大体而言;一般而论
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例句:1.To conclude, Chinese New Year is the most important holiday.
+ M5 p5 U1 a( e9 ?: U# m2.In summary, recreation is a big business.
  H5 f9 m6 q  q) p' T( p* @3.I will tell it in a nutshell." [/ {. G' i! J9 d
十、时间关系( to state sequence of time )
, l. V5 c2 h7 W3 ^' O9 Y. J) @1. after a long time ( after a short time )过了很久,过了不久 2. after a long absence过了很久 3. presently目前 4. meanwhile同时 5. after a while一阵子之后 6. once曾经;一度 7. since then自从那时起 8. at the same time同时 9. temporarily暂时地 10. later稍晚 11. afterward后来 12. thereafter其后 13. lately最近;近来 14. sooner or later早晚
5 l: p7 F- @8 F  O! B例句:1.They met after a long absence.
+ D* v3 j; ^3 g" k" h( Z4 _2.Meanwhile, they were at war with their enemy.
: R* W% L" P4 I- K% g3.Thereafter, they never met again.
+ M9 K( Q; ?4 J, G十一、顺序、列举或思想的延续( to state order )( [. W: ^" E* M5 o
1. first首先 2. in this manner ( in this way )就这样 3. first of all首先 4. in the same way同样地 5. second其次 6. third第三 7. in the first place首先 8. then然后 9. next下一个 10. again再次 11. finally最后;终于 12. eventually终于 13. by the way顺便一提 14. incidentally附带地;顺便一提
( |9 O  R. W  I/ _例句:1.First of all, jogging makes the heart stronger.
# ^9 p- m  m- j2.Eventually, they came to an agreement.
% E0 ^& m+ t" Q3.Incidentally, medical supplies will be sent here next Monday.
5 x4 t1 O1 I, u+ ]3 a" f十二、方向( to state directions )( t5 L9 }, x: P! f: _( M* b
1. below在...下面 2. next to在...的旁边 3. beyond超越;越过 4. on the ( my, your, etc. ) right在...右边 5. further更远处 6. on the left在左边 7. here这里 8. nearby在附近 9. opposite to在...对面- _7 n7 R4 q: m
例句:1.Next to the national cemetery, there was an old church.
; @: f6 n5 A& Z( t7 V# ?2.On my right lies the beautiful river./ A+ P/ \  S/ R$ O
3.Opposite to their building, there was an elm tree.8 R6 ~$ a- y; J' d$ t& c
---------------------------------------------------------------
) Q1 _0 n( ^: z1 s" Q6 [, x6 O 英文作文「起、承、转、合用语精选」
& D$ L' U3 Y4 i+ Y0 r- x% A3 m/ Z: X
' a& ~+ H3 t& B" x6 V; w+ _7 d英文作文之起、承、转、合用语是帮助同学使文章之前后语气连贯、表意流畅,从而使全文看起来肌理分明、组织结构严谨,以便在作文写作上拿到更好的分数。但以下所列者,同学要想在短时间内速成,不妨在起、承、转、合用语中各选六、七个用法不同者熟背之,并试着在自己平常的作文中运用出来,使熟能生巧,才能令你的作文如虎添翼。当然,同学不应该忘记,这些用词只是套语,真正重要的还是文章内容,所以平常多读、多写,丰富自己的意念与想象力,才是作文拿高分的最佳途径。
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2.As far as I know, S + V...据我所知,…5 v+ Q0 @" T9 w: h* w# a4 S
3.As the saying goes, S + V...常言道,…
8 W1 o. k5 I; s8 z; a5 Y4.Everybody knows that + S + V...众所周知,…9 g' \0 g' g2 |9 ?5 [9 V
5.Frankly speaking, S + V...坦白地说,…
  U  H, }1 P1 U# i6.Generally speaking, S + V...一般而言,…
! B8 L7 |9 q# e, b" n9 c( h7.I'm of the opinion that + S + V...依我之见,…
4 T* v$ j8 U2 N) B& u7 A! x6 y8.I am greatly convinced that + S + V...我深信,…' _! D; d9 ~! }% x  r
9.In dealing with..., one cannot but admit that S + V...在讨论…,一个人不得不承认…
% M8 J, y7 z2 s! V7 p- g9 ?10.In general, S + V...一般而言,…
* o; C% [* W: G. s; b. O11.In my opinion, S + V...依我之见,…3 `2 W; q) U* G1 _8 _/ J( U
12.It can be easily proved that S + V...…是容易证明的8 @* v4 \4 [' k8 D
13.It goes without saying that S + V...不消说,…
# w3 H9 n, O  X- m/ D, p7 R) S14.It is out of the question to V…是不可能的
" c, u5 ~% {0 ]# X15.It's quite obvious that S + V...不消说,…
: d2 V0 ^# i/ i* b" @. r+ |16.It is said ( reported据报导, known一般皆知, estimated据估计, believed一般相信, expected一般预料 ) that...据说
# f; T" g! k' B+ r17.It is important ( necessary必要的, urgent紧急的, proper适当的 ) that S (should) + V(…是)重要的
6 B! _& l$ {0 i18.It's true that + S + V...事实是$ |; N4 C% t1 b  Z
19.Lucky to say, S + V...说来幸运,…
) U$ L% Q$ H1 o1 F1 Y20.Needless to say, S + V...不消说,…3 I7 u( ~# d! v& Y
21.No one can deny that + S + V...没有人可以否认…- ?& ~/ d8 t# ?7 J' ?
