 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
, L, N8 r3 o+ z0 d* h% E3 HInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the+ B* x: o& G' S4 @$ ^
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
, A3 E# D* q" P6 b8 I( g8 Uand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" y( ?3 W, k6 h
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
; r3 f. L. y* M( C* fretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).4 I6 n# S8 g( \ X. a9 ~; U
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
6 a/ _. [# n) b" |& h" s0 F[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. K* G2 y- H; P. R0 M8 a
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving3 s8 h+ g. \! b- H0 b% ^
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
. T6 l- D4 ~* Vpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset* p3 Z/ E$ w+ }) }
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
. l' T! P8 Y! lsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
( G2 X& X/ K) r; |6 A) Jsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.6 R' P9 Y+ c. ?: z# g- k. v
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
$ s. n; y' r& D0 [6 m/ d$ ?compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
, V8 n5 O9 H) C. ?3 Lthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
7 v- l) {0 k% g0 ?
, F, w9 z" M4 w3 z: S }(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 |8 O% N# B4 A$ k6 w
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
