 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The' w4 O& x) ~: q2 r* G
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 J& [9 E' S! M9 i
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
' b. Q" l- x- f9 }: o A8 u5 r* gand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 M/ G: j4 G: G1 q3 O: p( M; ~+ P) a* _: |(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
# b8 O( L& O. e1 W; Xretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).1 V. V v9 Z0 x+ I9 W _
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! k h) T# g/ x0 |& ?' B+ |
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
K1 C0 l! m9 h1 L(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
$ E! C L8 v# l8 t- h$ Sretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
1 R; I! s0 C5 \- `! x3 ?; n3 i. qpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset2 u2 J6 z. ]0 m: Y' E0 q2 i
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# f. r" e9 K4 R8 s! y: u: V5 Esegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
^ M, u1 q; ~7 N( f7 y. V0 hsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
2 q$ e) w9 @, b) x0 u4 jend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
8 ?: K% T5 b4 y% U8 scompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
% D+ j5 N& T) ^6 }4 C' @: tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
. T5 V6 y6 d3 s9 ~" ~) w: q) Q
) T. j' f9 |" _7 i; i5 E/ Y(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch): @. i3 k. ^1 @: P5 x; W
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