22.Nothing in the world can delight me so much as ...世界上没有什么比…更令我高兴& X9 P6 `: t$ e! J2 a
23.Of all the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more than...在我所认识的人当中,也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬
+ N7 f( z+ z+ A1 d0 I3 O- k2 A24.On the average, S + V...一般而言,…6 i1 s0 U* r. M0 S, c
25.Regretful to say, S + V...说来遗憾,…
# u( `: B# L. {26.Sad to say, S + V...说来可悲,…* f' |( Y& E$ P  T7 Y. A7 X
27.Strange to say, S + V...说来奇怪,…
& _- l% `& v' U- L$ g# X7 t# @28.Strictly speaking, S + V...严格地说,…
& B( _( |0 A! o( `% w, l: t29.There is no doubt that S + V...毫无疑问,…. ~5 B  W7 j) m9 u) z. a7 I
30.There is no V-ing...…是不可能的
# B( K2 c  G/ n' R3 r31.To tell the truth, S + V...老实说,…3 h7 X' w0 n0 O4 d
32.To the best of my knowledge, S + V...据我所知,…
$ d8 S1 ~8 X/ W& Z$ a- [2 F( s. R) t# f
  (承)
) k; B: f9 W% a# w/ w0 Q8 `$ G
2 S8 N& l$ q# n+ e( J1.According to + N , S + V...根据…,…5 |" {9 @( `! b6 g  }0 ?
2.As a matter of fact, S + V...实际上,…; L6 _* a- w4 y  t+ X$ F
3.As far as I'm concerned, S + V...就我而论,…
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4.As good ( ill ) luck would have it, S + V...幸运地(不幸地)
. a; R4 h# Z, V0 I- N5.As is often the case with + O, S + V...…对…是常有的事" s1 S, P1 \3 G, Z8 e
6.Besides, we should not neglect that S + V...此外,我们不应忽略
9 T0 f& M8 A+ s) A& f4 D7.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore, ...但是问题不是如此单纯。所以…) P9 n. C# |+ V% u
8.But it is a pity that S + V...但是遗憾的是…6 ]' R! ?: N' j  w  g: X
9.Compared with + N, S + V...较之…,…
4 N  @* C" {7 }+ G; A- x10.Even if ( Though ) + S1 + V1, S2 + V2...即使…,…
7 Z& {5 g5 F1 t8 B11.First of all, S + V...首先,…
' v& o/ X# j8 x* ^12.For all + N, S + V...虽然…,…+ b9 C: G0 X) C
13.For example, S + V...例如,…
7 F# @" y2 u& ^: k: R14.For instance, S + V...例如,…/ s8 v3 p  o0 n9 [7 h2 h! E
15.For one thing, S + V...一则,…* Z1 a/ n( e6 ?  N6 l1 u5 f
16.For the other, S + V...另一方面,…( \% }# D$ p% g, E
17.For this reason, S + V...因为这个缘故,…1 A2 ]( `6 s/ U; z6 ]! M
18.I take it for granted that S + V...我认为…是理所当然的1 D. |# S: E0 v$ j
19.If we take ... into account ( consideration ), we + V...如果我们考虑到…,我们…
9 `6 g+ v# c/ X' D6 N20.In accordance with + N, S + V...根据…,…
) J* q3 z2 }5 _1 ~2 H$ ]9 E21.In addition, we should + V...此外,我们必须…+ j7 k- m# a) P+ l8 s, _
22.In all likelihood, S + V...十之八九,…. g+ L& M& Y1 z# \' ]0 O( {: m
23.In comparison with + N, S + V...和…比较,…
9 |7 P: }& N% O7 h* C) a) N24.In fact ( reality, truth ), S + V...事实上,…4 s+ m: r2 @! p3 H
25.In nine cases out of ten, S + V...十之八九,…
5 `4 R1 C$ I! a5 d5 V26.In other words, S + V...换句话说,…$ ?/ |( m- K% F# d& u; v# C! a
27.In relation ( respect, regard, reference ) to + N, S + V...关于…,…. p/ i! q: }( K; I2 v
28.In spite of + N, S + V...虽然…,…
+ y& S. G, j0 N' Z5 e! c29.In the beginning, S + V...首先,…7 Y+ N5 \5 M9 ]) ?5 W4 K! o' b% x" D
30.In the first place, S + V...首先,…6 l' V0 o6 w3 O1 ?6 Y. |) O" _( C
31.It is not too much to say that S + V...…说起来并不过份7 P: N1 _3 J2 j+ q) D9 z3 h3 h
32.No matter wh- + S1 + V1, S2 + V2...无论…,…. s% a8 _7 Z2 m$ K' M6 a- W. r
33.To begin with, S + V...首先,…
0 |5 _5 y7 V1 X% u# ^6 `34.To change another words, S + V...换句话说,…
- F" @1 A' M9 J% ?- g: _35.To cite an old saying, S + V...套句古人说的话,…. L; h9 k( X" v, C+ k% L
36.To one's astonishment, S + V...令某人吃惊地,…; m# V0 X6 g$ |, l# T( l
37.To one's delight, S + V...令某人高兴地,…& y! e# I; t- Y0 z& b3 A/ H
38.To one's disappointment, S + V...令某人失望地 ,…
# i; D. Y2 N& `39.To one's excitement, S + V...令某人兴奋地,…! [, b. R) c5 T; a. N- W
40.To one's joy, S + V...令某人高兴地,…! ^  ~1 h5 y8 N) a
41.To one's regret, S + V...令某人后悔地,…
1 U  D1 m+ r5 i0 m/ j1 K9 ?$ b: C42.To one's surprise, S + V...令某人吃惊地,…: Y/ s0 ?' ^, W1 P6 \% |8 }5 w
43.To start with, S + V...首先,…
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同言同羽 置业良晨
44.To take...for example, S + V...举…为例,…
" E  o0 @  I5 \' j  L45.We have enough reasons to V我们有足够的理由…  x7 Y5 o: y/ _
46.What I must emphasize is ...我必须强调的是…
2 t& e% |  y# v47.What's more, S + V...此外 ,…6 {$ }* w" B0 b* Q& n. g) H  [- k
48.What seems to be the problem is that S + V...问题似乎是…
# s/ g+ R& l* V1 [# {1 z) o5 K+ ?
  (转)$ C5 T6 ?$ o% [5 P, Q

8 _- f" }$ m/ @9 A* T1.By contrast, if..., it will certainly be the fact that S + V...相反地,假如…,那一定…) u. ^6 c. B% E& E- t+ n& J
2.But for + N, S + V(假设法过去式或过去完成式)...若非…,…. ^* r9 S1 a* s* B/ ?$ X3 s
3.From now on, S + V...从现在起: f: Z. y; Z$ Z7 L/ z
4.Hardly had + S1 + V1(p.p.) when ( before ) + S2 + V2...一…就…
9 M$ n+ I- [9 M" e5.Have you ever + V (p.p.)....?你曾经…吗?
9 O( P6 A3 B+ r1 e" V( t7 k9 ^6.If by any chance S1 + V1, S2 + V2....万一…,…
' a+ n+ X7 J, n; s4 |0 \9 _7.If only + S + V...!但愿…!
. L: V4 G/ P( u: P& a0 @3 U1 e4 y8 j8.In other words, S + V...换句话说,…. U7 N3 l% _( Y7 w; {0 V/ b
9.In the meantime, S + V...同时,…  A1 I- F  Z' [9 }: Z  t8 b
10.In the similar way, S + V...同样地,…
- p- _. r5 R: W1 {! W' B11.In this manner, S + V...如此一来,…
# W! B- c  R: b12.In this light if..., there can surely be no doubt that S + V...有鉴于于此,假如…,确实无疑地…
& e$ _5 W0 @. E9 q. Q7 _13.Indeen, S1 + V1, but S2 + V2...没错…,但是…
0 G0 i9 s+ C4 h( o14.It's 强调的人、事、物、地、时 + that S + V...正是…! P' `' K6 y6 _- I3 e# z
15.It's high ( about ) time for + O + to V...该是…的时候了% A, y, x/ C; a' V" [; d) y
16.It's high ( about ) time that + S + should V...该是…的时候了  D8 D3 y9 D9 E9 X" Q4 R  o; D
17.It stands to reason that S + V...…是理所当然的% w) V) m# J8 ?9 P
18.No doubt, S1 + V1, but S2 + V2...没错,…,但是…$ }  E9 T7 M; C9 z1 B4 _; P& G
19.Now that S1 + V1, S2 + V2...既然…,…7 R& c" f& h8 ~) C2 T- v
20.On the contrary, S + V...相反地,…
: }/ T0 l: Z! Y( M6 N21.On the one hand, S + V...一方面,…9 C9 l6 {6 h1 _* U5 O6 O& k! I
22.On the other hand, S + V...另一方面,…
" f4 e& q9 w  n$ m23.On ( Upon ) V-ing, S + V...一…就…$ T* y; E7 {0 m$ l8 ~' q* K2 n
24.Owing to + N, S + V...由于…,…
* V/ j' n+ J% K" h. o25.The chief reason why + S + V + is...…主要的原因是…8 T" p+ u5 ?% W* y9 U+ S8 P9 F1 u
26.To do one justice, S + V...公平而论,…
; H; ^( H& j3 U- r& g) `: j( P9 e27.To make matters worse, S + V...更糟的是,…# ^4 ^) Z6 O* c6 c  G0 z
28.To put it differently, S + V...换句话说,…5 L" Y, u+ c* W$ u- O- C
29.To tell the truth, S + V...老实说,…
7 F) Z" R' `  K, \& W) I30.Undoubtedly ( Absolutely ) S + V...毫无疑问地,…! F  O& M3 A% j- B) j2 u3 _* y
31.We must recognize that S + V...我们必须承认
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 楼主| 发表于 2006-6-27 02:05 | 显示全部楼层
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32.We cannot be too +我们愈…愈好
- c4 M9 Y# a; Y& _+ `# E33.We cannot + V + too +我们愈…愈好/ ^! ]9 z, E' h
34.We cannot over-V我们愈…愈好
; I( X( f) Y) J" t" Y  d4 V35.What if S + V.........?要是…该怎么办?6 ^% b' m8 M) }
36.What's worse, S + V...更糟的是 ,…* C! V' u) Y2 @: H) Z3 X" _+ \
37.Without + N, S + V(假设法)... 若非…,…
: x% P& R0 K  X38., not to mention + N…,更甭说…7 c$ m0 B+ _. c1 [8 y1 M
39.; that is to say, S + V...…,那就是 ,…; t! Z- `1 P( v" _% @7 Q* m, F
(合)
( ^4 R& H* S9 G. Z3 W* M% s3 e$ ?1 |6 ?3 P' G5 l0 Z. {0 }! `- l- L  m' U
1.Above all ( things ), S + V...最重要地,…% }; D6 L' w  f6 v- Q7 I* E
2.According to the aforementioned, S + V...综观上述所云,…
# K9 U: K& J2 s, u3.As a result ( consequence ), S + V...结果,…7 |0 B2 q' [' _
4.As long as S1+ V1, S2 + V2...只要…,…; R* }: \, ^1 b& [& p
5.As we know from the above, S + V...由上述我们可知,…6 P# R- |' j: [/ n+ J& g
6.At any rate ( cost ), we should V...无论如何,我们应该…; \9 N2 F8 @, v* h
7.Because of this, we can find that S + V...因为如此,我们可以知道…- q+ u9 a$ Q1 b  N# {3 n+ i  J4 _
8.For this reason, S + V...基于此因 ,…  N7 G; O: Z, W' d- n5 C/ j
9.From the ... point of view, ...从…的观点来看,…! S; I! Y* L1 D. C9 T9 p# C9 ^2 I
10.If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that S + V...假如我们能做到以上所提者,无疑地…
; ]6 s- V2 N; U7 Q2 B  W. ?2 e" R# M11.In a word, S + V...一言以蔽之,…
2 M. V& F. }1 `3 M* c, ~4 K12.In any case, we should V 无论如何,我们应该…1 R8 A" X8 e' O6 M  c
13.In short ( brief ), S + V...简而言之 ,…6 c. K, O6 @4 ]5 ?& l
14.In conclusion, we should V 总而言之,我们应该…5 l  c4 ^6 t% f$ g9 s
15.Judging from the above, S + V...从以上来判断 ,…0 F# X5 s9 Z* a: e# ]# a
16.Last but not least, S + V...最后还有一件重要的事就是…. Q0 h- y6 f0 a8 ^" V
17.Only by this can we V...只有以此我们才能…) i3 j0 H  M5 @! o& E
18.On the whole, S + V...整体而论 ,…
/ u0 k: C' S) ^8 m6 y, D! w( m19.On this ground, S + V...基于此种原因
0 m$ G) A9 ~9 N/ N% j, K4 s& g1 J20.Owing to this fact we can find that S + V...因此我们可以知道…
4 [+ g2 I' C& R% }21.The long and the short of it, S + V...总之 ,…
4 S+ C% q' m4 G22.To be short ( brief ), S + V...简而言之 ,…( \: k! H. t% t+ K' _  g
23.To sum up ( conclude ), S + V...总之 ,…5 H) ^4 M5 N1 f4 d7 `; W
24.Thus, this is the reason why S + V...因此,这就是为什么…的原因
! h# z+ i! r/ s5 O5 \25.Under no circumstances should we V...无论如何我们绝不…5 `0 @) t% m! Z" b4 \# v
26.What we must do is to V...我们只要…就可以了
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